Brain-inspired methods for achieving robust computation in heterogeneous mixed-signal neuromorphic processing systems

Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. 034002 - 034002

Published: July 11, 2023

Abstract Neuromorphic processing systems implementing spiking neural networks with mixed signal analog/digital electronic circuits and/or memristive devices represent a promising technology for edge computing applications that require low power, latency, and cannot connect to the cloud off-line processing, either due lack of connectivity or privacy concerns. However, these are typically noisy imprecise, because they affected by device-to-device variability, operate extremely small currents. So achieving reliable computation high accuracy following this approach is still an open challenge has hampered progress on one hand limited widespread adoption other. By construction, hardware have many constraints biologically plausible, such as heterogeneity non-negativity parameters. More more evidence showing applying artificial networks, including those used in intelligence, promotes robustness learning improves their reliability. Here we delve even into neuroscience present network-level brain-inspired strategies further improve reliability neuromorphic systems: quantify, chip measurements, what extent population averaging effective reducing variability responses, demonstrate experimentally how coding cortical models allow silicon neurons produce representations, show robustly implement essential computational primitives, selective amplification, restoration, working memory, relational exploiting strategies. We argue can be instrumental guiding design robust ultra-low power implemented using imprecise substrates subthreshold emerging memory technologies.

Language: Английский

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Small-field visual projection neurons detect translational optic flow and support walking control

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 22, 2023

SUMMARY Animals rely on visual motion for navigating the world, and research in flies has clarified how neural circuits extract information from moving scenes. However, major pathways connecting these patterns of optic flow to behavior remain poorly understood. Using a high-throughput quantitative assay visually guided behaviors genetic neuronal silencing, we discovered region Drosophila ’s protocerebrum critical following. We used calcium imaging, optogenetics identify single cell type, LPC1, that innervates this region, detects translational flow, plays key role regulating forward walking. Moreover, population LPC1s can estimate travelling direction, such as when gaze direction diverges body heading. By linking specific types their computations behaviors, our findings establish foundation understanding nervous system uses vision guide navigation.

Language: Английский

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Olfactory navigation in arthropods

Journal of Comparative Physiology A, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 209(4), P. 467 - 488

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Abstract Using odors to find food and mates is one of the most ancient highly conserved behaviors. Arthropods from flies moths crabs use broadly similar strategies navigate toward odor sources—such as integrating flow information with information, comparing concentration across sensors, over time. Because arthropods share many homologous brain structures—antennal lobes for processing olfactory mechanosensors flow, mushroom bodies (or hemi-ellipsoid bodies) associative learning, central complexes navigation, it likely that these closely related behaviors are mediated by neural circuits. However, differences in types they seek, physics dispersal, locomotion water, air, on substrates mean circuits must have adapted generate a wide diversity odor-seeking In this review, we discuss common specializations observed navigation behavior arthropods, review our current knowledge about subserving behavior. We propose comparative study arthropod nervous systems may provide insight into how set basic circuit structures has diversified different environments.

Language: Английский

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The conserved RNA-binding protein Imp is required for the specification and function of olfactory navigation circuitry in Drosophila

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(3), P. 473 - 488.e6

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Complex behaviors depend on the precise developmental specification of neuronal circuits, but relationship between genetic programs for neural development, circuit structure, and behavioral output is often unclear. The central complex (CX) a conserved sensory-motor integration center in insects, which governs many higher-order largely derives from small number type II stem cells (NSCs). Here, we show that Imp, IGF-II mRNA-binding protein expressed NSCs, plays role specifying essential components CX olfactory navigation circuitry. We following: (1) multiple circuitry arise NSCs. (2) Manipulating Imp expression NSCs alters morphology these elements, with most potent effects neurons targeting ventral layers fan-shaped body (FB). (3) regulates Tachykinin-expressing FB input neurons. (4) required establishing proper neuropil structures. (5) Loss abolishes upwind orientation to attractive odor while leaving locomotion odor-evoked regulation movement intact. Taken together, our findings establish temporally gene can regulate behavior by developmentally regulating provides first step toward dissection its roles behavior.

Language: Английский

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Wind gates olfaction-driven search states in free flight

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(19), P. 4397 - 4411.e6

Published: July 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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