Personalized brain circuit scores identify clinically distinct biotypes in depression and anxiety

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(7), P. 2076 - 2087

Published: June 17, 2024

Abstract There is an urgent need to derive quantitative measures based on coherent neurobiological dysfunctions or ‘biotypes’ enable stratification of patients with depression and anxiety. We used task-free task-evoked data from a standardized functional magnetic resonance imaging protocol conducted across multiple studies in anxiety when treatment free ( n = 801) after randomization pharmacotherapy behavioral therapy 250). From these patients, we derived personalized interpretable scores brain circuit dysfunction grounded theoretical taxonomy. Participants were subdivided into six biotypes defined by distinct profiles intrinsic connectivity within the default mode, salience frontoparietal attention circuits, activation frontal subcortical regions elicited emotional cognitive tasks. The showed consistency our taxonomy distinguished symptoms, performance general computerized tests, response as well therapy. Our results provide new, theory-driven, clinically validated method parse biological heterogeneity Thus, they represent promising approach advance precision clinical care psychiatry.

Language: Английский

---

Accelerated TMS - moving quickly into the future of depression treatment

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 49(1), P. 128 - 137

Published: May 22, 2023

Abstract Accelerated TMS is an emerging application of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) aimed to reduce treatment length and improve response time. Extant literature generally shows similar efficacy safety profiles compared the FDA-cleared protocols for treat major depressive disorder (MDD), yet accelerated research remains at a very early stage in development. The few applied have not been standardized vary significantly across set core elements. In this review, we consider nine elements that include parameters (i.e., frequency inter-stimulation interval), cumulative exposure number days, sessions per day, pulses session), individualized target dose), brain state context concurrent treatments). Precisely which these critical what are most optimal MDD unclear. Other important considerations durability effect, as doses increase over time, possibility advantage functional neuronavigation, use biological readouts, accessibility patients need treatment. Overall, appears hold promise time achieve rapid reduction symptoms, but significant work be done. Rigorous clinical trials combining outcomes neuroscientific measures such electroencephalogram, magnetic resonance imaging e-field modeling needed define future MDD.

Language: Английский

---

Targeting metaplasticity mechanisms to promote sustained antidepressant actions

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 1114 - 1127

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Reward signals in the motor cortex: from biology to neurotechnology

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Over the past decade, research has shown that primary motor cortex (M1), brain's main output for movement, also responds to rewards. These reward signals may shape in its final stages, influencing movement invigoration and learning. In this Perspective, we highlight functional roles of M1 propose how they could guide advances neurotechnologies restoration, specifically brain-computer interfaces non-invasive brain stimulation. Understanding open new avenues enhancing control rehabilitation. The (M1) not only drives but authors discuss M1's transform like stimulation recovery.

Language: Английский

---

PI3K-AKT/mTOR Signaling in Psychiatric Disorders: A Valuable Target to Stimulate or Suppress?

The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract Economic development and increased stress have considerably the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in recent years, which rank as some most prevalent diseases globally. Several factors, including chronic social stress, genetic inheritance, autogenous diseases, lead to progression disorders. Clinical treatments for include psychotherapy, chemotherapy, electric shock therapy. Although various achievements been made researching disorders, pathogenesis these has not fully understood yet, serious adverse effects resistance antipsychotics are major obstacles treating patients with Recent studies shown that mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) is a central signaling hub functions nerve growth, synapse formation, plasticity. The PI3K-AKT/mTOR pathway critical mediating rapid antidepressant pharmacological agents clinical preclinical research. Abnormal closely associated several neurodevelopmental In this review, we focused on role mTOR related aberrant neurogenesis Elucidating neurobiology its actions response antidepressants will help us better understand brain quickly identify new therapeutic targets treatment mental illnesses.

Language: Английский

---

Thalamic transcranial ultrasound stimulation in treatment resistant depression

Brain stimulation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 1001 - 1004

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Advances in transcranial focused ultrasound neuromodulation for mental disorders

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 111244 - 111244

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Exploring the Suitability of Piecewise-Linear Dynamical System Models for Cognitive Neural Dynamics

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Abstract Dynamical system models have proven useful for decoding the current brain state from neural activity. So far, neuroscience has largely relied on either linear or nonlinear based artificial networks. Piecewise approximations of dynamics in other technical applications, providing a clear advantage over network-based models, when dynamical is not only supposed to be observed, but also controlled. Here we explore whether piecewise-linear (recurrent Switching Linear System rSLDS models) could modeling dynamics, particular context cognitive tasks. We first generate data computational model perceptual decision-making and demonstrate that can successfully recovered these observations. then outperforms terms predicting future states associated Finally, apply our approach publicly available dataset recorded monkeys performing decisions. Much surprise, did provide significant data, although were estimated different trial epochs showed qualitatively dynamics. In summary, present prove situations, where needs controlled closed-loop fashion, example, new neuromodulation applications treating deficits. Future work will show under what conditions are sufficiently warrant use one.

Language: Английский

---

Deciphering Depression: Epigenetic Mechanisms and Treatment Strategies

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 638 - 638

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Depression, a significant mental health disorder, is under intense research scrutiny to uncover its molecular foundations. Epigenetics, which focuses on controlling gene expression without altering DNA sequences, offers promising avenues for innovative treatment. This review explores the pivotal role of epigenetics in depression, emphasizing two key aspects: (I) identifying epigenetic targets new antidepressants and (II) using personalized medicine based distinct profiles, highlighting potential focal points such as methylation, histone structure alterations, non-coding RNA molecules miRNAs. Variations methylation individuals with depression provide opportunities target genes that are associated neuroplasticity synaptic activity. Aberrant acetylation may indicate antidepressant strategies involve enzyme modifications. Modulating miRNA levels can reshape depression-linked expression. The second section discusses profiles. Analyzing these patterns could identify biomarkers treatment response susceptibility facilitating tailored treatments proactive care. Addressing ethical concerns regarding information, privacy stigmatization, crucial understanding biological basis depression. Therefore, researchers must consider issues when examining disorders. importance critical aspect modern medical research. These findings hold great novel medications treatments, would significantly improve patient outcomes, transform psychiatry. As progresses, it expected more complex aspects processes enhance our comprehension, increase effectiveness therapies.

Language: Английский

---

The missing hallmark of health: psychosocial adaptation

Cell Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8, P. 21 - 50

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The eight biological hallmarks of health that we initially postulated (Cell. 2021 Jan 7;184(1):33-63) include features spatial compartmentalization (integrity barriers, containment local perturbations), maintenance homeostasis over time (recycling & turnover, integration circuitries, rhythmic oscillations) and an array adequate responses to stress (homeostatic resilience, hormetic regulation, repair regeneration). These affect all somatic strata the human body (molecules, organelles, cells, supracellular units, organs, organ systems, systemic circuitries meta-organism). Here postulate mental socioeconomic factors must be added this 8×8 matrix as additional hallmark (“psychosocial adaptation”) stratum interactions”), hence building a 9×9 matrix. Potentially, perturbation each affects psychosocial vice versa. Finally, discuss (patho)physiological bases these interactions their implications for improvement.

Language: Английский

---