In vivo timelapse imaging and analysis of Golgi satellite organelle distribution and movement in the neural progenitor cells of the brain DOI Creative Commons
Lindsay D Arellano, Jennifer E. Bestman

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Abstract The dividing stem cells of the developing brain are radial glial neural progenitor (NPCs), multifunctional that proliferate to generate all brain, but also act as scaffolds for their migrating neuron progeny, guideposts pathfinding growing axons and regulators synaptic activity. These remarkable perform these very different activities while remaining in contact with inner outer surface ever-growing brain. NPCs synthesize proteins locally support compartmentalized protein expression required specialized functions, it is not clear how necessary processing normally occurs Golgi apparatus achieved at locations far from cell body. satellites, motile organelles members maturation machinery, control glycosylation polarized like neurons. To investigate whether rely on we expressed a fluorescent reporter label satellites intact brains Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Quantitative analysis vivo timelapse images revealed dynamic, distribute throughout cell, suggesting have local proteostasis diverse functions.

Language: Английский

Genetics of human brain development DOI
Yi Zhou, Hongjun Song, Guo‐li Ming

et al.

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 26 - 45

Published: July 28, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

70
Identity and nature of neural stem cells in the adult human subventricular zone DOI Creative Commons

Salma Baig,

Javad Nadaf,

Redouane Allache

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(4), P. 109342 - 109342

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

The existence of neural stem cells (NSCs) in adult human brain neurogenic regions remains unresolved. To address this, we created a cell atlas the subventricular zone (SVZ) derived from fresh neurosurgical samples using single-cell transcriptomics. We discovered 2 radial glia (RG)-like populations, aRG1 and aRG2. shared features with fetal early RG (eRG) aRG2 were transcriptomically similar to outer (oRG). also captured neuronal oligodendrocytic NSC states. found that biological programs driven by their transcriptomes support roles as lineage NSCs. Finally, show these NSCs have potential transition between states along trajectories. These data reveal multipotent reside SVZ.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Spatiotemporal expression of thyroid hormone transporter MCT8 and THRA mRNA in human cerebral organoids recapitulating first trimester cortex development DOI Creative Commons

Adina Sophie Graffunder,

Audrey Amber Julie Bresser,

Valeria Fernández Vallone

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 23, 2024

Thyroid hormones (TH) play critical roles during nervous system development and patients carrying coding variants of MCT8 (monocarboxylate transporter 8) or THRA (thyroid hormone receptor alpha) present a spectrum neurological phenotypes resulting from perturbed local TH action early brain development. Recently, human cerebral organoids (hCOs) emerged as powerful in vitro tools for disease modelling recapitulating key aspects cortex To begin exploring prospects this model thyroid research, we performed detailed characterization the spatiotemporal expression developing hCOs. Immunostaining showed membrane neuronal progenitor cell types including neuroepithelial cells, radial glia cells (RGCs), intermediate progenitors outer RGCs. In addition, detected robust protein deep layer upper neurons. Spatiotemporal SLC16A2 mRNA expression, by fluorescent situ hybridization (FISH), was highly concordant with across cortical layers. FISH already neuroepithelium before onset neurogenesis. remained low ventricular zone, increased subventricular zone whereas strong observed excitatory combination up-regulation known T3 response genes following treatment, these observations show that hCOs provide promising experimentally tractable to probe neurogenesis eventually consequences impaired function

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Shaping the cerebral cortex by cellular crosstalk DOI Creative Commons
Julie Stoufflet,

Sylvia Tielens,

Laurent Nguyen

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 186(13), P. 2733 - 2747

Published: June 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Brain development and bioenergetic changes DOI Creative Commons
Arjun Rajan, Ryann M. Fame

Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 199, P. 106550 - 106550

Published: June 6, 2024

Bioenergetics describe the biochemical processes responsible for energy supply in organisms. When these changes become dysregulated brain development, multiple neurodevelopmental diseases can occur, implicating bioenergetics as key regulators of neural development. Historically, discovery disease affecting individual stages development has revealed critical roles that play generating nervous system. Bioenergetic-dependent disorders include tube closure defects, microcephaly, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, mTORopathies, and oncogenic processes. Developmental timing cell-type specificity determine long-term effects bioenergetic mechanisms on form function. Here, we discuss metabolic progenitor specification, neuronal differentiation (neurogenesis), gliogenesis. In general, transitions between glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation are regulated early oncogenesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) mitochondrial maturity later differentiation. We also how interface with developmental regulation other elements, including cerebrospinal fluid environment. While questions remain about interplay this review integrates current state known intersections health disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Indirect neurogenesis in space and time DOI
Stefan Thor

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 519 - 534

Published: July 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
What Makes Us Human: Insights from the Evolution and Development of the Human Neocortex DOI
Takashi Namba, Wieland Β. Huttner

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(1), P. 427 - 452

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

“What makes us human?” is a central question of many research fields, notably anthropology. In this review, we focus on the development human neocortex, part brain with key role in cognition, to gain neurobiological insight toward answering question. We first discuss cortical stem and progenitor cells human-specific genes that affect their behavior. thus aim understand molecular foundation expansion neocortex occurred course evolution, as generally thought provide basis for our unique cognitive abilities. then review emerging evidence pointing differences between present-day humans Neanderthals, closest relatives. Finally, have been implicated neuronal circuitry offer perspective future studies addressing what human.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Epigenetic and metabolic regulation of developmental timing in neocortex evolution DOI Creative Commons

Matilde Aquilino,

Nora Ditzer, Takashi Namba

et al.

Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

The human brain is characterized by impressive cognitive abilities. neocortex the seat of higher cognition, and expansion a hallmark evolution. While developmental programs are similar in different species, timing transitions capacity neural progenitor cells (NPCs) to proliferate differ, contributing increased production neurons during cortical development. Here, we review epigenetic regulation corticogenesis, focusing mostly on humans while building knowledge from studies mice. We discuss metabolic-epigenetic interplay as potential mechanism integrate extracellular signals into chromatin. Moreover, synthesize current understanding how metabolic deregulation can cause neurodevelopmental disorders. Finally, outline be investigated using organoid models.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Stem Cell- and Cell-Based Therapies for Ischemic Stroke DOI Creative Commons
Carmen Delia Nistor-Cseppento, Maria Carolina Jurcău, Anamaria Jurcău

et al.

Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(11), P. 717 - 717

Published: Nov. 20, 2022

Stroke is the second cause of disability worldwide as it expected to increase its incidence and prevalence. Despite efforts number patients eligible for recanalization therapies, a significant proportion stroke survivors remain permanently disabled. This outcome boosted search efficient neurorestorative methods. Stem cells act through multiple pathways: cell replacement, secretion growth factors, promoting endogenous reparative pathways, angiogenesis, modulation neuroinflammation. Although neural stem are difficult obtain, pose series ethical issues, require intracerebral delivery, mesenchymal less immunogenic, easy can be transplanted via intravenous, intra-arterial, or intranasal routes. Extracellular vesicles exosomes have similar actions easier also allowing engineering deliver specific molecules RNAs promote desired effects. Appropriate timing, dosing, delivery protocols must established, possibility tumorigenesis settled. Nonetheless, cell- cell-based therapies already entered clinical trials. safe, evidence efficacy impressive so far. Hopefully, STEP guidelines SPAN program will improve success rate. As such, therapy ischemic holds great promise.

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Experimental models of human cortical malformations: from mammals to 'acortical' zebrafish DOI
Fabiano V. Costa, Konstantin N. Zabegalov, Tatiana O. Kolesnikova

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 155, P. 105429 - 105429

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

9