American Journal of Clinical Pathology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 10, 2025
Abstract
Objectives
Many
fungal
species
share
overlapping
morphologic
features
in
tissue
sections,
preventing
reliable
identification
and
optimal
treatment.
We
sought
to
determine
whether
immunohistochemistry
(IHC)
using
a
panel
of
commercially
available
antibodies
could
effectively
distinguish
between
fungi
commonly
encountered
anatomic
pathology
specimens.
Methods
Anti-Aspergillus,
anti-Rhizopus,
anti-Candida
IHC
was
performed
on
formalin-fixed,
paraffin-embedded
sections
from
24
cases
with
infections
identified
by
culture
or
sequencing
(including
4
polyfungal
infections).
Results
Anti-Aspergillus
positive
6
Aspergillus
focally
1
Candida
negative
all
Fusarium,
Scedosporium,
Rhizopus,
Mucor
species,
yielding
overall
sensitivity
100%
specificity
95%.
Anti-Rhizopus
Rhizopus
3
other
cases,
71%
100%.
Anti-Candida
showed
some
cross-reactivity
resulting
0%
specificity.
Conclusions
highly
sensitive
specific
its
ability
similar-appearing
hyaline
molds,
including
Fusarium
Scedosporium
species.
moderately
specific,
while
but
had
minimal
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: March 13, 2025
This
study
explored
the
effectiveness
of
secondary
metabolites
referred
traditional
Ayurvedic
plants
in
treating
fungal
infections,
particularly
targeting
Candida
auris
.
Recognized
as
a
global
health
threat,
this
fungus
is
notorious
for
its
resistance
to
several
antifungal
treatments.
The
inhibition
lanosterol
14α-demethylase
causes
depletion
ergosterol,
ultimately
resulting
cell
growth.
A
total
469
metabolites,
including
alkaloids,
flavonoids,
and
tannins
from
plants,
were
screened
against
CYP51
(PDB
ID:
4UYL)
using
molecular
docking.
Key
active
site
residues,
namely
HIS461,
CYS463,
TYR122,
targeted
inhibit
ergosterol
synthesis,
with
VNI
employed
benchmark
findings.
Shortlisted
underwent
physicochemical
analysis,
ADMET
analyses,
principles
medicinal
chemistry,
which
confirmed
through
pharmacokinetic
simulations.
Further,
investigated
dynamics
(MD)
co-crystalized
VNI,
trans-p-coumaric
acid,
MCPHB
[(r)-n-(1’-methoxycarbonyl-2’-phenylethyl)-4-hydroxybenzamide]
evaluate
RMSD,
RMSF,
Rg,
SASA,
cross-correlation
residue
motions,
PCA,
free
energy
decomposition.
top
compounds
demonstrated
favorable
drug-like
criteria.
They
exhibited
good
absorption
potential
high
gastrointestinal
uptake.
Distribution
metabolism
manageable
low
risks
drug-drug
interactions.
Excretion
profiles
indicated
proper
clearance,
toxicity
assessments
showed
cardiovascular
issues.
results
stable
interactions
acid
MCPHB,
suggesting
that
all
ligands
maintain
binding
protein,
preserves
structural
integrity
across
systems.
comprehensive
approach
suggests
these
natural
medicine
could
potentially
serve
primary
agents
diseases,
pending
further
validation
controlled
vitro
vivo
clinical
trials.
Fungal
infections
(FIs)
are
spreading
globally
causing
a
significant
public
health
concern.
However,
its
documentation
remains
sparse
in
Africa,
particularly
Rwanda.
This
literature
review,
aims
to
assess
the
risk
and
document
current
gaps
evidence
policy.
It
summarizes
published
data
about
FIs
Rwanda,
including
ten
reports
between
1972-and-2022.
Blastomyces,
Candida,
Cryptococcus,
Histoplasma,
Microsporum,
Pneumocystis,
Rhinosporidium,
Trichophyton
caused
human
infections.
These
primarily
affected
brain,
respiratory,
urinary
reproductive
organs,
they
were
diagnosed
using
culturing,
histopathology,
immunology,
and/or
microscopic
techniques.
Our
findings
provide
an
overview
of
diversity
distribution
FIs,
highlighting
limitations
country’s
diagnostic
capacity
surveillance
system
for
FIs.
Also,
indicating
severe
inform
policymaking,
guide
strategic
planning
intervention,
underscoring
urgent
need
build
national
fungal
diagnosis,
surveillance,
research.
Raising
awareness
among
public,
scientific
community,
healthcare
providers,
policymakers
crucial.
Furthermore,
this
report
reveals
threats
on
food
insecurity
A
Multisectoral
One
Health
Strategy
is
essential
research
intervention
determine
reduce
safety
impacts
pathogens
human,
animal,
environment.
Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 13, 2024
Invasive
fungal
infections
(IFI)
present
a
major
medical
challenge,
with
an
estimated
6.5
million
cases
annually,
resulting
in
3.8
deaths.
Pathogens
such
as
Aspergillus
spp.
Candida
Mucorales
Cryptococcus
and
other
fungi
species
contribute
to
these
infections,
posing
risks
immunocompromised
individuals.
Early
accurate
diagnosis
is
crucial
for
effective
treatment
better
patient
outcomes.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
121(47)
Published: Nov. 13, 2024
While
increased
mutation
rates
typically
have
negative
consequences
in
multicellular
organisms,
hypermutation
can
be
advantageous
for
microbes
adapting
to
the
environment.
Previously,
we
identified
two
hypermutator
Nucleic Acids Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
53(D1), P. D826 - D838
Published: Nov. 26, 2024
The
Pathogen-Host
Interactions
Database
(PHI-base)
has,
since
2005,
provided
manually
curated
genes
from
fungal,
bacterial
and
protist
pathogens
that
have
been
experimentally
verified
to
important
pathogenicity,
virulence
and/or
effector
functions
during
different
types
of
interactions
involving
human,
animal,
plant,
invertebrate
fungal
hosts.
PHI-base
provides
phenotypic
annotation
genotypic
information
for
both
native
model
host
interactions,
including
gene
alterations
do
not
alter
the
phenotype
interaction.
In
this
article,
we
describe
major
updates
PHI-base.
latest
version
PHI-base,
4.17,
contains
a
19%
increase
in
23%
relative
4.12
(released
September
2022).
We
also
unification
data
4
with
new
curation
workflow
(PHI-Canto),
which
forms
first
complete
release
5.0.
Additionally,
adding
support
Frictionless
Data
framework
datasets,
ways
sharing
interaction
Ensembl
database,
an
analysis
conserved
orthologous
increasing
variety
research
studies
make
use
4.17
is
freely
available
at
www.phi-base.org
5.0
phi5.phi-base.org.
Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 182 - 182
Published: Feb. 11, 2025
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
nanosized
that
secreted
by
all
cells
into
the
extracellular
space.
EVs
involved
in
cell-to-cell
communication
and
can
be
found
different
bodily
fluids
(bronchoalveolar
lavage
fluid,
sputum,
urine),
tissues,
circulation;
composition
of
reflects
physiological
condition
releasing
cell.
The
ability
to
use
from
for
minimally
invasive
detection
monitor
diseases
makes
them
an
attractive
target.
carry
a
snapshot
cell's
internal
state,
they
serve
as
powerful
biomarkers
diagnosing
diseases.
also
play
role
body's
immune
pathogen
responses.
Pathogens,
such
bacteria
viruses,
exploit
enhance
their
survival
spread
evade
system.
Changes
number
or
contents
signal
presence
infection,
offering
potential
avenue
developing
new
diagnostic
methods
infectious
Ongoing
research
this
area
aims
address
current
challenges
range
diseases,
including
infections
There
is
limited
literature
on
development
using
existing
molecular
biology
approaches.
We
aim
gap
reviewing
recent
EV-related
investigations
disease
studies.