Infection burdens and virulence under heat stress: ecological and evolutionary considerations DOI Creative Commons
Tobias E. Hector, Alyssa‐Lois M. Gehman, Kayla C. King

et al.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 378(1873)

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

As a result of global change, hosts and parasites (including pathogens) are experiencing shifts in their thermal environment. Despite the importance heat stress tolerance for host population persistence, infection by can impair host's ability to cope with heat. Host–parasite eco-evolutionary dynamics will be affected if reduces performance during heating. Theory predicts that within-host parasite burden (replication rate or number infecting per host), key component fitness, should correlate positively virulence—the harm caused infection. Surprisingly, however, relationship between virulence heating is often weak. Here, we describe current evidence link tolerance. We consider biology host–parasite systems may explain weak absent these two important traits hot conditions. The processes mediate fitness fundamental ecological evolutionary responses warming world. This article part theme issue ‘Infectious disease ecology evolution changing world’.

Language: Английский

Host microbiota can facilitate pathogen infection DOI Creative Commons
Emily J. Stevens, Kieran A. Bates, Kayla C. King

et al.

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. e1009514 - e1009514

Published: May 13, 2021

Animals live in symbiosis with numerous microbe species. While some can protect hosts from infection and benefit host health, components of the microbiota or changes to microbial landscape have potential facilitate infections worsen disease severity. Pathogens pathobionts exploit metabolites, take advantage a depletion defences changing conditions within host, cause opportunistic infection. The might also favour more virulent evolutionary trajectory for invading pathogens. In this review, we consider ways which contributes infectious throughout host’s life potentially across time. We further discuss implications these negative outcomes manipulation engineering management.

Language: Английский

Citations

121
Dynamics of rice microbiomes reveal core vertically transmitted seed endophytes DOI Creative Commons

Xiaoxia Zhang,

Yinan Ma,

Xing Wang

et al.

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Dec. 9, 2022

Plants and their associated microbiota constitute an assemblage of species known as holobionts. The plant seed microbiome plays important role in nutrient uptake stress attenuation. However, the core vertically transmitted endophytes remain largely unexplored.

Language: Английский

Citations

77
Commensal lifestyle regulated by a negative feedback loop between Arabidopsis ROS and the bacterial T2SS DOI Creative Commons
Frederickson Entila, Xiaowei Han, Akira Mine

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Despite the plant health-promoting effects of microbiota, these assemblages also comprise potentially detrimental microbes. How immunity controls its microbiota to promote health under conditions remains largely unknown. We find that commensal bacteria isolated from healthy Arabidopsis plants trigger diverse patterns reactive oxygen species (ROS) production dependent on immune receptors and completely NADPH oxidase RBOHD selectively inhibited specific commensals, notably Xanthomonas L148. Through random mutagenesis, we L148 gspE, encoding a type II secretion system (T2SS) component, is required for damaging rbohD mutant plants. In planta bacterial transcriptomics reveals suppresses most T2SS gene expression including gspE. colonization protected against pathogen, when gspE was by ROS or mutation. Thus, negative feedback loop between tames leaf turns it into microbe beneficial host.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
The defensome of complex bacterial communities DOI Creative Commons
Angelina Beavogui, Auriane Lacroix, Nicolas Wiart

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 8, 2024

Abstract Bacteria have developed various defense mechanisms to avoid infection and killing in response the fast evolution turnover of viruses other genetic parasites. Such pan-immune system ( defensome ) encompasses a growing number lines that include well-studied innate adaptive systems such as restriction-modification, CRISPR-Cas abortive infection, but also newly found ones whose are still poorly understood. While abundance distribution is well-known complete culturable genomes, there void our understanding their diversity richness complex microbial communities. Here we performed large-scale in-depth analysis defensomes 7759 high-quality bacterial population genomes reconstructed from soil, marine, human gut environments. We observed wide variation frequency nature among large phyla, which correlated with lifestyle, genome size, habitat, geographic background. The defensome’s mobility, its clustering islands, variability was be system-specific shaped by environment. Hence, results provide detailed picture multiple immune barriers present environmentally distinct communities set stage for subsequent identification novel ingenious strategies diversification uncultivated microbes.

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Episymbiotic Saccharibacteria suppresses gingival inflammation and bone loss in mice through host bacterial modulation DOI Creative Commons
Otari Chipashvili, Daniel R. Utter, Joseph K. Bedree

et al.

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 29(11), P. 1649 - 1662.e7

Published: Oct. 12, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

80
vRhyme enables binning of viral genomes from metagenomes DOI Creative Commons
Kristopher Kieft, Alyssa Adams, Rauf Salamzade

et al.

Nucleic Acids Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 50(14), P. e83 - e83

Published: April 22, 2022

Genome binning has been essential for characterization of bacteria, archaea, and even eukaryotes from metagenomes. Yet, few approaches exist viruses. We developed vRhyme, a fast precise software construction viral metagenome-assembled genomes (vMAGs). vRhyme utilizes single- or multi-sample coverage effect size comparisons between scaffolds employs supervised machine learning to identify nucleotide feature similarities, which are compiled into iterations weighted networks refined bins. To refine bins, unique features genomes, namely protein redundancy scoring mechanism based on the observation that viruses seldom encode redundant genes. Using simulated viromes, we displayed superior performance compared available tools in constructing more complete uncontaminated vMAGs. When applied 10,601 human skin, advanced our understanding resident viruses, highlighted by identification Herelleviridae vMAG comprised 22 scaffolds, another encoding nitrate reductase metabolic gene, representing near-complete post-binning. will enable convention uncultivated potential transform metagenome-based ecology.

Language: Английский

Citations

60
Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Approaches Deepen Our Knowledge of Plant–Endophyte Interactions DOI Creative Commons
Xueliang Chen,

Sun Mei-Chen,

Sun‐Li Chong

et al.

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

In natural systems, plant-symbiont-pathogen interactions play important roles in mitigating abiotic and biotic stresses plants. Symbionts have their own special recognition ways, but they may share some similar characteristics with pathogens based on studies of model microbes Multi-omics technologies could be applied to study plant-microbe interactions, especially plant-endophyte interactions. Endophytes are naturally occurring that inhabit plants, do not cause apparent symptoms them, arise as an advantageous source novel metabolites, agriculturally promoters, stress resisters host Although biochemical, physiological, molecular investigations demonstrated endophytes confer benefits hosts, terms promoting plant growth, increasing metabolic capabilities, enhancing resistance, consist complex mechanisms between the two symbionts. Further knowledge these gained by adopting a multi-omics approach. The involved interaction, which can range from colonization protection against adverse conditions, has been investigated transcriptomics metabolomics. This review aims provide effective means ways applying solve current problems characterization involving colonization. obtained results should useful for identifying key determinants such would also timely theoretical material basis interaction applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

53
Single mutation makes Escherichia coli an insect mutualist DOI Creative Commons
Ryuichi Koga, Minoru Moriyama,

Naoko Onodera-Tanifuji

et al.

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(8), P. 1141 - 1150

Published: Aug. 4, 2022

Abstract Microorganisms often live in symbiosis with their hosts, and some are considered mutualists, where all species involved benefit from the interaction. How free-living microorganisms have evolved to become mutualists is unclear. Here we report an experimental system which non-symbiotic Escherichia coli evolves into insect mutualist. The stinkbug Plautia stali typically associated its essential gut symbiont, Pantoea sp., colonizes a specialized symbiotic organ. When sterilized newborn nymphs were infected E. rather than only few insects survived, exhibited specific localization organ vertical transmission offspring. Through transgenerational maintenance P. , several hypermutating lines independently support host’s high adult emergence improved body colour; these called ‘mutualistic’ . These mutants slower bacterial growth, smaller size, loss of flagellar motility lack extracellular matrix. Transcriptomic genomic analyses revealed independent mutations that disrupted carbon catabolite repression global transcriptional regulator system. Each mutation reproduced mutualistic phenotypes when introduced wild-type confirming single can make findings provide for future work on host–microbe symbioses may explain why microbial mutualisms omnipresent nature.

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Distinct assembly mechanisms of microbial sub-communities with different rarity along the Nu River DOI
Song Zhang,

Kexin Li,

Jinming Hu

et al.

Journal of Soils and Sediments, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(5), P. 1530 - 1545

Published: Feb. 14, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

45
Gene gain facilitated endosymbiotic evolution of Chlamydiae DOI Creative Commons
Jennah Dharamshi, Stephan Köstlbacher, Max Emil Schön

et al.

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 40 - 54

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Abstract Chlamydiae is a bacterial phylum composed of obligate animal and protist endosymbionts. However, other members the Planctomycetes–Verrucomicrobia–Chlamydiae superphylum are primarily free living. How transitioned to an endosymbiotic lifestyle still largely unresolved. Here we reconstructed species relationships modelled genome evolution. Gene content reconstruction from 11,996 gene families suggests motile facultatively anaerobic last common ancestor that had already gained characteristic endosymbiont genes. Counter expectations for streamlining in strict endosymbionts, detected substantial gain within Chlamydiae. We found divergence energy metabolism aerobiosis observed extant lineages emerged later during chlamydial In particular, metabolic aerobic genes more metabolically versatile protist-infecting chlamydiae were gained, such as respiratory chain complexes. Our results show complexity can increase evolution, adding additional perspective understanding symbiont evolutionary trajectories across tree life.

Language: Английский

Citations

40