Vaccine Safety and Immunogenicity in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis Treated With Natalizumab

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(4), P. e246345 - e246345

Published: April 12, 2024

Vaccination in patients with highly active multiple sclerosis (MS) requiring prompt treatment initiation may result impaired vaccine responses and/or delay.

Language: Английский

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Reiseimpfungen – Hinweise und Empfehlungen

Flugmedizin · Tropenmedizin · Reisemedizin - FTR, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 32(02), P. 68 - 98

Published: April 1, 2025

Zusammenfassung Der Ständige Ausschuss Reisemedizin (StAR) der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Tropenmedizin, und Globale Gesundheit (DTG) gibt jährlich Empfehlungen zu Reiseimpfungen heraus. Diese Empfehlungen, erstellt von unabhängigen Experten, umfassen länderspezifische risikobasierte Impfstrategien sowie verpflichtende Impfungen internationale Reisen. Sie dienen als Entscheidungshilfe medizinisches Fachpersonal berücksichtigen Erkenntnisse u. a. WHO, des ECDC nationaler Gesundheitsbehörden.

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Trauma Burden Affected People with Multiple Sclerosis During SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 2665 - 2665

Published: April 13, 2025

Background/Objectives: Trauma is a psychological injury resulting from distressing or overwhelming event. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been disruptive and traumatic for many people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). relationship between patient characteristics trauma in pwMS during the not yet thoroughly explored. aim of this bicentric prospective cohort study was to analyze prevalence development probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among identify parameters associated condition. Methods: We have assessed PTSD before after approval first vaccines Germany using an adapted version Screening Questionnaire (TSQ). compared (TSQ sum score ≥ 6) those without < regarding sociodemographic MS-specific clinical characteristics, polypharmacy status, comorbidities, anxiety/depression levels, personality traits, mental/physical/social burden, general vaccination willingness. Results: Out 149 included, 8.1% were identified as having PTSD. These patients had significantly higher rates pre-pandemic abnormal anxiety (66.7% vs. 18.5%, p 0.001) depression scores (45.5% 12.6%, = 0.013). exhibited distinct profile, neuroticism harm avoidance lower conscientiousness, cooperativeness, self-directedness scores. They also more likely report severe very burdens (p ≤ 0.045). Conclusions: Medical social services should be provided support who experienced serious trauma. concepts education procedures accompanied by comprehensive clear communication that recognizes individual risk factors addresses possible concerns evidence-based convincing arguments.

Language: Английский

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Redefining Immunization: Recent Advances and Innovations in Vaccine Development

Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 73 - 81

Published: March 10, 2025

Vaccines have been a fundamental part of public health for long time, offering essential protection against infectious diseases. Recent advancements in vaccine technology are now expanding the possibilities disease prevention and treatment. This article outlines key developments field, highlighting novel technologies, targeted treatments, challenges facing next-generation efforts. Vaccine development is progressing traditionally challenging diseases, including HIV/AIDS, various viral infections (e.g., cytomegalovirus, dengue, Ebola), cancer, other chronic conditions. Efforts also focus on bacterial C. difficile, chlamydia, E. coli) parasitic diseases malaria, hookworm, leishmaniasis). Combination vaccines, which simplify immunization schedules, under to increase uptake. The COVID-19 pandemic catalyzed unprecedented collaboration speed development, with first vaccines authorized within six months. Researchers focused universal address multiple variants. Emerging technologies such as nanoparticle-based mucosal inhalation or oral delivery) show promise stronger immunity. Precision drawing cues from natural immunity, may enhance efficacy safety. Innovations recombinant DNA, vector non-replicating RNA DNA plasmid opening new pathways development. These aim create safe effective even individuals compromised immune systems. future involves leveraging precision approaches improve safety efficacy, addressing both current emerging Continued research ethical prioritization will be crucial enhancing global outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoid-Containing Vaccine in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Real-World Prospective, Open-Label, Multi-Centre Study

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 451 - 451

Published: April 24, 2025

Objective: To assess changes in disease activity Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients on various disease-modifying-drugs, as well immunogenicity, safety and clinical tolerability following combined tetanus- diphtheria-vaccination. Methods: We conducted a prospective, multicentre, non-randomised real-world observational study at specialised outpatient MS care centres Germany. enrolled multiple sclerosis receiving diphtheria-vaccination who had stable MS-treatment regimen for least six months an indication this vaccination. Serum samples were obtained before four weeks after vaccination specific antibody response. Antibody concentrations against vaccine antigens measured duplicate via ELISA. Subjects followed one year immunisation. (EDSS relapse rates) was evaluated follow-up visits. Local systemic adverse events registered Results: In total, 72 received tetanus diphtheria The annualised rates the comparable to (0.39 vs. 0.37). During period, EDSS score did not change significantly. 2.0 2.2 two years prior 2.5 No subjects experienced severe events. However, 14 (19.4%) local events, 10 (13.9%) reactions. Following vaccination, all protective titres diphtheria-toxoid. Geometric mean of toxoid antibodies increased from 0.64 IU/mL 2.23 (p < 0.0001) 0.1 0.45 0.0001). Conclusions: Tetanus- proved be safe effective situation.

Language: Английский

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Screening for severe drug-drug interactions in patients with multiple sclerosis: A comparison of three drug interaction databases

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 5, 2022

Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) often undergo complex treatment regimens, resulting in an increased risk of polypharmacy and potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs). Drug interaction databases are useful for identifying pDDIs to support safer medication use. Objective: To compare three different screening tools regarding the detection classification a cohort MS patients. Furthermore, we aimed at ascertaining sociodemographic clinical factors that associated occurrence severe pDDIs. Methods: The Stockley's, Drugs.com MediQ were used identify by schedules 627 We determined overlap identified level agreement pDDI severity ratings between databases. Logistic regression analyses conducted determine patient having pDDI. Results: most using (n = 1,161), followed 923) Stockley's 706). proportion classified as was much higher (37.4%) than (14.4%) (0.9%). Overall, 1,684 least one database, which 318 (18.9%) detected all Only 55 (3.3%) have been reported same across A total 336 (271 59 two 6 databases). revealed 47 23 pDDIs, respectively, not included other At found 35.2% common combination acetylsalicylic acid enoxaparin, citalopram drug frequently involved strongest predictors greater number drugs taken, older age, living alone, comorbidities lower educational level. Conclusions: information on heterogeneous examined. More resource should be practice evaluate Regular reviews exchange treating physicians can help avoid

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic potential of natural killer cells in neuroimmunological diseases

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 173, P. 116371 - 116371

Published: March 2, 2024

Natural killer (NK) cells, a major component of the innate immune system, have prominent immunoregulatory, antitumor proliferation, and antiviral activities. NK cells act as double-edged sword with therapeutic potential in neurological autoimmunity. Emerging evidence has identified are involved development progression neuroimmunological diseases such multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, autoimmune encephalitis, Guillain-Barré Syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, myasthenia gravis, idiopathic myopathy. However, regulatory mechanisms functional roles highly variable different clinical states need to be further determined. In this review, we summarize for heterogenic involvement above conditions. Further, describe cutting-edge NK-cell-based immunotherapy preclinical highlight challenges that must overcome fully realize cells.

Language: Английский

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Frequency and Predictors of Relapses following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Interim Results from a Longitudinal Observational Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 3640 - 3640

Published: May 24, 2023

Despite protection from severe COVID-19 courses through vaccinations, some people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) are vaccination-hesitant due to fear of post-vaccination side effects/increased disease activity. The aim was reveal the frequency and predictors post-SARS-CoV-2-vaccination relapses in PwMS. This prospective, observational study conducted as a longitudinal Germany-wide online survey (baseline two follow-ups). Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years, MS diagnosis, ≥1 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Patient-reported data included socio-demographics, MS-related data, phenomena. Annualized relapse rates (ARRs) cohort reference cohorts German Registry compared pre- post-vaccination. Post-vaccination reported by 9.3% PwMS (247/2661). cohort's ARR 0.189 (95% CI: 0.167-0.213). matched unvaccinated group 2020 0.147 (0.129-0.167). Another vaccinated showed no indication increased activity (0.116; 0.088-0.151) pre-vaccination (0.109; 0.084-0.138). Predictors (study cohort) missing immunotherapy (OR = 2.09; 1.55-2.79; p < 0.001) shorter time last first vaccination 0.87; 0.83-0.91; 0.001). Data on temporal context expected for third follow-up.

Language: Английский

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Interferon beta-1a sc at 25 years: a mainstay in the treatment of multiple sclerosis over the period of one generation

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(11), P. 1343 - 1359

Published: Sept. 11, 2023

Introduction Interferon beta (IFN beta) preparations are an established group of drugs used for immunomodulation in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Subcutaneously (sc) applied interferon beta-1a sc) has been continuous clinical use 25 years as a disease-modifying treatment.Areas covered Based on data published since 2018, we discuss recent insights from analyses the pivotal trial PRISMS and its long-term extension well newer randomized studies IFN sc reference treatment, across patient life span bridging therapy, regarding mechanisms action, potential benefits vaccine responses.Expert opinion paved way to effective immunomodulatory treatment MS, enabled meaningful into disease process, remains valid therapeutic option selected vulnerable MS groups.

Language: Английский

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Infektionen und Multiple Sklerose

Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 8, 2024

Zusammenfassung In der Studienliteratur nehmen die Ursachen, Bedingungen und Folgen von Infektionen bei Patienten mit einer Multiplen Sklerose (MS) nicht den Platz ein, ihnen Alltagsrelevanz her zustünde. Gerade Harnwegsinfekte vor allem Pneumonien tragen erheblich zu Krankenhauseinweisungen, Morbidität Mortalität bei. dieser Übersicht werden aktuellen Erkenntnisse Infektionskrankheiten einschließlich SARS-CoV-2 MS zusammengefasst. Dabei geht es um drei Fragestellungen: Beeinflussen das MS-Risiko? Wirken sich auf Krankheitsaktivität aus? Welche Effekte haben verschiedenen immunmodulatorischen MS-Therapien Risiko Verlauf Infektionskrankheiten? Um Beratung Versorgung MS-Patienten verbessern, Studienlage aktuelle Empfehlungen überprüft erörtert, was im Behandlungsalltag beachten ist.

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