Advances in Drug and Alcohol Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4
Published: Jan. 24, 2024
The
World
Health
Organization’s
epidemiological
data
from
2016
revealed
that
while
57%
of
the
global
population
aged
15
years
or
older
had
abstained
drinking
alcohol
in
previous
year,
more
than
half
Americas,
Europe,
and
Western
Pacific
consumed
alcohol.
spectrum
use
behavior
is
broad:
low-risk
(sensible
moderation),
at-risk
(e.g.,
binge
drinking),
harmful
(misuse)
dependence
(alcoholism;
addiction;
disorder).
misuse
associated
with
transition
to
dependence,
as
well
many
damaging
health
outcomes
preventable
causes
premature
death.
Recent
conceptualizations
posit
subjective
experience
pain
may
be
a
significant
contributing
factor
across
behavior.
This
narrative
review
summarizes
effects
at
all
levels
system.
system
includes
nociceptors
sensory
indicators
potentially
dangerous
stimuli
tissue
damage
(nociception),
spinal
circuits
mediating
defensive
reflexes,
most
importantly,
supraspinal
nocifensive
behaviors
perception
pain.
Although
functional
importance
protect
injury
further
future
damage,
chronic
emerge
despite
recovery
from,
absence
of,
biological
(i.e.,
nociception).
Like
other
perceptual
systems,
construction
contingent
on
information
history
individual
experiences
learning
memory).
Neuroadaptations
brain
plasticity
underlying
memory
basic
physiological
functions
can
also
result
pathological
conditions
such
addiction.
Moreover,
negative
affective/emotional
aspect
provides
embodied
motivational
components
play
substantial
role
dependence.
Nature,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
611(7935), P. 405 - 412
Published: Nov. 2, 2022
Abstract
Solid
tumours
are
innervated
by
nerve
fibres
that
arise
from
the
autonomic
and
sensory
peripheral
nervous
systems
1–5
.
Whether
neo-innervation
of
pain-initiating
neurons
affects
cancer
immunosurveillance
remains
unclear.
Here
we
show
melanoma
cells
interact
with
nociceptor
neurons,
leading
to
increases
in
their
neurite
outgrowth,
responsiveness
noxious
ligands
neuropeptide
release.
Calcitonin
gene-related
peptide
(CGRP)—one
such
nociceptor-produced
neuropeptide—directly
exhaustion
cytotoxic
CD8
+
T
cells,
which
limits
capacity
eliminate
melanoma.
Genetic
ablation
TRPV1
lineage,
local
pharmacological
silencing
nociceptors
antagonism
CGRP
receptor
RAMP1
all
reduced
tumour-infiltrating
leukocytes
decreased
growth
tumours,
nearly
tripling
survival
rate
mice
were
inoculated
B16F10
cells.
Conversely,
cell
was
rescued
sensory-neuron-depleted
treated
recombinant
CGRP.
As
compared
wild-type
Ramp1
−/
−
protected
against
when
co-transplanted
into
tumour-bearing
Rag1
-deficient
mice.
Single-cell
RNA
sequencing
biopsies
patients
revealed
intratumoral
-expressing
more
exhausted
than
-negative
counterparts,
whereas
overexpression
correlated
a
poorer
clinical
prognosis.
Overall,
our
results
suggest
reducing
release
tumour-innervating
could
be
strategy
improve
anti-tumour
immunity
eliminating
immunomodulatory
effects
on
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: Feb. 11, 2022
Abstract
Optogenetic
methods
provide
efficient
cell-specific
modulations,
and
the
ability
of
simultaneous
neural
activation
inhibition
in
same
brain
region
freely
moving
animals
is
highly
desirable.
Here
we
report
bidirectional
neuronal
activity
manipulation
accomplished
by
a
wireless,
dual-color
optogenetic
probe
synergy
with
co-expression
two
spectrally
distinct
opsins
(ChrimsonR
stGtACR2)
rodent
model.
The
flexible
comprises
vertically
assembled,
thin-film
microscale
light-emitting
diodes
lateral
dimension
125
×
180
µm
2
,
showing
colocalized
red
blue
emissions
enabling
chronic
vivo
operations
desirable
biocompatibilities.
Red
or
irradiations
deterministically
evoke
silence
neurons
co-expressing
opsins.
interferes
dopaminergic
ventral
tegmental
area
mice,
increasing
decreasing
dopamine
levels.
Such
regulations
further
generate
rewarding
aversive
behaviors
interrogate
social
interactions
among
multiple
mice.
These
technologies
create
numerous
opportunities
implications
for
research.
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: April 19, 2022
Optogenetic
is
a
technique
that
combines
optics
and
genetics
to
control
specific
neurons.
This
usually
uses
adenoviruses
encode
photosensitive
protein.
The
adenovirus
may
concentrate
in
neural
region.
By
shining
light
on
the
target
nerve
region,
protein
encoded
by
controlled.
Photosensitive
proteins
controlled
can
selectively
allow
ions
inside
outside
cell
membrane
pass
through,
resulting
inhibition
or
activation
effects.
Due
high
precision
minimally
invasive,
optogenetics
has
achieved
good
results
many
fields,
especially
field
of
neuron
functions
circuits.
Significant
advances
have
also
been
made
study
clinical
diseases.
review
focuses
research
neurobiology.
These
include
how
use
cells,
circuits,
treat
diseases
changing
state
We
hoped
this
will
give
comprehensive
understanding
progress
Journal of Neural Engineering,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
18(3), P. 031001 - 031001
Published: March 8, 2021
Peripheral
nerve
interfaces
(PNIs)
record
and/or
modulate
neural
activity
of
nerves,
which
are
responsible
for
conducting
sensory-motor
information
to
and
from
the
central
nervous
system,
regulating
inner
organs.
PNIs
used
both
in
neuroscience
research
therapeutical
applications
such
as
precise
closed-loop
control
neuroprosthetic
limbs,
treatment
neuropathic
pain
restoration
vital
functions
(e.g.
breathing
bladder
management).
Implantable
represent
an
attractive
solution
directly
access
peripheral
nerves
provide
enhanced
selectivity
recording
stimulation,
compared
their
non-invasive
counterparts.
Nevertheless,
long-term
functionality
implantable
is
limited
by
tissue
damage,
occurs
at
implant-tissue
interface,
thus
highly
dependent
on
material
properties,
biocompatibility
implant
design.
Current
focuses
development
mechanically
compliant
PNIs,
adapt
anatomy
dynamic
movements
body
thereby
limiting
foreign
response.
In
this
paper,
we
review
recent
progress
flexible
highlighting
promising
solutions
related
materials
selection
associated
fabrication
methods,
integrated
functions.
We
report
variety
available
interface
designs
(intraneural,
extraneural
regenerative)
different
modulation
techniques
(electrical,
optical,
chemical)
emphasizing
main
challenges
with
integrating
systems
substrates.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: April 12, 2021
Bidirectional
interplay
between
the
peripheral
immune
and
nervous
systems
plays
a
crucial
role
in
maintaining
homeostasis
responding
to
noxious
stimuli.
This
crosstalk
is
facilitated
by
variety
of
cytokines,
inflammatory
mediators
neuropeptides.
Dysregulation
this
delicate
physiological
balance
implicated
pathological
mechanisms
various
skin
disorders
neuropathies.
The
highly
complex
biological
structure
within
which
sensory
nerve
terminals
cells
colocalise.
Herein,
we
provide
an
overview
innervation
resident
skin.
We
discuss
modulation
cutaneous
response
neurons
their
(e.g.,
nociceptor-derived
neuropeptides),
neuron
regulation
nociceptor
sensitization
immune-derived
mediators).
In
particular,
recent
findings
concerning
neuroimmune
communication
infections,
psoriasis,
allergic
contact
dermatitis
atopic
dermatitis.
then
summarize
evidence
context
neuropathic
pain
states,
including
chemotherapy-induced
neuropathy,
diabetic
polyneuropathy,
post-herpetic
neuralgia,
HIV-induced
as
well
entrapment
traumatic
Finally,
highlight
future
promise
emerging
therapies
associated
with
pain.