Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 14, 2025
Abstract
Micropollutants
(MPs)
pose
a
significant
threat
to
global
water
environments,
necessitating
advanced
treatment
technologies.
Distributed
electrochemical
systems
utilizing
electrified
membranes
(EMs)
show
promise
but
face
challenges
due
unclear
mass
transfer
and
reaction
mechanisms
within
membrane
pores
of
varying
sizes
surface
chemistry.
This
review
examines
the
interplay
between
spatial
confinement,
transfer,
chemical
reactions
in
EMs,
focusing
on
reactive
species
(RSs),
EM‐MPs
system
evolution,
phenomena
across
pore
from
microns
sub‐nanometer
scales.
Despite
advances
RS
research,
coherent
mechanistic
understanding
MP
degradation
under
confinement
remains
elusive,
particularly
extreme
where
deviate
bulk
behavior.
Gaps
knowledge
stem
complex
dynamics,
thermodynamics
kinetics,
need
for
detailed
theoretical
describe
effects.
summarizes
generation
detection
methods
RSs,
outlines
progress
EM
operational
modes,
elucidates
how
impacts
both
reactions.
Future
research
shall
focus
precise
identification
quantitative
regulation
optimization
processes
relation
RSs
MPs,
investigation
active
sites
energetic
barriers
confined
environments.
Journal of Hazardous Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
479, P. 135581 - 135581
Published: Aug. 24, 2024
Heavy
metals-laden
industrial
wastewater
represents
both
a
threat
to
ecosystems
and
human
health
and,
in
some
instances,
potential
source
of
valuable
metals
however
the
presence
organic
ligands
that
bind
heavy
metal
complexes
(HMCs)
renders
removal
(and,
where
appropriate,
recovery)
difficult.
Electrochemical-based
oxidation
reduction
processes
represent
potentially
promising
means
degrading
reducing
their
ability
retain
solution.
In
this
state-of-the-art
review,
we
provide
comprehensive
overview
current
status
on
use
electrochemical
redox
technologies
for
ligand
degradation
subsequent
recovery
from
wastewaters.
The
principles
mechanism
common
by
various
types
are
discussed
review
consideration
given
recent
progress
electrode
materials
synthesis,
cell
architecture,
operation
systems.
Furthermore,
highlight
challenges
application
treatment
HMC-containing
wastewaters
including
(i)
limited
understanding
chemical
composition
wastewaters,
(ii)
constrained
mass
transfer
process
affecting
direct/indirect
electron
transfer,
(iii)
absence
approaches
convert
recovered
into
high-value-added
products,
(iv)
restricted
semi-or
full-industrial-scale
these
technologies.
Potential
strategies
improvement
accordingly
provided
guide
efforts
addressing
future
research.
Advanced Energy Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: June 25, 2024
Abstract
Metal‐organic
frameworks
(MOFs)
have
exhibited
encouraging
catalytic
activity
for
the
oxygen
evolution
reaction
(OER),
a
crucial
process
water
electrolysis
to
produce
green
hydrogen.
Nonetheless,
distinguishing
source
of
and
establishing
structure‐composition‐property
relationships
MOFs
during
OER
processes
remain
challenging.
Here,
first
time,
operando
X‐ray
absorption
spectroscopy
(XAS)
is
utilized
monitor
structural
identify
active
components
ferrocene‐based
(Ni‐Fc)
OER.
Ligand‐defect‐rich
Ni‐Fc
synthesized
via
co‐deposition
method.
After
electrochemical
activation,
exhibits
superior
electrocatalytic
(228
mV
at
10
mA
cm
−2
in
0.1
m
KOH),
which
highly
competitive
compared
with
state‐of‐the‐art
electrocatalysts.
Operando
XAS
analysis
ex‐situ
characterizations
reveal
reconstruction
into
amorphous
NiFe‐catalysts
(a‐NiFe)
activation
process,
further
real
phases
(a‐NiFe‐C)
under
potential
greater
than
1.45
V
(vs
RHE).
In
phases,
in‐situ
formed
deprotonated
oxygen‐defected
Ni
oxyhydroxide
analogues
act
as
sites,
while
Fe
hydroxide
derived
from
ligands
optimize
electronic
structure
sites
improving
activity.
Density
functional
theory
(DFT)
indicates
reduced
energy
barrier
a‐NiFe‐C
pristine
MOFs,
supporting
improved
latter.
