Reshaping neuroimmunology: diagnosis and treatment in the era of precision medicine DOI Creative Commons
Giordani Rodrigues dos Passos, Tarso Adoni, María Fernanda Mendes

et al.

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 81(12), P. 1125 - 1133

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Abstract Precision medicine has revolutionized the field of neuroimmunology, with innovative approaches that characterize diseases based on their biology, deeper understanding factors leading to heterogeneity within same disease, development targeted therapies, and strategies tailor therapies each patient. This review explores impact precision various neuroimmunological conditions, including multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), optic neuritis, autoimmune encephalitis, immune-mediated neuropathies. We discuss advances in subtyping, recognition novel entities, promising biomarkers, more selective monoclonal antibodies cutting-edge synthetic cell-based immunotherapies disorders. In addition, we analyze challenges related affordability equity implementation these emerging technologies, especially situations limited resources.

Language: Английский

Quantitative myelin imaging with MRI and PET: an overview of techniques and their validation status DOI Creative Commons
Chris W.J. van der Weijden, Emma Biondetti,

Ingomar W. Gutmann

et al.

Brain, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 146(4), P. 1243 - 1266

Published: Nov. 18, 2022

Myelin is the protective sheath wrapped around axons, consisting of a phospholipid bilayer with water between wraps. The measurement damage to myelin sheaths, evaluation efficacy therapies aiming promote remyelination and monitoring degree brain maturation in children all require non-invasive quantitative imaging methods. To date, various techniques have been developed. Five different MRI approaches can be distinguished based on their biophysical principles: (i) lipid bilayers directly (e.g. imaging); (ii) non-aqueous protons ultra-short echo-time techniques; (iii) indirect macromolecular content magnetization transfer; inhomogeneous transfer); (iv) mapping effects sheath's magnetic susceptibility signal mapping); (v) diffusion. PET uses radioactive molecules high affinity specific components, particular basic protein. This review aims give an overview techniques, principles, image acquisition, data analysis validation status.

Language: Английский

Citations

37
Microglia in multiple sclerosis – pathogenesis and imaging DOI
Laura Airas, V. Wee Yong

Current Opinion in Neurology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(3), P. 299 - 306

Published: June 1, 2022

Purpose of review Microglia normally protects the central nervous system (CNS) against insults. However, their persistent activation in multiple sclerosis (MS) contributes to injury. Here, we microglia MS and detection using positron emission tomography (PET). Recent findings During lesion evolution progression MS, activity may contribute neurotoxicity through release pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxidative species, proteases glutamate. A means detect monitor individuals living with is provided by (PET) imaging mitochondrial 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) ligand. TSPO PET shows increased microglial within normal appearing white matter that precedes radiological signs neurodegeneration measured T2 enlargement. PET-detected increases MS. These demand use CNS penetrant inhibitors affect microglia. Such therapies include hydroxychloroquine recently reported a small study reduce expected primary progressive Bruton's tyrosine kinase for which there are now eleven Phase 3 registered trials Summary Microglial drives injury microglia-specific ligands offer new insights into as treatment responses.

Language: Английский

Citations

35
Assessing disease progression and treatment response in progressive multiple sclerosis DOI
Gıancarlo Comı, Gloria Dalla Costa, Bruno Stankoff

et al.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(10), P. 573 - 586

Published: Sept. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Remyelination in the Central Nervous System DOI
Robin J.M. Franklin, Benedetta Bodini, Steven A. Goldman

et al.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. a041371 - a041371

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Robin J.M. Franklin1, Benedetta Bodini2,3 and Steven A. Goldman4,5 1Altos Labs Cambridge Institute of Science, CB21 6GH, United Kingdom 2Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute, CNRS, INSERM, 75013, France 3Saint-Antoine Hospital, APHP, 75012, 4Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, USA 5University Copenhagen Faculty Medicine, 2200, Denmark Correspondence: rfranklin{at}altoslabs.com

Language: Английский

Citations

6
General In Situ Engineering of Carbon‐Based Materials on Carbon Fiber for In Vivo Neurochemical Sensing DOI
Hui Zeng,

Guoyuan Ren,

Nan Gao

et al.

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 63(36)

Published: June 20, 2024

Developing real-time, dynamic, and in situ analytical methods with high spatial temporal resolutions is crucial for exploring biochemical processes the brain. Although vivo electrochemical based on carbon fiber (CF) microelectrodes are effective monitoring neurochemical dynamics during physiological pathological processes, complex post modification hinders large-scale productions widespread neuroscience applications. Herein, we develop a general strategy engineering of carbon-based materials to mass-produce functional CFs by introducing polydopamine anchor zeolitic imidazolate frameworks as precursors, followed one-step pyrolysis. This demonstrates exceptional universality design flexibility, overcoming post-modification procedures avoiding delamination layer. simplifies fabrication integration CF-based microelectrodes. Moreover, highly stable selective H

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Immune mechanisms and shared immune targets in neurodegenerative diseases DOI
Howard L. Weiner

Nature Reviews Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Cognitive performance in multiple sclerosis: what is the role of the gamma-aminobutyric acid system? DOI Creative Commons
Marijn Huiskamp, Maqsood Yaqub, M R van Lingen

et al.

Brain Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(3)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Abstract Cognitive impairment occurs in 40–65% of persons with multiple sclerosis and may be related to alterations glutamatergic GABAergic neurotransmission. Therefore, the aim this study was determine how changes relate cognitive functioning vivo. Sixty (mean age 45.5 ± 9.6 years, 48 females, 51 relapsing-remitting sclerosis) 22 age-matched healthy controls (45.6 22.0 17 females) underwent neuropsychological testing MRI. Persons were classified as cognitively impaired when scoring at least 1.5 standard deviations below normative scores on ≥30% tests. Glutamate GABA concentrations determined right hippocampus bilateral thalamus using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. GABA-receptor density assessed quantitative [11C]flumazenil positron emission tomography a subset participants. Positron outcome measures influx rate constant (a measure predominantly reflecting perfusion) volume distribution, which is density. Twenty (33%) fulfilled criteria for impairment. No differences observed glutamate or between controls, preserved, control groups. Twenty-two (12 preserved 10 impaired) successfully tomography. showed lower thalamus, indicating perfusion. For higher values than deep grey matter, increased When comparing patients group significantly distribution cortical matter hippocampus. Positive correlations both information processing speed only. Whereas did not differ nor impaired, groups, that seen patients. In addition, correlated cognition, particular speed. This could indicate upregulated phase means regulate neurotransmission potentially preserve functioning.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
PET Beta‐Amyloid Tracer Uptake in Leukoencephalopathies: Comparing Metachromatic Leukodystrophy and CADASIL DOI Creative Commons
Chiara Benzoni, Marco Moscatelli, Anna Bersano

et al.

European Journal of Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 32(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Choroid plexuses at the interface of peripheral immunity and tissue repair in multiple sclerosis DOI
Vito A. G. Ricigliano, Bruno Stankoff

Current Opinion in Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(3), P. 214 - 221

Published: April 17, 2023

Purpose of review Choroid plexuses (ChPs) are key actors the blood-to-cerebrospinal-fluid barrier and serve as brain immune checkpoint. The past years have seen a regain interest about their potential involvement in physiopathology neuroinflammatory disorders like multiple sclerosis (MS). This article offers an overview recent findings on ChP alterations MS, with focus imaging tools able to detect these abnormalities inflammation, tissue damage repair. Recent On MRI, ChPs enlarged people MS (PwMS) versus healthy individuals. size increase is early event, already detected presymptomatic pediatric MS. Enlargement linked local inflammatory infiltrates, dysfunction selectively impacts periventricular damage, larger predicting expansion chronic active lesions, smoldering inflammation remyelination failure tissues surrounding ventricles. volumetry may add value for prediction disease activity disability worsening. Summary metrics emerging possible biomarkers neuroinflammation repair Future works combining multimodal techniques should provide more refined characterization functional changes, link blood cerebrospinal-fluid fluid trafficking

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Identifying Biomarkers for Remyelination and Recovery in Multiple Sclerosis: A Measure of Progress DOI Creative Commons
Vito A. G. Ricigliano, Silvia Marenna, Serena Borrelli

et al.

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 357 - 357

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology is characterized by acute and chronic inflammation, demyelination, axonal injury, neurodegeneration. After decades of research into MS-related degeneration, recent efforts have shifted toward recovery the prevention further damage. A key area focus remyelination process, where researchers are studying effects pharmacotherapy on myelin repair mechanisms. compounds being tested for their potential to foster in different clinical settings through application less or more complex techniques assess efficacy. Objective: To review current methods biomarkers track regeneration over time people with MS (PwMS), implications promyelinating drug testing. Methods: Narrative review, based a selection PubMed articles discussing measure vivo functional PwMS. Results: Non-invasive tools, such as structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Positron Emission Tomography (PET), implemented repair, while other like evoked potentials, MRI, digital markers allow assessment recovery. These methods, alone combination, been employed obtain precise various trials MS. Conclusions: Combining identify restoration could yield novel biomarkers, enhancing accuracy trial outcomes remyelinating therapies

Language: Английский

Citations

0