Integrative neurocircuits that control metabolism and food intake

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 381(6665)

Published: Sept. 28, 2023

Systemic metabolism has to be constantly adjusted the variance of food intake and even prepared for anticipated changes in nutrient availability. Therefore, brain integrates multiple homeostatic signals with numerous cues that predict future deviations energy supply. Recently, our understanding neural pathways underlying these regulatory principles-as well as their convergence hypothalamus key coordinator intake, expenditure, glucose metabolism-have been revealed. These advances have changed view brain-dependent control metabolic physiology. In this Review, we discuss new concepts about how alterations contribute development prevalent diseases such obesity type 2 diabetes mellitus emerging knowledge may provide targets treatment.

Language: Английский

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An airway-to-brain sensory pathway mediates influenza-induced sickness

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 615(7953), P. 660 - 667

Published: March 8, 2023

Abstract Pathogen infection causes a stereotyped state of sickness that involves neuronally orchestrated behavioural and physiological changes 1,2 . On infection, immune cells release ‘storm’ cytokines other mediators, many which are detected by neurons 3,4 ; yet, the responding neural circuits neuro–immune interaction mechanisms evoke behaviour during naturalistic infections remain unclear. Over-the-counter medications such as aspirin ibuprofen widely used to alleviate act blocking prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis 5 A leading model is PGE2 crosses blood–brain barrier directly engages hypothalamic 2 Here, using genetic tools broadly cover peripheral sensory neuron atlas, we instead identified small population PGE2-detecting glossopharyngeal (petrosal GABRA1 neurons) essential for influenza-induced in mice. Ablating petrosal or targeted knockout receptor 3 (EP3) these eliminates decreases food intake, water intake mobility early-stage improves survival. Genetically guided anatomical mapping revealed project mucosal regions nasopharynx with increased expression cyclooxygenase-2 after also display specific axonal targeting pattern brainstem. Together, findings reveal primary airway-to-brain pathway detects locally produced prostaglandins mediates systemic responses respiratory virus infection.

Language: Английский

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Vagal sensory neurons mediate the Bezold–Jarisch reflex and induce syncope

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 623(7986), P. 387 - 396

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Visceral sensory pathways mediate homeostatic reflexes, the dysfunction of which leads to many neurological disorders

Language: Английский

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Dissociable hindbrain GLP1R circuits for satiety and aversion

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 632(8025), P. 585 - 593

Published: July 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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The neurobiology of interoception and affect

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(7), P. 643 - 661

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Biofilm exopolysaccharides alter sensory-neuron-mediated sickness during lung infection

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187(8), P. 1874 - 1888.e14

Published: March 21, 2024

Language: Английский

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Brainstem Dbh+ neurons control allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 631(8021), P. 601 - 609

Published: July 10, 2024

Exaggerated airway constriction triggered by repeated exposure to allergen, also called hyperreactivity, is a hallmark of asthma. Whereas vagal sensory neurons are known function in allergen-induced hyperreactivity

Language: Английский

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Skeletal interoception in bone homeostasis and pain

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(12), P. 1914 - 1931

Published: Oct. 17, 2022

Language: Английский

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Organ- and function-specific anatomical organization of vagal fibers supports fascicular vagus nerve stimulation

Brain stimulation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 484 - 506

Published: Feb. 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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Sequential appetite suppression by oral and visceral feedback to the brainstem

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 624(7990), P. 130 - 137

Published: Nov. 22, 2023

Abstract The termination of a meal is controlled by dedicated neural circuits in the caudal brainstem. A key challenge to understand how these transform sensory signals generated during feeding into dynamic control behaviour. nucleus solitary tract (cNTS) first site brain where many meal-related are sensed and integrated 1–4 , but cNTS processes ingestive feedback behaviour unknown. Here we describe prolactin-releasing hormone (PRLH) GCG neurons, two principal cell types that promote non-aversive satiety, regulated ingestion. PRLH neurons showed sustained activation visceral when nutrients were infused stomach, responses substantially reduced oral consumption. Instead, shifted phasic activity pattern was time-locked ingestion linked taste food. Optogenetic manipulations revealed duration seconds-timescale bursts, revealing mechanism which orosensory feed back restrain pace By contrast, activated mechanical from gut, tracked amount food consumed promoted satiety lasted for tens minutes. These findings reveal sequential negative mouth gut engage distinct brainstem, turn elements operating on short long timescales.

Language: Английский

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