Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: March 29, 2019
Abstract
The
presence
of
cirrhosis
in
nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease
(NAFLD)
is
the
most
important
predictor
liver-related
mortality.
Limited
data
exist
concerning
diagnostic
accuracy
gut-microbiome-derived
signatures
for
detecting
NAFLD-cirrhosis.
Here
we
report
16S
gut-microbiome
compositions
203
uniquely
well-characterized
participants
from
a
prospective
twin
and
family
cohort,
including
98
probands
encompassing
entire
spectrum
NAFLD
105
their
first-degree
relatives,
assessed
by
advanced
magnetic-resonance-imaging.
We
show
strong
familial
correlation
profiles,
driven
shared
housing.
panel
30
features,
27
bacterial
features
with
discriminatory
ability
to
detect
NAFLD-cirrhosis
using
Random
Forest
classifier
model.
In
derivation
cohort
probands,
model
has
robust
(AUROC
0.92)
NAFLD-cirrhosis,
confirmed
validation
relatives
proband
0.87).
This
study
provides
evidence
fecal-microbiome-derived
signature
Journal of Hepatology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
72(3), P. 558 - 577
Published: Oct. 15, 2019
The
gut-liver
axis
refers
to
the
bidirectional
relationship
between
gut
and
its
microbiota,
liver,
resulting
from
integration
of
signals
generated
by
dietary,
genetic
environmental
factors.
This
reciprocal
interaction
is
established
portal
vein
which
enables
transport
gut-derived
products
directly
liver
feedback
route
bile
antibody
secretion
intestine.
intestinal
mucosal
vascular
barrier
functional
anatomical
structure
that
serves
as
a
playground
for
interactions
limiting
systemic
dissemination
microbes
toxins
while
allowing
nutrients
access
circulation
reach
liver.
control
microbial
communities
critical
maintaining
homeostasis
axis,
part
this
communication
shapes
communities.
Alcohol
disrupts
at
multiple
interconnected
levels,
including
microbiome,
mucus
barrier,
epithelial
level
antimicrobial
peptide
production,
increases
exposure
proinflammatory
environment
Growing
evidence
indicates
pathogenetic
role
microbe-derived
metabolites,
such
trimethylamine,
secondary
acids,
short-chain
fatty
acids
ethanol,
in
pathogenesis
non-alcoholic
disease.
Cirrhosis
itself
associated
with
profound
alterations
microbiota
damage
different
levels
defence
epithelial,
immune
barriers.
relevance
severe
disturbance
cirrhosis
has
been
linked
translocation
live
bacteria,
bacterial
infections
disease
progression.
identification
elements
primarily
damaged
each
chronic
offers
possibilities
intervention.
Beyond
antibiotics,
upcoming
therapies
centred
on
include
new
generations
probiotics,
metabolites
(postbiotics),
faecal
transplantation,
carbon
nanoparticles.
FXR-agonists
target
both
are
currently
being
tested
diseases.
Finally,
synthetic
biotic
medicines,
phages
specific
bacteria
or
create
physical
barriers
offer
therapeutic
approaches.
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
20(4), P. 461 - 472
Published: Nov. 9, 2019
Abstract
The
gut
microbiota
is
a
central
regulator
of
host
metabolism.
composition
and
function
the
dynamic
affected
by
diet
properties
such
as
amount
lipids.
Hence,
dietary
lipids
may
influence
physiology
through
interaction
with
microbiota.
Lipids
affect
both
substrates
for
bacterial
metabolic
processes,
inhibiting
growth
toxic
influence.
has
been
shown
to
lipid
metabolism
levels
in
blood
tissues,
mice
humans.
Furthermore,
diseases
linked
dyslipidemia,
non-alcoholic
liver
disease
atherosclerosis,
are
associated
changes
profile.
on
be
mediated
metabolites
produced
short-chain
fatty
acids,
secondary
bile
acids
trimethylamine
pro-inflammatory
bacterially
derived
factors
lipopolysaccharide.
Here
we
will
review
association
between
microbiota,
Gut,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
70(6), P. 1174 - 1182
Published: Dec. 3, 2020
Metabolic
disorders
represent
a
growing
worldwide
health
challenge
due
to
their
dramatically
increasing
prevalence.
The
gut
microbiota
is
crucial
actor
that
can
interact
with
the
host
by
production
of
diverse
reservoir
metabolites,
from
exogenous
dietary
substrates
or
endogenous
compounds.
are
associated
alterations
in
composition
and
function
microbiota.
Specific
classes
microbiota-derived
notably
bile
acids,
short-chain
fatty
branched-chain
amino
trimethylamine
N-oxide,
tryptophan
indole
derivatives,
have
been
implicated
pathogenesis
metabolic
disorders.
This
review
aims
define
key
metabolites
altered
diseases
role
pathogenesis.
They
potential
biomarkers
for
early
diagnosis
prognosis
as
well
promising
targets
development
novel
therapeutic
tools
