Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) boundary layer flow of hybrid nanofluid over a moving plate with Joule heating

Alexandria Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 61(3), P. 1938 - 1945

Published: Aug. 13, 2021

The proficiency of hybrid nanoparticles in augmenting the heat transfer has fascinated many researchers to further analysing working fluid. present paper is focused on MHD nanofluid flow with a moving plate Joule heating. combination metal (Cu) and oxide (Al2O3) water (H2O) as base fluid used for analysis. Similarity transformation reduces complexity PDEs into system ODEs, which then solved numerically using function bvp4c from MATLAB different values governing parameters. Two solutions are obtained when moved oppositely free stream flow. Analysis stability unveils first solution real physical solution, realizable practice. From perspective, must be available all cases λ affirms finding An upsurge suction's strength magnetic parameter enhances operation extends critical value λc. Meanwhile, there no change Eckert number added. This study important determining thermal behavior Cu-Al2O3/H2O parameters like field heating embedded. results new original practical applications modern industry.

Language: Английский

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Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: a promising candidate for the development of advanced therapy medicinal products

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Feb. 26, 2021

Abstract Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (UC-MSCs) emerge as a perspective for therapeutic use in immune and inflammatory diseases. Indeed, immunomodulatory anti-inflammatory properties, associated to fewer ethical, availability, safety issues, position UC-MSCs promising active substance develop medicinal products. Since 2007, UC-MSC-based products are classified advanced therapy (ATMP) according the European Regulation 1394/2007/EC. This new regulatory status required total adaptation of stakeholders wishing ATMPs. Cell production tissue cell banks has been replaced by manufacturing medicine, authorized establishments, good practices (GMP) specific After brief description UC-MSCs, we described this review their recent large panel pathologies, including early late phase clinical trials. Despite same product, noticed an important heterogeneity terms indication, posology study design. Then, discussed challenges stakeholders, especially process harmonization characterization. Our aim was point that despite MSCs several decades, development ATMP remains at day real challenge both academic institutions pharmaceutical companies.

Language: Английский

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Identification of phytochemicals as potential therapeutic agents that binds to Nsp15 protein target of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that are capable of inhibiting virus replication

Phytomedicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 153317 - 153317

Published: Sept. 3, 2020

Language: Английский

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Leveraging artificial intelligence for pandemic preparedness and response: a scoping review to identify key use cases

npj Digital Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: June 10, 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) represents a valuable tool that could be widely used to inform clinical and public health decision-making effectively manage the impacts of pandemic. The objective this scoping review was identify key use cases for involving AI pandemic preparedness response from peer-reviewed, preprint, grey literature. data synthesis had two parts: an in-depth studies leveraged machine learning (ML) techniques limited applied traditional modeling approaches. ML applications were categorized into related practice, narratively synthesized. One hundred eighty-three articles met inclusion criteria review. Six identified: forecasting infectious disease dynamics effects interventions; surveillance outbreak detection; real-time monitoring adherence recommendations; detection influenza-like illness; triage timely diagnosis infections; prognosis illness treatment. Data sources types useful varied by case. search identified 1167 reported on approaches, which highlighted additional areas where improving accuracy estimations or projections. Important ML-based solutions have been developed in pandemics, particularly COVID-19 but few optimized practical application early These findings can support policymakers, clinicians, other stakeholders prioritizing research development operationalization future pandemics.

Language: Английский

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Diversity of Reactive Astrogliosis in CNS Pathology: Heterogeneity or Plasticity?

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 26, 2021

Astrocytes are essential for the development and homeostatic maintenance of central nervous system (CNS). They also critical players in CNS injury response during which they undergo a process referred to as "reactive astrogliosis." Diversity astrocyte morphology gene expression, revealed by transcriptional analysis, is well-recognized has been reported several pathologies, including ischemic stroke, demyelination, traumatic injury. This diversity appears unique specific pathology, with significant variance across temporal, topographical, age, sex-specific variables. Despite this, there limited functional data corroborating this diversity. Furthermore, reactive astrocytes display environmental-dependent plasticity fate-mapping on subsets adult limited, it remains unclear whether represents heterogeneity or plasticity. As important neuronal survival function post-injury, establishing what extent reflects distinct established heterogeneous subpopulations vs. environmentally dependent within will be guiding therapeutic development. To that end, we review current state knowledge context three representative pathologies: injury, goal identifying key limitations our suggesting future areas research needed address them. We suggest majority identified pathologies date dynamically changing post-injury environments opposed heterogeneity, an consideration understanding disease pathogenesis interventions.

Language: Английский

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Unsteady Stagnation Point Flow of Hybrid Nanofluid Past a Convectively Heated Stretching/Shrinking Sheet with Velocity Slip

Mathematics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(10), P. 1649 - 1649

Published: Sept. 24, 2020

Unsteady stagnation point flow in hybrid nanofluid (Al2O3-Cu/H2O) past a convectively heated stretching/shrinking sheet is examined. Apart from the conventional surface of no-slip condition, velocity slip condition considered this study. By incorporating verified similarity transformations, differential equations together with their partial derivatives are changed into ordinary equations. Throughout MATLAB operating system, simplified mathematical model clarified by employing bvp4c procedure. The above-proposed approach capable producing non-uniqueness solutions when adequate initial assumptions provided. findings revealed that skin friction coefficient intensifies conjunction local Nusselt number adding up nanoparticles volume fraction. occurrence at boundary reduces friction; however, an upward trend exemplified rate heat transfer. results also signified that, unlike parameter slip, increment unsteady conclusively increases friction, and upsurge attribution transfer observed resulting Biot number. evidenced to have dual solutions, which inevitably contribute stability analysis, hence validating feasibility first solution.

Language: Английский

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TIRAP in the Mechanism of Inflammation

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 8, 2021

The Toll-interleukin-1 Receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor protein (TIRAP) represents a key intracellular signalling molecule regulating diverse immune responses. Its capacity to function as an has been widely investigated in relation Toll-like (TLR)-mediated innate signalling. Since the discovery of TIRAP 2001, initial studies were mainly focused on its role that couples Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) with TLRs, activate MyD88-dependent TLRs Subsequent delineated TIRAP’s transducer events through interaction non-TLR mediators. Indeed, ability interact array mediators suggests central various Therefore, continued elucidate molecular basis TIRAP-protein interactions and how they affect magnitude, should provide information inflammatory disease mechanisms. This review summarizes recruitment activated receptors discusses mechanism precede acute chronic diseases. Furthermore, we highlighted significance TIRAP-TIR domain containing binding sites for several molecules. Collectively, discuss importance TIR interface involved which could hence serve therapeutic target dampen extent conditions.

Language: Английский

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Comparative analysis of mouse bone marrow and adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells for critical limb ischemia cell therapy

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2021

Abstract Introduction Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is the most advanced form of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) characterized by ischemic rest pain and non-healing ulcers. Currently, standard therapy for CLI surgical reconstruction endovascular or amputation patients with no treatment options. Neovasculogenesis induced mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) a promising approach to improve CLI. Owing their angiogenic immunomodulatory potential, MSCs are perfect candidates The purpose this study was determine compare in vitro vivo effects allogeneic bone marrow (BM-MSCs) adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) on treatment. Methods For first step, BM-MSCs AT-MSCs were isolated characteristic MSC phenotypes. Then, femoral artery ligation total excision performed C57BL/6 mice create model. evaluated biological characteristics cell therapy. In order these characteristics, following tests performed: morphology, flow cytometry, differentiation osteocyte adipocyte, wound healing assay, behavioral including Tarlov, Ischemia, Modified ischemia, Function grade necrosis scores, donor survival histological analysis. Results Our cellular functional indicated that during 28 days after transplantation, had great effect endothelial migration, muscle restructure, improvements, neovascularization tissues compared control groups. Conclusions Allogeneic BM-MSC transplantation resulted more effective recovery from critical transplantation. fact, could be considered as diseases insufficient angiogenesis hindlimb ischemia.

Language: Английский

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Cardiorespiratory and skeletal muscle damage due to COVID-19: making the urgent case for rehabilitation

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 1107 - 1120

Published: Feb. 20, 2021

It has become increasingly evident that COVID-19 contributes to multiorgan pathophysiology. The systemic inflammatory response increases both pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels, leading immune dysregulation increasing the likelihood of incurring cardiac pulmonary injuries.Longer periods hospitalization (~20 days) increase susceptibility ICU-acquired muscle weakness deconditioning, which decreases function functional capacity. These conditions affect quality life in post-COVID-19 period require multi-disciplinary approaches rehabilitate cardiopulmonary musculoskeletal systems these patients. In this context, narrative review, included articles published Embase, PEDro PubMed databases up December 2020, is focused on discussing essential role exercise rehabilitation health professionals recovery process, from hospital discharge, addressing strategies for mitigate impairments associated with home or ambulatory rehabilitation, purposing ways conduct programs restore their status after infection.In current environment, findings further point vital coming years urgent need develop assist survivors.

Language: Английский

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In silico structure evaluation of BAG3 and elucidating its association with bacterial infections through protein–protein and host‐pathogen interaction analysis

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 123(1), P. 115 - 127

Published: May 17, 2021

Abstract BAG3, a co‐chaperone protein with Bcl‐2‐associated athanogene (BAG) domain, has diverse functionalities in protein‐folding, apoptosis, inflammation, and cell cycle regulatory cross‐talks. It been well characterised cardiac diseases, cancers, viral pathogenesis. The multiple roles of BAG3 are attributed to its functional regions like BAG, Tryptophan‐rich (WW), isoleucine‐proline‐valine‐rich (IPV), proline‐rich (PXXP) domains. However, study structural impact on various functions, the experimental 3D structure was not available. Hence, predicted through silico modelling validated computational tools molecular dynamics simulation studies. To best our knowledge, role bacterial infections is explicitly reported. We attempted them an in‐silico protein–protein interaction network host‐pathogen analysis. From structure‐function relationships, it identified that WW PXXP domains were associated cellular cytoskeleton rearrangement adhesion‐mediated response, which might be involved BAG3‐related intracellular proliferation. enrichment analysis, Gene Ontology terms topological matrices, 18 host proteins 29 pathogen interactome pertaining Legionellosis, Tuberculosis, Salmonellosis, Shigellosis, Pertussis differential phosphorylation events serine metabolism. Furthermore, evident direct (MAPK8, MAPK14) (MAPK1, HSPD1, NFKBIA, TLR2, RHOA) interactors could considered as therapeutic markers curb down propagation humans.

Language: Английский

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