Where are we now with European forest multi-taxon biodiversity and where can we head to? DOI Creative Commons
Sabina Burrascano, Francesco Chianucci, Giovanni Trentanovi

et al.

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 284, P. 110176 - 110176

Published: June 30, 2023

The European biodiversity and forest strategies rely on sustainable management (SFM) to conserve biodiversity. However, current sustainability assessments hardly account for direct indicators. We focused multi-taxon to: i) gather map the existing information; ii) identify knowledge research gaps; iii) discuss its potential. established a network fit data species, standing trees, lying deadwood sampling unit description from 34 local datasets across 3591 units. A total of 8724 species were represented, with share common rare varying taxonomic classes: some included many several ones (e.g., Insecta); others Bryopsida) represented by few species. Tree-related structural attributes sampled in subset units (2889; 2356; 2309 1388 respectively diameter, height, microhabitats). Overall, studies are biased towards mature forests may underrepresent related other developmental phases. compositional categories all but beech over-represented as compared thermophilous boreal forests. Most (94%) referred habitat type conservation concern. Existing information support SFM in: (i) methodological harmonization coordinated monitoring; (ii) definition testing indicators thresholds; (iii) data-driven assessment effects environmental drivers biological functional diversity, (iv) multi-scale monitoring integrating in-situ remotely sensed information.

Language: Английский

Infectious disease in an era of global change DOI Open Access
Rachel E. Baker, Ayesha S. Mahmud, Ian F. Miller

et al.

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. 193 - 205

Published: Oct. 13, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

1239
Forest microbiome and global change DOI
Petr Baldrián, Rubén López‐Mondéjar, Petr Kohout

et al.

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(8), P. 487 - 501

Published: March 20, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

136
Dual nature of soil structure: The unity of aggregates and pores DOI Creative Commons
Anna Yudina, Yakov Kuzyakov

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 434, P. 116478 - 116478

Published: April 25, 2023

Soil is a hierarchical, self-organizing, and emergent system that supports plant microbial growth, enables carbon sequestration, facilitates water fluxes, provide habitat for microorganisms, all of which depend on soil structure. Recent debates have generally reduced functioning to geometry topology solids pores denied the existence role aggregates hierarchy solids. Here we argue structure has dual nature essentially boils down interlocking in groupings specific complexity dynamics called aggregates. By comparing their architectural, chemical, energetic parameters, conclude much higher information density than pores. Therefore, (as unity pores) perform broader range functions compared alone, especially long-term. A set corresponding each level depends aggregate type (macroaggregates, water-stable aggregates, microaggregates, elementary particles) determined by binding energy, dynamics, lifetime. The introduced here energy-based concept justifies structure, base structuring stabilization processes most general form. We understand implying approach: corresponds bonding strength mineral organic particles forming Aggregate formation bottom-up process because energy microaggregates orders magnitude gluing macroaggregates. duality manifested not only relationship between but also interactions competition biological non-biological disaggregate view pore space as transport pathway living phase roots, solid-pore interface setting physico-chemical transformations, result these phenomena, provides context mechanistic understanding process-based modeling health.

Language: Английский

Citations

118
The effect of natural disturbances on forest biodiversity: an ecological synthesis DOI Creative Commons
Mari‐Liis Viljur, Scott R. Abella, Martin Adámek

et al.

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 97(5), P. 1930 - 1947

Published: July 8, 2022

ABSTRACT Disturbances alter biodiversity via their specific characteristics, including severity and extent in the landscape, which act at different temporal spatial scales. Biodiversity response to disturbance also depends on community characteristics habitat requirements of species. Untangling mechanistic interplay these factors has guided ecology for decades, generating mixed scientific evidence responses disturbance. Understanding impact natural disturbances is increasingly important due human‐induced changes regimes. In many areas, major forest disturbances, such as wildfires, windstorms, insect outbreaks, are becoming more frequent, intense, severe, widespread climate change land‐use change. Conversely, suppression threatens disturbance‐dependent biota. Using a meta‐analytic approach, we analysed global data set (with most sampling concentrated temperate boreal secondary forests) species assemblages 26 taxonomic groups, plants, animals, fungi collected from forests affected by outbreaks. The overall effect α‐diversity did not differ significantly zero, but some groups responded positively disturbance, while others tended respond negatively. Disturbance was beneficial preferring conditions associated with open canopies (e.g. hymenopterans hoverflies), whereas ground‐dwelling and/or typically shady epigeic lichens mycorrhizal fungi) were likely be negatively impacted Across all highest disturbed patches occurred under moderate severity, i.e. approximately 55% trees killed We further extended our meta‐analysis applying unified diversity concept based Hill numbers estimate across gradient measured stand scale incorporating other features. found that number q = 0 1 2, indicating diversity–disturbance relationships shaped relative abundances. Our synthesis disturbance‐induced assemblages, revealed β‐diversity multiple level (birds woody plants). Finally, used rarefaction/extrapolation function proportion disturbed, landscape scale. comparison intact naturally both types provide unique mixture undisturbed peaked intermediate values simulated landscape. Hence, relationship between stands strikingly similar richness consisting habitats. This result suggests support levels contemporary landscapes.

Language: Английский

Citations

103
Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates DOI
Amy E. Zanne, Habacuc Flores‐Moreno, Jeff R. Powell

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(6613), P. 1440 - 1444

Published: Sept. 22, 2022

Deadwood is a large global carbon store with its size partially determined by biotic decay. Microbial wood decay rates are known to respond changing temperature and precipitation. Termites also important decomposers in the tropics but less well studied. An understanding of their climate sensitivities needed estimate change effects on pools. Using data from 133 sites spanning six continents, we found that termite discovery consumption were highly sensitive (with increasing >6.8 times per 10°C increase temperature)-even more so than microbes. Termite greatest tropical seasonal forests, savannas, subtropical deserts. With tropicalization (i.e., warming shifts climates), will likely as termites access Earth's surface.

Language: Английский

Citations

90
Protected areas and the future of insect conservation DOI Creative Commons
Shawan Chowdhury, Michael D. Jennions, Myron P. Zalucki

et al.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 85 - 95

Published: Oct. 5, 2022

Anthropogenic pressures are driving insect declines across the world. Although protected areas (PAs) play a prominent role in safeguarding many vertebrate species from human-induced threats, insects not widely considered when designing PA systems or building strategies for management. We review effectiveness of PAs conservation and find substantial taxonomic geographic gaps knowledge. Most research focuses on representation species, few studies assess threats to that effective management can conservation. propose four-step agenda help ensure central efforts expand global network under Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework.

Language: Английский

Citations

89
Weather explains the decline and rise of insect biomass over 34 years DOI
Jörg Müller, Torsten Hothorn, Ye Yuan

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 628(8007), P. 349 - 354

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

70
The global biomass and number of terrestrial arthropods DOI Creative Commons
Yuval Rosenberg, Yinon M. Bar-On, Amir Fromm

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(5)

Published: Feb. 3, 2023

Insects and other arthropods are central to terrestrial ecosystems. However, data lacking regarding their global population abundance. We synthesized thousands of evaluations from around 500 sites worldwide, estimating the absolute biomass abundance across different taxa habitats. found that there ≈1 × 1019 (twofold uncertainty range) soil on Earth, ≈95% which mites springtails. The contains ≈200 million metric tons (Mt) dry biomass. Termites contribute ≈40% biomass, much more than ants at ≈10%. Our estimate for above-ground is uncertain, highlighting a knowledge gap future research should aim close. combined all ≈300 Mt (uncertainty range, 100 500), similar mass humanity its livestock. These estimates enhance quantitative understanding in ecosystems provide an initial holistic benchmark decline.

Language: Английский

Citations

53
Three-quarters of insect species are insufficiently represented by protected areas DOI Creative Commons
Shawan Chowdhury, Myron P. Zalucki, Jeffrey O. Hanson

et al.

One Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(2), P. 139 - 146

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

49
Taxonomic and carbon metabolic diversification of Bathyarchaeia during its coevolution history with early Earth surface environment DOI Creative Commons
Jialin Hou, Yinzhao Wang, Pengfei Zhu

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(27)

Published: July 5, 2023

Bathyarchaeia, as one of the most abundant microorganisms on Earth, play vital roles in global carbon cycle. However, our understanding their origin, evolution, and ecological functions remains poorly constrained. Here, we present largest dataset Bathyarchaeia metagenome assembled genome to date reclassify into eight order-level units corresponding former subgroup system. Highly diversified versatile metabolisms were found among different orders, particularly atypical C1 metabolic pathways, indicating that represent overlooked important methylotrophs. Molecular dating results indicate diverged at ~3.3 billion years, followed by three major diversifications ~3.0, ~2.5, ~1.8 1.7 likely driven continental emergence, growth, intensive submarine volcanism, respectively. The lignin-degrading clade emerged ~300 million years perhaps contributed sharply decreased sequestration rate during Late Carboniferous period. evolutionary history potentially has been shaped geological forces, which, turn, affected Earth's surface environment.

Language: Английский

Citations

48