Water Contamination and Human Health Risks in Pakistan: A Review

Exposure and Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 619 - 639

Published: Oct. 4, 2022

Language: Английский

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Estimation of groundwater pollution levels and specific ionic sources in the groundwater, using a comprehensive approach of geochemical ratios, pollution index of groundwater, unmix model and land use/land cover – A case study

Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 248, P. 103990 - 103990

Published: April 4, 2022

Language: Английский

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Synergy of Remote Sensing and Geospatial Technologies to Advance Sustainable Development Goals for Future Coastal Urbanization and Environmental Challenges in a Riverine Megacity

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 30 - 30

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Riverine coastal megacities, particularly in semi-arid South Asian regions, face escalating environmental challenges due to rapid urbanization and climate change. While previous studies have examined urban growth patterns or impacts independently, there remains a critical gap understanding the integrated of land use/land cover (LULC) changes on both ecosystem vulnerability sustainable development achievements. This study addresses this through an innovative integration multitemporal Landsat imagery (5, 7, 8), SRTM-DEM, historical use maps, population data using MOLUSCE plugin with cellular automata–artificial neural networks (CA-ANN) modelling monitor LULC over three decades (1990–2020) project future for 2025, 2030, 2035, supporting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Karachi, southern Pakistan, one world’s most populous megacities. The framework integrates analysis SDG metrics, achieving overall accuracy greater than 97%, user producer accuracies above 77% Kappa coefficient approaching 1, demonstrating high level agreement. Results revealed significant expansion from 13.4% 23.7% total area between 1990 2020, concurrent reductions vegetation cover, water bodies, wetlands. Erosion along riverbank has caused Malir River’s decrease 17.19 5.07 km2 by highlighting key factor contributing flooding during monsoon season. Flood risk projections indicate that urbanized areas will be affected, 66.65% potentially inundated 2035. study’s contribution lies quantifying achievements, showing varied progress: 26% 9 (Industry, Innovation, Infrastructure), 18% 11 (Sustainable Cities Communities), 13% 13 (Climate Action), 16% 8 (Decent Work Economic Growth). However, declining bodies pose 15 (Life Land) 6 (Clean Water Sanitation), 11%, respectively. approach provides valuable insights planners, offering novel adaptive planning strategies advancing practices similar stressed megacity regions.

Language: Английский

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Characterizing Spatiotemporal Variations in the Urban Thermal Environment Related to Land Cover Changes in Karachi, Pakistan, from 2000 to 2020

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 2164 - 2164

Published: April 30, 2022

Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of urban heat islands and factors that influence this phenomenon can help to alleviate stress exacerbated by warming strengthen heat-related resilience, thereby contributing achievement United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The association between surface island (SUHI) effects land use/land cover features has been studied extensively, but situation in tropical cities is not well-understood due lack consistent data. This study aimed explore (LULC) changes their impact on thermal environment a megacity—Karachi, Pakistan. Land maps were produced, temperature (LST) was estimated using Landsat images from five different years over period 2000–2020. intensity (SUHII) then quantified based LST Statistical analyses, including geographically weighted regression (GWR) correlation performed order analyze relationship composition LST. results indicated built-up area Karachi increased 97.6 km² 325.33 during Among types, areas classified as or bare exhibited highest LST, change vegetation led an increase analysis coefficients normalized difference index (NDBI) ranged 0.14 0.18 2000 2020 NDBI plays dominant role influencing GWR revealed spatial variation SUHII. Parks with large medium- high-density play significant regulating environment, whereas scattered patches core do have These findings be used inform adaptive use planning aims mitigate UHI aid efforts achieve sustainable growth.

Language: Английский

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Hydrogeochemical characterization and appraisal of groundwater quality for industrial purpose using a novel industrial water quality index (IndWQI) in the Guanzhong Basin, China

Geochemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 83(1), P. 125922 - 125922

Published: Nov. 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring in Pakistan: A Comprehensive Review

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 6246 - 6246

Published: April 5, 2023

Water quality has been a major problem in Pakistan owing to mix of factors such as population expansion, industrial units urban areas, and agricultural activities. The purpose this research is conduct comprehensive evaluation water monitoring assessment Pakistan. article begins by examining the sources (i.e., surface water, groundwater, rainwater). paper then discusses methods used researchers for assessment, including chemical, physical, biological methods. It determined that certain regions Pakistan, concentration arsenic present groundwater exceeds national international prescribed maximum limits. range concentrations Punjab province can vary from 10 200 μg/L, while higher up 1400 μg/L have recorded Sindh. In province, fluoride 0.5 30 mg/L, Sindh, levels reach 18 mg/L. addition, some talked about bacteria. A 2017 study found fecal coliform different cities surpassed limits were high 1100 CFU/100 mL. Additionally, natural geological formations salinity areas contribute contamination water. effect pollution on public health potential cause harm. critical investigate creative strategies improving quality, it necessary make investments development, which could include implementation sophisticated technologies conception new treatment processes. review performed facilitates an understanding current types magnitudes contaminants sources. Subsequently, emphasizes deficiencies challenges existing frameworks provides suggestions them. This also significant benefit all stakeholders involved ensuring clean safe human consumption other purposes policymakers, managers, researchers, stakeholders.

Language: Английский

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Hydrochemical properties of groundwater and land use and land cover changes impact on agricultural productivity: An empirical observation and integrated framework approaches

Journal of Geochemical Exploration, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 258, P. 107402 - 107402

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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Sunlight-active, S-g-C3N4 boosts Ni-doped ZnFe2O4 photocatalysts for efficient organic pollutants degradation

Optical Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 115181 - 115181

Published: March 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes, ionic sources and land use/land cover impacts in the Kathua region of Jammu and Kashmir, India

Groundwater for Sustainable Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26, P. 101303 - 101303

Published: July 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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Groundwater contamination and health risk assessment in Indian subcontinent: A geospatial approach

Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39, P. 100555 - 100555

Published: May 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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