Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(1)
Published: Dec. 18, 2024
Measles
live
attenuated
vaccine
(MV)
induces
strong
humoral
and
cellular
systemic
memory
responses
allowing
the
successful
control
of
measles
since
decades.
MV
has
also
been
adapted
into
a
promising
platform
with
several
candidates
in
clinical
development.
To
understand
document
tissue-scaled
response
induced
by
MV,
we
explored
specific
induction
persistence
resident
T
cells
(Trm)
lungs
liver,
two
critical
targeted
tissues
for
development
against
diseases.
Trm
are
subset
non-circulating
highly
specialized
cells.
They
found
at
multiple
barrier
mucosal
sites,
conveniently
positioned
to
rapidly
react
pathogens.
The
different
is
therefore
We
demonstrated
mice
rapid
generation
MV-specific
vectorized
antigen-specific
liver
after
single
dose,
whatever
route
immunization.
intranasal
more
than
other
routes,
confirming
potential
administration
replicative
viral
vectors
generate
pulmonary
immune
response.
were
functionally
active,
CD8+
secreting
granzyme
B
upon
vitro
restimulation
CD4+
IFN-γ
TNF-α.
confirmed
human
lymphocytes
this
tissue
tropism
showing
an
overexpression
homing
receptors
directing
them
epithelial
inflamed
tissues.
Vaccination
strategies
able
induce
key
sites
represent
field
improve
current
vaccines,
prioritize
platforms
design
future
vaccines
enhanced
protective
efficacy.
Theoretical and Natural Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
69(1), P. 78 - 84
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
Following
the
pandemic
in
2020,
physical
health
has
generally
declined.
All
of
this
is
brought
on
by
modifications
to
body's
immune
system
and
consequences
sequelae.
The
current
research
gap
caused
neglect
COVID-19's
after
effects.
In
paper,
relationship
between
changes,
complications
their
conditions
was
studied,
preliminary
results
harm
prevention
sequelae
were
obtained.
system's
alterations
during
epidemic
infection
its
are
main
topics
article,
including
cytokine
storms,
inflammatory
responses,
changes
cells.
At
same
time,
article
explores
underlying
conditions,
such
as
chronic
diseases
autoimmune
diseases,
they
cause.
Through
observation
analysis
later
stages
epidemic,
reasons
for
general
decline
people's
fitness
system.
future,
it
hoped
that
there
will
be
improvements
disease
measures
diseases.
Science Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
10(104)
Published: Feb. 7, 2025
Cross-reactive
αβ
T
cell
receptors
(TCRs)
recognizing
multiple
peptide
variants
can
provide
effective
control
of
rapidly
evolving
viruses
yet
remain
understudied.
By
screening
12
naturally
occurring
influenza-derived
HLA-B*35:01–restricted
nucleoprotein
(NP)
418–426
epitopes
(B*35:01-NP
418
)
that
emerged
since
1918
within
influenza
A
viruses,
including
2024
A/H5N1
we
identified
functional
broadly
cross-reactive
cells
universally
NP
variants.
Binding
studies
demonstrated
TCR
cross-reactivity
was
concomitant
with
diminished
antigen
sensitivity.
Primary
human
B*35:01/NP
+
CD8
lines
displayed
reduced
in
the
absence
coreceptor
binding,
validating
low
avidity
B*35:01-NP
responses.
Six
TCR–HLA-B*35:01/NP
crystal
structures
showed
how
TCRs
recognized
epitope
Specific
interactions
were
formed
invariant
and
conserved
peptide-HLA
features,
thus
remaining
distal
from
highly
varied
positions
epitope.
Our
study
defines
molecular
mechanisms
associated
extensive
toward
viral
relevant
to
universal
protective
immunity
against
influenza.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: April 30, 2025
NF-κB
is
a
crucial
transcription
factor
in
lymphocyte
signaling.
It
activated
by
environmental
cues
that
drive
differentiation
to
combat
infections
and
cancer.
As
key
player
inflammation,
also
significantly
impacts
autoimmunity
transplant
rejection,
making
it
an
important
therapeutic
target.
While
the
signaling
molecules
regulating
this
pathway
are
well-studied,
effect
of
changes
levels
on
T
differentiation,
fate,
function
not
fully
understood.
Advances
computational
biology
new
NF-κB-inducible
animal
models
beginning
clarify
these
questions.
In
review,
we
highlight
recent
findings
related
cells,
focusing
how
affecting
determine
cell
fate
function.
Mucosal Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 1, 2025
Intranasal
vaccines
potentially
offer
superior
protection
against
viral
infections
compared
with
injectable
vaccines.
The
immunogenicity
of
intranasal
including
adenovirus
vector
(AdV),
has
room
for
improvement,
while
few
options
are
available
safe
execution.
In
this
study,
we
demonstrate
that
modifying
a
basic
parameter
vaccine
formulation,
i.e.,
osmolarity,
can
significantly
enhance
the
Addition
glycerol
to
AdV
solutions,
unlike
other
viscous
additives,
enhanced
systemic
and
mucosal
antibodies
as
well
resident
memory
T
cells
in
nasal
tissues,
which
could
protect
tissue
lungs
influenza
virus.
While
not
prolong
retention
solutes,
it
promoted
infection
epithelial
by
facilitating
access
cell.
was
induced
hypertonicity
preparations
sodium
chloride,
glucose,
mannitol
demonstrated
capacity
immunogenicity.
Moreover,
hypertonic
adjuvanted
subunit
vaccines,
but
without
adjuvant
or
Overall,
delivery
be
improved
through
simple
approach,
resulting
stronger
certain
