Neuroregulation during Bone Formation and Regeneration: Mechanisms and Strategies

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

The skeleton is highly innervated by numerous nerve fibers. These fibers, in addition to transmitting information within the bone and mediating sensations, play a crucial role regulating tissue formation regeneration. Traditional engineering (BTE) often fails achieve satisfactory outcomes when dealing with large-scale defects, which frequently related lack of effective reconstruction neurovascular network. In recent years, increasing research has revealed critical nerves metabolism. Nerve fibers regulate cells through neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, peripheral glial cells. Furthermore, also coordinate vascular immune systems jointly construct microenvironment favorable for As signaling driver formation, neuroregulation spans entire process physiological activities from embryonic postmaturity remodeling repair. However, there currently comprehensive summaries these regulatory mechanisms. Therefore, this review sketches out function during Then, we elaborate on mechanisms coupling neuromodulation immunity. Finally, discuss several novel strategies neuro-bone (NBTE) based bone, focusing coordinated regeneration tissue.

Language: Английский

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Spontaneous mesoscale calcium dynamics reflect the development of the modular functional architecture of the mouse cerebral cortex

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 121088 - 121088

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Three systems of circuit formation: assembly, updating and tuning

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Language: Английский

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Developmental changes in brain-wide fear memory networks

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108037 - 108037

Published: March 1, 2025

Memory retrieval involves coordinated activity across multiple brain regions. Yet how the organization of memory networks evolves throughout development remains poorly understood. In this study, we compared whole-brain functional that are active during contextual fear recall in infant, juvenile, and adult mice. Our analyses revealed long-term change significantly postnatal development. Infant dense heterogeneous, whereas sparse have a small-world topology. While hippocampal subregions were highly connected nodes at all ages, cortex gained many connections Different matured different rates, but their developmental timing fell into three major categories: stepwise between two linear or inverted-U, with elevated connectivity juveniles. work highlights subset regions likely maintain important roles encoding, undergoes significant reorganization Together, these results provide blueprint for studying correlated cellular key areas distinctly regulates storage

Language: Английский

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Development of Brain Metastable Dynamics during the Equivalent of the Third Gestational Trimester

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101556 - 101556

Published: April 1, 2025

Metastability, a concept from dynamical systems theory, provides framework for understanding how the brain shifts between various functional states and underpins essential cognitive, behavioural, social function. While studied in adults, metastability early development has only received recent attention. As undergoes dramatic structural changes over third gestational trimester, here we review these are reflected metastable dynamics preterm, preterm at term-equivalent full-term neonates. We synthesize findings EEG, fMRI, fUS, computational models, focusing on spatial distribution temporal of states, which include integration segregation, signal predictability complexity. Despite fragmented evidence, studies suggest that neonatal develops equivalent with increasing ability integration-segregation, broader range faster state transitions greater Preterms age exhibit immature features compared to full-terms. explain interpret terms maturation free energy landscape establishment cognitive functions.

Language: Английский

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Synaptic disturbance in neurodevelopmental disorders: Perspectives from fragile X and Rett syndromes

Brain and Development, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 47(3), P. 104358 - 104358

Published: April 14, 2025

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are often referred to as "synaptopathies" because many of their behavioral symptoms arise from impaired synaptic development and function. However, the mechanisms that connect dysfunction neurological remain unclear, mainly due wide variety genetic environmental factors involved in these disorders. Fragile X syndrome Rett syndrome, two extensively studied monogenic NDDs, provide a unique opportunity explore at molecular, cellular, levels. This review summarizes current understanding how alterations contribute observed fragile syndromes. A comparison findings mouse models indicates an imbalance local distal connectivity may serve common feature both

Language: Английский

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Early postnatal inhibition of neurosteroid synthesis changes the later-life adverse outcome of neonatal asphyxia in rats

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110506 - 110506

Published: May 1, 2025

Birth asphyxia (BA) is a common cause of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), neonatal seizures, and detrimental neurodevelopment. Brain levels neurosteroids such as allopregnanolone rise in response to acute hypoxic stress, which thought represent an endogenous protective mechanism that reduces excitotoxicity the developing brain. In present study, we investigated how inhibition neurosteroid synthesis by steroid 5α-reductase inhibitor finasteride affects adverse outcomes BA/HIE. Intermittent was induced rats at postnatal day 11. Finasteride (50 mg/kg) administered immediately before asphyxia. Behavioral cognitive tests were performed over subsequent 14 months, corresponds ∼50% lifespan outbred rat strain used. contrast our expectation, decreased severity duration seizures did not increase mortality. Subsequent behavioral experiments showed no development motor function, but finasteride-treated exhibited increased anxiety-like behavior open field, elevated plus-maze, light-dark box tests. The correlated with enhanced mossy fiber sprouting hippocampal CA3a region. While vehicle-treated post-asphyxial serious decline functions, this observed group. One possible explanation latter finding significant loss CA3c neurons dorsal hippocampus only determined rats. Overall, study indicates role BA its outcome much more complex than previously thought.

Language: Английский

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Astrocyte regulation of behavioral outputs: the versatile roles of calcium

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: May 15, 2025

Behavior arises from coordinated brain-wide neural and glial networks, enabling organisms to perceive, interpret, respond stimuli. Astrocytes play an important role in shaping behavioral output, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. intrinsic extrinsic cues with calcium (Ca 2+ ) fluctuations, which highly heterogeneous across spatio-temporal scales, contexts, brain regions. This heterogeneity allows astrocytes exert dynamic regulatory effects on neuronal function but has made it challenging understand precise pathways linking astrocytic Ca specific outcomes, functional relevance of these signals remains unclear. Here, we review recent literature uncovering roles for signaling a wide array behaviors, including cognitive, homeostatic, affective focusing its physiological roles, potential pathological implications. We specifically highlight how different types linked distinct outcomes discuss limitations unanswered questions that remain be addressed.

Language: Английский

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A sensorimotor-association axis of thalamocortical connection development

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 14, 2024

Human cortical development follows a sensorimotor-to-association sequence during childhood and adolescence

Language: Английский

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Is criticality a unified set-point of brain function?

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

ABSTRACT Brains face selective pressure to optimize computation, broadly defined. This optimization is achieved by myriad mechanisms and processes that influence the brain’s computational state. These include development, plasticity, homeostasis, more. Despite enormous variability over time between individuals, do these diverse converge on same set-point? Is there a universal optimum around which healthy brain tunes itself? The criticality hypothesis posits such unified set-point. Criticality special dynamical state, defined internally-generated multi-scale, marginally-stable dynamics maximize many features of information processing. first experimental support for this emerged two decades ago, evidence has accumulated at an accelerating pace, despite contentious history. Here, we lay out logic as general end-point systematically review hypothesis. We perform meta-analysis 143 datasets from manuscripts published 2003 2024. To our surprise, find long-standing controversy in field product simple methodological choice no bearing underlying dynamics. Our results suggest new generation research can leverage concept criticality—as unifying principle function–to accelerate understanding behavior, cognition, disease.

Language: Английский

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