The Role of Nutrients in Prevention, Treatment and Post-Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19)

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1000 - 1000

Published: Feb. 26, 2022

SARS-CoV-2 virus, infecting human cells via its spike protein, causes Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 is characterized by shortness of breath, fever, and pneumonia sometimes fatal. Unfortunately, to date, there still no definite therapy treat COVID-19. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) approved only supportive care. During pandemic, need maintain a correct intake nutrients support very weakened patients in overcoming arose. The literature available on nutrient for mainly focused prevention. However, safe micro- and/or macro-nutrients can be useful either preventing infection supporting immune response during COVID-19, as well post-acute phase, i.e., "long COVID", that onset various long lasting disabling symptoms. aim this review focus role all different phases disease, including prevention, acute finally COVID.

Language: Английский

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Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Nov. 3, 2022

Abstract Vitamin D as an immunomodulator has not been studied in patients with severe COVID-19. This study aimed to estimate the efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers COVID-19 admitted intensive care unit (ICU). A single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial was conducted (N = 110). Patients were randomly assigned receive a weekly oral dose 60,000 IU followed by daily maintenance doses 5000 (n 55) or placebo 55). Primary outcomes lymphocyte counts, natural killer (NK) T (NKT) cell neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), serum levels 7th day treatment. On 7, group displayed significantly higher NK NKT counts NLR than those did. The mortality rate (37% vs 50%, P 0.16), need for mechanical ventilation (63% 69%, 0.58), incidence nosocomial infection (60% 41%, 0.05) did differ between groups. supplementation, compared placebo, increased but translate into reduced ICU. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05092698.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D and COVID‐19—Revisited

Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 292(4), P. 604 - 626

Published: July 8, 2022

Abstract Vitamin D, when activated to 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin is a steroid hormone that induces responses in several hundred genes, including many involved immune infection. Without supplementation, people living temperate zones commonly become deficient the precursor form of vitamin 25‐hydroxyvitamin during winter, as do who receive less sunlight exposure or those with darker skin pigmentation. Studies performed pre‐COVID‐19 have shown significant but modest reduction upper respiratory infections receiving regular daily D supplementation. deficiency, like risk severe COVID‐19, linked colour and also obesity. Greater from COVID‐19 has been associated reduced ultraviolet exposure. Various studies examined serum levels, either historical current, patients COVID‐19. The results these varied majority an association between deficiency increased illness severity. Interventional supplementation so far inconclusive. Trial protocols allow control groups low‐dose may be adequate for many. effects on disease severity existing are further complicated by frequent use large bolus dose achieve rapid effects, even though this approach ineffective other settings. As pandemic passes into its third year, substantial role determining remains possible unproven.

Language: Английский

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The role of nutrition on the treatment of Covid 19

Human Nutrition & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 200255 - 200255

Published: Feb. 24, 2024

The rapid and extensive transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has led to a worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. Initially thought be an acute illness, many patients have reported persistent recurring symptoms even after infectious period. This given rise new epidemic known as "long-COVID" or post-acute sequelae coronavirus disease, which significantly impacted lives millions individuals globally. both vary from person person, but they share similarities with other respiratory viruses, such chest pain, shortness breath, fatigue, well adverse effects on metabolic pulmonary health. Nutrition plays crucial role in immune function health, therefore, it is believed impact reducing risk severity for COVID-19. However, despite importance nutrition these physiological functions related COVID-19, exact onset infection still not fully understood. review aims explore established emerging approaches that may while emphasizing significance clinical practice guidelines primary resources healthcare practitioners.

Language: Английский

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Aripiprazole as protector against COVID-19 mortality

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 29, 2024

Abstract The relation of antipsychotics with severe Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) outcomes is a matter debate since the beginning pandemic. To date, controversial results have been published on this issue. We aimed to prove whether might exert adverse or protective effects against fatal derived from COVID-19. A population-based retrospective cohort study (January 2020 November 2020) comprising inpatients (15,968 patients) who were at least 18 years old and had laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection. Two sub-cohorts delineated, total 2536 inpatients: individuals either no prescription medication prescribed an antipsychotic within 15 days preceding hospitalization. conducted survival odds ratio analyses assess association between use mortality, reporting both unadjusted covariate-adjusted results. computed average treatment effects, using untreated group as reference, effect treated, focusing solely antipsychotic-treated population. Among eight found be in use, only aripiprazole showed significant decrease risk death [adjusted (OR) = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.79–0.93, multiple-testing adjusted p-value < 0.05]. Importantly, these findings consistent for analyses. Aripiprazole has shown differentiated beneficial protecting clinical outcome infected individuals. speculate that differential controlling immunological pathways inducible inflammatory enzymes, are critical COVID19 illness, may associated our herein.

Language: Английский

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Micronutrients to Support Vaccine Immunogenicity and Efficacy

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 568 - 568

Published: April 6, 2022

The world has entered the third year of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Vaccination is primary public health strategy to protect against infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in addition other measures, such as mask wearing and social distancing. reduced COVID-19 severity mortality dramatically. Nevertheless, incidence globally remains high, certain populations are still at risk for outcomes. Additional strategies support immunity, including potentially enhancing response vaccination, needed. Many vitamins trace minerals have recognized immunomodulatory actions, their status and/or supplementation been reported correspond infection. Furthermore, a variety observational some interventional studies report that adequate micronutrient or associated enhanced vaccine responses, vaccination. Such data suggest may hold potential improve immunogenicity effectiveness, although additional further strengthen existing evidence Positive findings from research could important implications global health, since deficiencies several micronutrients immune function prevalent numerous settings, can be implemented safely inexpensively.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Vitamin D in Supporting Health in the COVID-19 Era

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(7), P. 3621 - 3621

Published: March 25, 2022

The genomic activity of vitamin D is associated with metabolic effects, and the hormone has a strong impact on several physiological functions and, therefore, health. Among its renowned functions, an immunomodulator molecule anti-inflammatory effect, recently, it been much studied in relation to response against viral infections, especially COVID-19. This review aims take stock correlation studies between deficiency increased risks severe COVID-19 disease similarly, acute respiratory distress syndrome. Based this evidence, supplementation tested clinical trials, results are discussed. Finally, study includes biochemical analysis effects body's defense mechanisms infection. In particular, antioxidant considered energy metabolism, potential, beneficial effect described, discussion influence different pathways. proposed, broader view could support better-integrated approach strategies COVID-19, which be valuable near future living infection becoming endemic.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D supplementation for managing COVID-19 in patients with vitamin D deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. e091903 - e091903

Published: March 1, 2025

Objectives Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among the population. Previous studies have shown that vitamin supplementation might be useful for treating COVID-19 infection. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to explore efficacy in patients with deficiency. Design Systematic review and Data sources PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase Web of Science. Eligibility criteria Randomised controlled trials exploring extraction synthesis Two independent reviewers employed standardised methods search, screen code included studies. The primary outcomes mortality during follow-up, 28-day mortality, need mechanical ventilation intensive care unit (ICU). secondary outcome length stay hospital ICU. risk bias was assessed using Risk Bias 2 tool. Depending on level heterogeneity, either random-effects model or fixed-effects applied. findings were summarised Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development Evaluation (GRADE) evidence profiles synthesised qualitatively. Results A total nine studies, comprising 870 participants, analysis. pooled results indicated associated lower (risk ratio 0.76; 95% CI 0.60 0.97). However, this apparent benefit not robust when examined through leave-one-out method trial sequential Regarding other outcomes, there no statistically significant difference between terms ICU admission. 0.41 day shorter (mean −0.41; −1.09 0.28) 0.07 −0.07; −0.61 0.46) compared supplementation; however, neither significant. Conclusion Based low moderate quality, reduced rate follow-up it did improve nor reduce admission, hospital. PROSPERO registration number CRD42024573791.

Language: Английский

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A Genomic Surveillance Circuit for Emerging Viral Pathogens

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 912 - 912

Published: April 16, 2025

Genomic surveillance has been crucial in monitoring the evolution and spread of SARS-CoV-2. In Andalusia (Spain), a coordinated genomic circuit was established to systematically sequence analyze viral genomes across region. This initiative organizes sample collection through 27 hospitals, which act as regional hubs within their respective health districts. Sequencing is performed at three reference laboratories, with downstream data analysis reporting centralized bioinformatics platform. From 2021 2025, over 42,500 SARS-CoV-2 were sequenced, enabling identification major variants evolutionary dynamics. The tracked transition from Alpha Delta successive Omicron waves, including both recombinant non-recombinant clades. integration epidemiological facilitated rapid variant detection, outbreak investigation, public decision making. framework granularity demonstrates feasibility large-scale sequencing decentralized healthcare system expanded monitor other pathogens, reinforcing its value for epidemic preparedness. Continued investment critical tracking evolution, guiding interventions, mitigating future threats.

Language: Английский

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The mechanistic functional landscape of retinitis pigmentosa: a machine learning-driven approach to therapeutic target discovery

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Abstract Background Retinitis pigmentosa is the prevailing genetic cause of blindness in developed nations with no effective treatments. In pursuit unraveling intricate dynamics underlying this complex disease, mechanistic models emerge as a tool proven efficiency rooted systems biology, to elucidate interplay between RP genes and their mechanisms. The integration drug-target interactions under umbrella machine learning methodologies provides multifaceted approach that can boost discovery novel therapeutic targets, facilitating further drug repurposing RP. Methods By mapping Pigmentosa-related (obtained from Orphanet, OMIM HPO databases) onto KEGG signaling pathways, collection functional circuits encompassing Pigmentosa molecular mechanisms was defined. Next, model so-defined disease map, where effects interventions be simulated, built. Then, an explainable multi-output random forest regressor trained using normal tissue transcriptomic data learn causal connections targets approved drugs DrugBank map. Selected target involvement were validated on rd10 mice, murine Pigmentosa. Results A map constructed resulting 226 belonging 40 pathways. method predicted 109 use potential effect over corresponding nine hallmarks identified. Five those selected experimentally mice: Gabre , Gabra1 (GABARα1 protein), Slc12a5 (KCC2 Grin1 (NR1 protein) Glr2a . As result, we provide resource evaluate impact Conclusions possibility building actionable combination algorithms drug-disease opens new avenues for boosting discovery. Such mechanistically-based hypotheses guide accelerate experimental validations prioritizing candidates. work, describing developed, identifying five promising candidates targeted by drug. Further validation will demonstrate systematic application other rare diseases.

Language: Английский

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