Does the dose make the poison? Neurotoxic insecticides impair predator orientation and reproduction even at low concentrations

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 78(4), P. 1698 - 1706

Published: Jan. 7, 2022

Pesticides can be noxious to non-target beneficial arthropods and their negative effects have been recently recognized even at low doses. The predator Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae) plays an important role in controlling insect pests solanaceous crops, but its concurrent herbivory often poses relevant concerns for tomato production. Although insecticide side on N. previously studied, little is known the potential implications of neurotoxic chemicals concentrations. We assessed baseline toxicity three insecticides (lambda-cyhalothrin, spinosad chlorpyrifos) by topical contact exposure. behavioral reproduction capacity was then investigated upon exposure estimated low-lethal concentrations (LC

Language: Английский

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Sublethal effects of plant essential oils toward the zoophytophagous mirid Nesidiocoris tenuis

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 95(4), P. 1609 - 1619

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Abstract Zoophytophagous hemipteran predators provide relevant biological control services and their applications are consolidated in greenhouse pest management. The use of plant essential oils (EOs) for sustainable crop protection is being currently promoted. However, further knowledge the potential side effects EOs on predatory mirids (Hemiptera: Miridae) required. Here, we evaluated non-target impact four (anise, fennel, garlic lavender) generalist predator Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) laboratory. baseline toxicity was firstly assessed N. adults following topical contact exposure. Then, reproduction orientation behavior tested exposure to three estimated EO lethal concentrations (LC 1 , LC 10 30 ). Garlic had lowest LCs (e.g., 1.34 mg mL −1 ), thus most toxic compound among EOs. s lavender, anise fennel were 2.75, 4.55 5.17 respectively. fertility females negatively affected by all at highest concentration. Nevertheless, caused no sublethal . Our findings suggest that careful attention should be given when used combination with management programs.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic Economic Thresholds for Insecticide Applications Against Agricultural Pests: Importance of Pest and Natural Enemy Migration

Journal of Economic Entomology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 116(2), P. 321 - 330

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

Abstract In Integrated Pest Management programs, insecticides are applied to agricultural crops when pest densities exceed a predetermined economic threshold. Under conditions of high natural enemy density, however, the threshold can be increased, allowing for fewer insecticide applications. These adjustments, called ‘dynamic thresholds’, allow farmers exploit existing biological control interactions without loss. Further, ability enemies disperse from, and subsequently immigrate into, insecticide-sprayed areas affect their potential. We develop theoretical approach incorporate both movement across field borders into dynamic thresholds explore how these applications farmer incomes. Our model follows its specialist over one growing season. An that targets also induces mortality enemy, via direct toxicity reduced resource densities. populations recover after spraying through within-field reproduction by immigration from neighboring unsprayed areas. The number per-season revenues calculated either fixed (ignoring densities) or (incorporating them). predicts using always leads application. benefit in reducing use is highest rapidly recolonize sprayed areas, efficacy low. discuss real-life situations which monitoring would substantially reduce other scenarios where presence beneficial organisms may lead modifications.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of the biocontrol potential of Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae) on wheat aphids in northern China

Journal of Economic Entomology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Abstract Marmalada hoverfly, Episyrphus balteatus De Geer (Diptera: Syrphidae), is a cosmopolitan fly species providing pest control and pollination services. As wheat aphids cause significant losses to global production, systematic evaluation of the predatory potential biocontrol service functions E. in ecosystems was undertaken. The daily maximum prey consumption third instar on adult Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus, Schizaphis graminum Rondani, Sitobion miscanthi Takahashi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were 250, 500, 100 individuals/third larvae, respectively. S. population decline rates cages after release instars at ratios 1:100 1:200 100% 94.17%, respectively, 72-h exposure. Feeding assays involving R. padi, graminum, showed DNA detectability half-life 4.17, 6.44, 4.83 h, larvae balteatus. Using multiplex polymerase chain reaction-based gut content analysis detect remains, we confirmed that preyed upon miscanthi, Metopolophium dirhodum Walker field experiments during 2022 2024. A positive correlation also found between corrected detection rate aphid dynamics. These results provide an entry point for understanding ecological function developing biological strategy management.

Language: Английский

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Role of tomato plant-derived food sources on Dolichogenidea gelechiidivoris, parasitic wasp of Tuta absoluta

Biological Control, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 105719 - 105719

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Exploiting Trap Type and Color for Monitoring Macadamia Felted Coccid Acanthococcus ironsidei (Williams) and Associated Parasitic Wasps in Macadamia Orchards in Hawai’i

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 149 - 149

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Acanthococcus ironsidei (Williams) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) is an invasive pest of macadamia, Macadamia integrifolia, in Hawai’i, causing death to macadamia trees and decreased nut productivity. Monitoring relies on wrapping double-sided sticky tapes over tree branches trap dispersing crawlers (i.e., mobile immature stage), but this tedious for growers, especially large orchards. From September November 2022 December February 2023, at two commercial orchards Hawai’i Island, the use colored cards was assessed improving monitoring A. investigate Hymenopteran parasitoid complex that inhabits canopies. At each study site, four different (yellow, lime green, dark white) were placed lower canopy five trees, tree, a transparent tape deployed. bi-weekly intervals, replaced re-randomized replaced. The results showed captured both (winged) male adults, while only crawlers. color did not have significant effects captures adults sites, lowest green traps one site. adult males white generally correlated with number tapes. had disparities attraction color; however, yellow, colors seemingly more effective Encarsia lounsburyi (Berlese & Paoli), reported ironsidei. These useful practical implications improved crawlers, associated natural enemies.

Language: Английский

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Silicon amendment to the crop increases the potential of Aphidius platensis to control the invasive pest aphid Melanaphis sorghi

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 11, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND The efficacy of integrated pest management programs can be affected by interactions between different control methods. Silicon (Si) amendments increase plant resistance to phytophagous insects; however, such may also affect higher‐trophic level species, causing either negative or positive impacts on the biological pests in treated crops. To evaluate effect Si amendment potential for aphid Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald) parasitoid Aphidius platensis (Bréthes), key parameters and fertility life tables both species were assessed laboratory at 23 ± 1 °C 29 without application a greenhouse trial, with insects reared plants grown soil (800 kg per hectare). RESULTS Without Si, net reproductive rate ( R 0 ) value was higher than that (ratio parasitoid/ = 1.2), showing controlled this temperature, but reversed, ratio declining 0.79, permitting outbreaks. In contrast, parasitoid's r m (intrinsic increase) equal aphid's temperatures, parasitoid/aphid ratios ranging from 1.0 1.8. CONCLUSION A. M. , representing its use sorghum. © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Storage conditions for pupae of the parasitoid wasp Pseudapanteles dignus, a natural enemy of Phthorimaea absoluta

BioControl, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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Life history traits and feeding efficiency of generalist predator, Geocoris ochropterus Fieber against Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) with stage-specific estimates of its population and predation rates

Phytoparasitica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 53(3)

Published: April 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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First report of the predatory potential and functional response of the red flower assassin bug Rhynocoris segmentarius (Germar), a natural enemy of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)

Biological Control, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 191, P. 105465 - 105465

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is currently the most devastating invasive arthropod pest of maize in sub-Saharan Africa. Following its first report Ghana 2016, control has been reliant mainly on synthetic chemicals. However, biocontrol an effective, sustainable, cheaper, and environmentally friendly option for FAW management. We tested potential red flower assassin bug, Rhynocoris segmentarius (Germar) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) as a natural enemy candidate augmentative by assessing predatory rate functional response under laboratory conditions Ghana. feeding responses five nymphal instars adults (female male) R. were against three larvae ages FAW: (i) < 1 day old or newly emerged (NE), (ii) 2 days old, (iii) 6 at six different prey densities: 5, 15, 25, 30, 35, 40, respectively. All life-stages successfully attacked, killed, fed S. frugiperda, exhibited Type II response. second stages did not attack kill six-day-old larvae. Females had significantly higher (7.79 ± 1.01) shortest handling time (1.17 x 10–1) than all life-stages. Our results suggest that frugiperda.

Language: Английский

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