Species better track climate warming in the oceans than on land

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 4(8), P. 1044 - 1059

Published: May 25, 2020

Language: Английский

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The projected timing of abrupt ecological disruption from climate change

Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 580(7804), P. 496 - 501

Published: April 8, 2020

Language: Английский

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The geography of biodiversity change in marine and terrestrial assemblages

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 366(6463), P. 339 - 345

Published: Oct. 17, 2019

Spatial structure of species change Biodiversity is undergoing rapid driven by climate and other human influences. Blowes et al. analyze the global patterns in temporal biodiversity using a large quantity time-series data from different regions (see Perspective Eriksson Hillebrand). Their findings reveal clear spatial richness composition change, where marine taxa exhibit highest rates change. The tropics, particular, emerge as hotspots losses. Given that activities are affecting magnitudes directions differ across planet, these will provide much needed biogeographic understanding can help inform conservation prioritization. Science , this issue p. 339 ; see also 308

Language: Английский

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Thermal bottlenecks in the life cycle define climate vulnerability of fish

Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 369(6499), P. 65 - 70

Published: July 2, 2020

Some cope better than others Increasingly, research is revealing how organisms may, or may not, adapt to a changing climate. Understanding the limitations placed by species's physiology can help determine whether it has an immediate potential deal with rapid change. Many studies have looked at physiological tolerance climate change in fishes, results indicating range of responses. Dahlke et al. conducted meta-analysis explore life stage influence ability tolerate temperature (see Perspective Sunday). They found that embryos and breeding adult fishes are much more susceptible those other stages this factor must therefore be considered evaluations susceptibility. Science , issue p. 65 ; see also 35

Language: Английский

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Climate-Driven Shifts in Marine Species Ranges: Scaling from Organisms to Communities

Annual Review of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 153 - 179

Published: Sept. 10, 2019

The geographic distributions of marine species are changing rapidly, with leading range edges following climate poleward, deeper, and in other directions trailing often contracting similar directions. These shifts have their roots fine-scale interactions between organisms environment-including mosaics gradients temperature oxygen-mediated by physiology, behavior, evolution, dispersal, interactions. reassemble food webs can dramatic consequences. Compared on land, more sensitive to but a greater capacity for colonization. differences suggest that cope change at different spatial scales the two realms across wide key mechanism sea. Additional research is needed understand how processes interact promote or constrain shifts, dominant responses vary among species, emergent communities future ocean will function.

Language: Английский

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Temperature increase and its effects on fish stress physiology in the context of global warming

Journal of Fish Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 98(6), P. 1496 - 1508

Published: Oct. 28, 2020

Abstract The capacity of fishes to cope with environmental variation is considered be a main determinant their fitness and partly determined by stress physiology. By 2100, global ocean temperature expected rise 1–4°C, potential consequences for Global warming affecting animal populations worldwide through chronic increases an increase in the frequency extreme heatwave events. As ectotherms, are particularly vulnerable warming. Although little information available about effects on physiology nature, multiple studies describe controlled laboratory conditions, providing insight into what can wild. Chronic constitutes physiological load that alter ability additional stressors, which might compromise fitness. In addition, rapid known induce acute responses ecological relevance particular situations. This review summarizes knowledge discusses these context

Language: Английский

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Biological Impacts of Marine Heatwaves

Annual Review of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 119 - 145

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Climatic extremes are becoming increasingly common against a background trend of global warming. In the oceans, marine heatwaves (MHWs)-discrete periods anomalously warm water-have intensified and become more frequent over past century, impacting integrity ecosystems globally. We review synthesize current understanding MHW impacts at individual, population, community levels. then examine how these affect broader ecosystem services discuss state research on biological MHWs. Finally, we explore emergent approaches to predicting occurrence andimpacts future events, along with adaptation management approaches. With further increases in intensity frequency projected for coming decades, MHWs emerging as pervasive stressors A deeper mechanistic their is needed better predict adapt increased activity Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of ocean warming on kelp forest ecosystems

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 225(4), P. 1447 - 1454

Published: Aug. 10, 2019

Kelp forests represent some of the most diverse and productive habitats on Earth, provide a range ecosystem goods services which human populations depend. As distribution ecophysiology kelp species is strongly influenced by temperature, recent warming trends in many regions have been linked with concurrent changes populations, communities ecosystems. Over past decade, number reports ocean impacts has risen sharply. Here, I synthesise studies to highlight general patterns trends. While responses climate change vary greatly between basins, species, there compelling evidence show that poses an unequivocal threat persistence integrity forest ecosystems coming decades.

Language: Английский

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Thermal tolerance patterns across latitude and elevation

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 374(1778), P. 20190036 - 20190036

Published: June 17, 2019

Linking variation in species' traits to large-scale environmental gradients can lend insight into the evolutionary processes that have shaped functional diversity and future responses change. Here, we ask how heat cold tolerance vary as a function of latitude, elevation climate extremes, using an extensive global dataset ectotherm endotherm thermal limits, while accounting for methodological acclimation temperature, ramping rate duration exposure among studies. We show previously reported relationships between limits latitude ectotherms are robust methods. Heat terrestrial declined marginally towards higher latitudes did not with elevation, whereas freshwater marine more steeply latitude. By contrast, marine, intertidal, ectotherms, elevations on land. In all realms, both upper lower increased extreme daily suggesting different experienced extremes across realms explain patterns, predicted under Climate Extremes Hypothesis . Statistically improved model fits, slopes ambient temperature. Our results suggest fundamentally patterns found earth's may be largely explained by differences episodic updating macrophysiological ‘rules’. This article is part theme issue ‘Physiological diversity, biodiversity change: testing key hypotheses involving temperature oxygen’.

Language: Английский

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Global change biology: A primer

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 3 - 30

Published: Oct. 30, 2019

Abstract Because of human action, the Earth has entered an era where profound changes in global environment are creating novel conditions that will be discernable far into future. One consequence may a large reduction Earth's biodiversity, potentially representing sixth mass extinction. With effective stewardship, change drivers threaten biota could alleviated, but this requires clear understanding drivers, their interactions, and how they impact ecological communities. This review identifies 10 anthropogenic discusses six (atmospheric CO 2 enrichment, climate change, land transformation, species exploitation, exotic invasions, eutrophication) biodiversity. Driver impacts on particular positive or negative. In either case, initiate secondary responses cascade along lines connection doing so magnify initial impact. The unique nature threat to biodiversity is not simply due magnitude each driver, speed novelty interactions. Emphasizing one notably problematic because other also degrade together stability biosphere. As main academic journal addressing effects living systems, GCB well positioned provide leadership solving challenge. If humanity cannot meet challenge, then serve as leading chronicle extinction occur planet Earth.

Language: Английский

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