Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: Sept. 23, 2022
Immune-mediated
inflammatory
diseases(IMIDs)
are
referred
to
as
highly
disabling
chronic
diseases
affecting
different
organs
and
systems.
Inappropriate
or
excessive
immune
responses
with
inflammation
typical
manifestations.
Usually
in
patients
infection
cancer,
due
long-term
exposure
persistent
antigens
microenvironment,
T-cells
continuously
stimulated
gradually
differentiate
into
an
exhausted
state.
Exhausted
lose
effector
function
characteristics
of
memory
T-cells.
However,
existing
studies
have
found
that
not
only
present
the
tumor
environment,
but
also
autoimmunity,
associated
better
prognosis
IMIDs.
This
suggests
new
prospects
for
application
this
reversible
process
T-cell
exhaustion
treatment
IMID.
review
will
focus
on
research
progress
several
IMIDs
its
potential
diagnosis
Arthritis & Rheumatology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
73(2), P. 232 - 243
Published: Oct. 30, 2020
Objective
Changes
in
gut
microbiota
have
been
linked
to
systemic
lupus
erythematosus
(SLE),
but
knowledge
is
limited.
Our
study
aimed
provide
an
in‐depth
understanding
of
the
contribution
immunopathogenesis
SLE.
Methods
Fecal
metagenomes
from
117
patients
with
untreated
SLE
and
52
posttreatment
were
aligned
115
matched
healthy
controls
analyzed
by
whole‐genome
profiling.
For
comparison,
we
assessed
fecal
metagenome
MRL/
lpr
mice.
The
oral
origin
species
that
existed
was
documented
single‐nucleotide
polymorphism–based
strain‐level
analyses.
Functional
validation
assays
performed
demonstrate
molecular
mimicry
newly
found
microbial
peptides.
Results
Gut
individuals
displayed
significant
differences
composition
function
compared
controls.
Certain
species,
including
Clostridium
ATCC
BAA‐442
as
well
Atopobium
rimae
,
Shuttleworthia
satelles
Actinomyces
massiliensis
Bacteroides
fragilis
leptum
enriched
reduced
after
treatment.
Enhanced
lipopolysaccharide
biosynthesis
branched
chain
amino
acid
observed
patients.
findings
mice
consistent
our
human
subjects.
Interestingly,
some
demonstrated
proinflammatory
capacities
peptides
derived
SLE‐enriched
species.
Conclusion
This
provides
detailed
information
on
SLE,
their
functional
signatures,
similarities
murine
counterparts,
origin,
definition
autoantigen‐mimicking
data
microbiome‐altering
approaches
may
offer
valuable
adjuvant
therapies
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: April 1, 2021
Regulatory
T
cells
(Treg)
are
crucial
for
the
maintenance
of
peripheral
tolerance
and
control
ongoing
inflammation
autoimmunity.
The
cytokine
interleukin-2
(IL-2)
is
essentially
required
growth
survival
Treg
in
lymphatic
tissues
thus
plays
a
vital
role
biology
Treg.
Most
autoimmune
rheumatic
diseases
exhibit
disturbances
either
at
numerical
or
functional
level
resulting
an
imbalance
between
protective
pathogenic
immune
cells.
In
addition,
some
diseases,
relative
deficiency
IL-2
develops
during
disease
pathogenesis
leading
to
disturbance
homeostasis,
which
further
amplifies
vicious
cycle
breach
chronic
inflammation.
Low-dose
therapy
aims
compensate
this
restore
physiological
state
strengthen
population
order
be
more
effective
counter-regulating
while
avoiding
global
immunosuppression.
Here
we
highlight
key
findings
summarize
recent
advances
clinical
translation
low-dose
treatment
diseases.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: May 25, 2022
Autoimmune
diseases
are
a
group
of
heterogeneous
with
diverse
clinical
manifestations
that
can
be
divided
into
systemic
and
organ-specific.
The
common
etiology
autoimmune
is
the
destruction
immune
tolerance
production
autoantibodies,
which
attack
specific
tissues
and/or
organs
in
body.
pathogenesis
complicated,
genetic,
environmental,
infectious,
even
psychological
factors
work
together
to
cause
aberrant
innate
adaptive
responses.
Although
exact
mechanisms
unclear,
recently,
excessive
exacerbation
pyroptosis,
as
bond
between
immunity,
has
been
proven
play
crucial
role
development
disease.
Pyroptosis
characterized
by
pore
formation
on
cell
membranes,
well
rupture
excretion
intracellular
contents
pro-inflammatory
cytokines,
such
IL-1β
IL-18.
This
overactive
inflammatory
programmed
death
disrupts
system
homeostasis
promotes
autoimmunity.
review
examines
molecular
structure
classical
inflammasomes,
including
NLRP3,
AIM2,
P2X7-NLRP3,
switches
their
regulation
mechanisms.
sophisticated
pyroptosis
pathways,
canonical
caspase-1-mediated
pathway,
noncanonical
caspase-4/5/11-mediated
emerging
caspase-3-mediated
caspase-independent
also
described.
We
highlight
recent
advances
diseases,
lupus
erythematosus,
rheumatoid
arthritis,
bowel
disease,
Sjögren’s
syndrome
dermatomyositis,
attempt
identify
its
potential
advantages
therapeutic
target
or
prognostic
marker
these
diseases.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Feb. 27, 2023
Abstract
Dysregulation
of
Th17
and
Treg
cells
contributes
to
the
pathophysiology
many
autoimmune
diseases.
Herein,
we
show
that
itaconate,
an
immunomodulatory
metabolite,
inhibits
cell
differentiation
promotes
by
orchestrating
metabolic
epigenetic
reprogramming.
Mechanistically,
itaconate
suppresses
glycolysis
oxidative
phosphorylation
in
Th17-
Treg-polarizing
T
cells.
Following
treatment
with
S-adenosyl-L-methionine/S-adenosylhomocysteine
ratio
2-hydroxyglutarate
levels
are
decreased
inhibiting
synthetic
enzyme
activities
cells,
respectively.
Consequently,
these
changes
associated
altered
chromatin
accessibility
essential
transcription
factors
key
gene
expression
differentiation,
including
RORγt
binding
at
Il17a
promoter.
The
adoptive
transfer
itaconate-treated
Th17-polarizing
ameliorates
experimental
encephalomyelitis.
These
results
indicate
is
a
crucial
regulator
for
Th17/Treg
balance
could
be
potential
therapeutic
agent
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Nov. 20, 2023
Abstract
Deregulated
inflammations
induced
by
various
factors
are
one
of
the
most
common
diseases
in
people's
daily
life,
while
severe
inflammation
can
even
lead
to
death.
Thus,
efficient
treatment
has
always
been
hot
topic
research
medicine.
In
past
decades,
as
a
potential
biomaterial,
stimuli‐responsive
hydrogels
have
focus
attention
for
due
their
excellent
biocompatibility
and
design
flexibility.
Recently,
thanks
rapid
development
nanotechnology
material
science,
more
efforts
made
develop
safer,
personal
effective
therapy
some
frequent
but
tough
such
sepsis,
rheumatoid
arthritis,
osteoarthritis,
periodontitis,
ulcerative
colitis.
Herein,
from
recent
studies
articles,
conventional
emerging
delivery
anti‐inflammatory
drugs
summarized.
And
prospects
clinical
translation
future
also
discussed
further
detail.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: March 27, 2024
Abstract
Systemic
Lupus
Erythematosus
(SLE)
is
a
progressive
disease
leading
to
immune-mediated
tissue
damage,
associated
with
an
alteration
of
lymphoid
organs.
Therapeutic
strategies
involving
regulatory
T
(Treg)
lymphocytes,
which
physiologically
quench
autoimmunity
and
support
long-term
immune
tolerance,
are
considered,
as
conventional
treatment
often
fails.
We
describe
here
therapeutic
strategy
based
on
Tregs
overexpressing
FoxP3
harboring
anti-CD19
CAR
(Fox19CAR-Tregs).
Fox19CAR-Tregs
efficiently
suppress
proliferation
activity
B
cells
in
vitro,
relevant
for
SLE
pathogenesis.
In
humanized
mouse
model
SLE,
single
infusion
restricts
autoantibody
generation,
delay
lymphopenia
(a
key
feature
SLE)
restore
the
human
system
composition
organs,
without
detectable
toxicity.
Although
short
survival,
target
organs
appear
be
protected.
summary,
can
break
vicious
cycle
persistent
representing
efficacious
safe
allowing
restoration
homeostasis
SLE.
