Seminars in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
69, P. 101801 - 101801
Published: June 26, 2023
Vaccination
is
an
excellent
strategy
to
limit
the
morbidity
and
mortality
associated
with
infectious
disease.
creates
protective,
long-lived
antibody-mediated
immunity
by
inducing
germinal
centre
response,
intricate
immune
reaction
that
produces
memory
B
cells
antibody-secreting
plasma
provide
protection
against
(re)infection.
The
magnitude
quality
of
response
declines
age,
contributing
poor
vaccine-induced
in
older
individuals.
T
follicular
helper
are
essential
for
formation
function
response.
This
review
will
discuss
how
age-dependent
changes
influence
evidence
need
not
be
a
barrier
successful
vaccination
later
years
life.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: June 19, 2023
T
cells
are
crucial
for
immune
functions
to
maintain
health
and
prevent
disease.
cell
development
occurs
in
a
stepwise
process
the
thymus
mainly
generates
CD4
Trends in cancer,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(4), P. 309 - 325
Published: Jan. 14, 2023
T
follicular
helper
(Tfh)
cells
provide
essential
help
to
B
for
effective
antibody-mediated
immune
responses.
Although
the
crucial
function
of
these
CD4+
in
infection
and
vaccination
is
well
established,
their
involvement
cancer
only
beginning
emerge.
Increased
numbers
Tfh
cell-derived
or
cell-associated
malignancies
are
often
associated
with
an
unfavorable
outcome,
whereas
various
solid
organ
tumor
types
non-lymphocytic
origin,
presence
frequently
coincides
a
better
prognosis.
We
discuss
recent
advances
understanding
how
cell
crosstalk
CD8+
secondary
tertiary
lymphoid
structures
(TLS)
enhances
antitumor
immunity,
but
may
also
exacerbate
immune-related
adverse
events
(irAEs)
such
as
autoimmunity
during
checkpoint
blockade
(ICB)
immunotherapy.
Science Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(80)
Published: Feb. 3, 2023
In
antibody
responses,
mutated
germinal
center
B
(B
GC
)
cells
are
positively
selected
for
reentry
or
differentiation.
As
the
products
from
GCs,
memory
and
antibody-secreting
(ASCs)
support
high-affinity
long-lasting
immunity.
Positive
selection
of
is
controlled
by
signals
received
through
cell
receptor
(BCR)
follicular
helper
T
(T
FH
cell–derived
signals,
in
particular
costimulation
CD40.
Here,
we
demonstrate
that
effector
cytokine
interleukin-21
(IL-21)
joins
BCR
CD40
supporting
reveal
strong
IL-21
signaling
prioritizes
ASC
differentiation
vivo.
cells,
compared
with
non-B
show
significantly
reduced
binding
attenuated
signaling,
which
mediated
low
cellular
heparan
sulfate
(HS)
sulfation.
Mechanistically,
N-deacetylase
N-sulfotransferase
1
(Ndst1)–mediated
N-sulfation
HS
promotes
signal
strength.
Ndst1
down-regulated
up-regulated
precursors,
suggesting
selective
desensitization
to
cells.
Thus,
specialized
biochemical
regulation
bioavailability
strength
sets
a
balance
between
stringency
efficiency
selection.
A
defining
feature
of
successful
vaccination
is
the
ability
to
induce
long-lived
antigen-specific
memory
cells.
T
follicular
helper
(Tfh)
cells
specialize
in
providing
help
B
mounting
protective
humoral
immunity
infection
and
after
vaccination.
Memory
Tfh
that
retain
CXCR5
expression
can
confer
protection
through
enhancing
response
upon
antigen
re-exposure
but
how
they
are
maintained
poorly
understood.
+
human
blood
divided
into
Tfh1,
Tfh2,
Tfh17
by
chemokine
receptors
CXCR3
CCR6
associated
with
Th1
Th17,
respectively.
Here,
we
developed
a
new
method
Tfh17-like
(iTfh1,
iTfh2,
iTfh17)
mouse
vitro.
Although
all
three
iTfh
subsets
efficiently
support
antibody
responses
recipient
mice
immediate
immunization,
iTfh17
superior
iTfh1
iTfh2
supporting
later
immunization
extended
resting
vivo
mimic
maintenance.
Notably,
counterpart
selectively
enriched
CCR7
central
survival
proliferative
advantages.
Furthermore,
analysis
multiple
cohorts
received
different
vaccines
for
HBV,
influenza
virus,
tetanus
toxin
or
measles
revealed
vaccine-specific
outcompete
Tfh1
Tfh2
persistence
phase.
Therefore,
complementary
results
showing
advantage
maintenance
function
supports
notion
Tfh17-induced
might
be
preferable
vaccine
development
long-term
protection.
Annual Review of Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
42(1), P. 127 - 152
Published: Dec. 7, 2023
T
follicular
helper
(Tfh)
cells
specialize
in
helping
B
and
are
therefore
critical
contributors
to
the
generation
of
humoral
immunity.
Tfh
aid
immunoglobulin
class-switch
recombination
support
germinal
center
response,
thereby
promoting
affinity
maturation
immune
memory.
Although
their
primary
function
is
promote
cell
responses,
also
display
phenotypic
functional
diversity
determined
by
immunological
spatial
contexts
from
which
they
emerge.
We
review
recent
advances
understanding
heterogeneity
within
subsets
along
with
differentiation
migratory
trajectory,
phenotypes
adopt,
ontological
relationships
one
another,
respective
environments.
Cancer Discovery,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(11), P. 2262 - 2278
Published: July 3, 2024
Abstract
Immunotherapies
have
shown
great
promise
in
pleural
mesothelioma
(PM),
yet
most
patients
still
do
not
achieve
significant
clinical
response,
highlighting
the
importance
of
improving
understanding
tumor
microenvironment
(TME).
Here,
we
utilized
high-throughput,
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
(scRNA-seq)
to
de
novo
identify
54
expression
programs
and
construct
a
comprehensive
cellular
catalog
PM
TME.
We
found
four
cancer-intrinsic
associated
with
poor
disease
outcome
novel
fetal-like,
endothelial
cell
population
that
likely
responds
VEGF
signaling
promotes
angiogenesis.
Across
compartments,
observe
substantial
difference
TME
sarcomatoid
signature,
including
enrichment
fetal-like
cells,
CXCL9+
macrophages,
cytotoxic,
exhausted,
regulatory
T
which
validated
using
imaging
bulk
deconvolution
analyses
on
independent
cohorts.
Finally,
show,
both
computationally
experimentally,
NKG2A:HLA-E
interaction
between
NK
cells
represents
an
important
new
therapeutic
axis
PM,
especially
for
epithelioid
cases.
Significance:
This
manuscript
presents
first
atlas
microenvironment.
Findings
translational
relevance,
experimentally
cohorts,
include
identification
gene
predictive
survival,
population,
NKG2A
blockade
as
promising
immunotherapeutic
intervention
PM.
