Sex Differences in Risk of Severe Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Immunotherapy, Targeted Therapy, or Chemotherapy in Cancer Clinical Trials

Journal of Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 40(13), P. 1474 - 1486

Published: Feb. 4, 2022

PURPOSE Women have more adverse events (AEs) from chemotherapy than men, but few studies investigated sex differences in immune or targeted therapies. We examined AEs by across different treatment domains. METHODS analyzed treatment-related SWOG phase II and III clinical trials conducted between 1980 2019, excluding sex-specific cancers. AE codes grade were categorized using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Symptomatic defined as those aligned with National Cancer Institute's Patient-Reported Outcome–Common Events; laboratory-based observable/measurable designated objective (hematologic v nonhematologic). Multivariable logistic regression was used, adjusting age, race, disease prognosis. Thirteen symptomatic 14 categories examined. RESULTS In total, N = 23,296 patients (women, 8,838 [37.9%]; 14,458 [62.1%]) 202 experiencing 274,688 analyzed; 17,417 received chemotherapy, 2,319 immunotherapy, 3,560 therapy. Overall, 64.6% (n 15,051) experienced one severe (grade ≥ 3) AEs. had a 34% increased risk of compared men (odds ratio [OR] 1.34; 95% CI, 1.27 to 1.42; P < .001), including 49% among receiving immunotherapy (OR 1.49; 1.24 1.78; .001). an all treatments, especially 1.66; 1.37 2.01; hematologic AE. No statistically significant nonhematologic found. CONCLUSION The greater severity both women multiple modalities indicates that broad-based exist. This could be due reported, pharmacogenomics drug metabolism/disposition, total dose received, and/or adherence Particularly large observed suggesting studying these agents is priority.

Language: Английский

---

Sex differences in immune responses

Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 371(6527), P. 347 - 348

Published: Jan. 21, 2021

Biological sex differences in immunity potentially underlie male bias for severe COVID-19

Language: Английский

---

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination responses in untreated, conventionally treated and anticytokine-treated patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 80(10), P. 1312 - 1316

Published: May 6, 2021

To better understand the factors that influence humoral immune response to vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs).Patients and controls from a large COVID-19 study, (1) no previous history of COVID-19, (2) negative baseline anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG test (3) at least 10 days before serum collection were measured for IgG. Demographic, disease-specific vaccination-specific data recorded.Vaccination responses 84 IMID 182 analysed. While all developed IgG, five failed develop (p=0.003). Moreover, 99.5% but only 90.5% neutralising antibody activity (p=0.0008). Overall delayed reduced (mean (SD): 6.47 (3.14)) compared (9.36 (1.85); p<0.001). Estimated marginal means (95% CI) adjusted age, sex time first sampling 8.48 (8.12-8.85) 6.90 (6.45-7.35) IMIDs. Significantly pertained untreated, conventionally anticytokine treated IMID.Immune are IMID. This effect is based on disease itself rather than concomitant treatment.

Language: Английский

---

Sex Differences in Immunity to Viral Infections

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Aug. 31, 2021

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has increased awareness about sex-specific differences in immunity and outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Strong evidence of a male bias disease severity is hypothesized to be mediated by sex differential immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. This hypothesis based on data from other viral infections, including influenza viruses, HIV, hepatitis others that have demonstrated infections. Although males are more susceptible most females possess immunological features render them vulnerable distinct immune-related outcomes. Both chromosome complement related genes as well steroids play important roles mediating the development

Language: Английский

---

The Impact of Pre-existing Comorbidities and Therapeutic Interventions on COVID-19

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Aug. 11, 2020

Evidence from the global outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has clearly demonstrated that individuals with pre-existing comorbidities are at a much greater risk dying COVID-19. This is great concern for living these conditions, and major challenge healthcare systems biomedical research. Not all confer same risk, however, many affect function immune system, which in turn directly impacts response to Furthermore, myriad drugs prescribed can also influence progression COVID-19 limit additional treatment options available Here, we review dysfunction infection impact on development We explore how underlying disease etiologies common therapies used treat conditions exacerbate progression. Moreover, discuss long-term challenges associated use both novel repurposed patients comorbidities.

Language: Английский

---