Plant cell wall-mediated disease resistance: Current understanding and future perspectives

Molecular Plant, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 699 - 724

Published: April 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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The paradigm of digital health: AI applications and transformative trends

Neural Computing and Applications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 15, 2025

Language: Английский

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Lifestyles shape genome size and gene content in fungal pathogens

Published: April 2, 2025

Fungi display a wide range of lifestyles and hosts. We still know little about the impact lifestyles, including pathogenicity, on their genome architecture. Here, we combined annotated 552 fungal genomes from class Sordariomycetes examined association between 12 genomic features two lifestyle traits: pathogenicity insect association. found that pathogens average tend to have larger number protein-coding genes, effectors, tRNA genes. In addition, non-repetitive size is than non-pathogenic species. However, this pattern not consistent across all groups. Insect endoparasites symbionts smaller sizes genes with longer exons; moreover, insect-vectored possess fewer compared those transmitted by insects. Our study shows are main contributors variation in seemingly similar can exhibit distinct architectures, depending host vector interactions.

Language: Английский

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Lifestyles shape genome size and gene content in fungal pathogens

Published: April 2, 2025

Fungi display a wide range of lifestyles and hosts. We still know little about the impact lifestyles, including pathogenicity, on their genome architecture. Here, we combined annotated 552 fungal genomes from class Sordariomycetes examined association between 12 genomic features two lifestyle traits: pathogenicity insect association. found that pathogens average tend to have larger number protein-coding genes, effectors, tRNA genes. In addition, non-repetitive size is than non-pathogenic species. However, this pattern not consistent across all groups. Insect endoparasites symbionts smaller sizes genes with longer exons; moreover, insect-vectored possess fewer compared those transmitted by insects. Our study shows are main contributors variation in seemingly similar can exhibit distinct architectures, depending host vector interactions.

Language: Английский

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New approaches to tackle a rising problem: Large-scale methods to study antifungal resistance

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(9), P. e1012478 - e1012478

Published: Sept. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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From glycans to green biotechnology: exploring cell wall dynamics and phytobiota impact in plant glycopathology

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 19

Published: July 14, 2024

Filamentous plant pathogens, including fungi and oomycetes, pose significant threats to cultivated crops, impacting agricultural productivity, quality sustainability. Traditionally, disease control heavily relied on fungicides, but concerns about their negative impacts motivated stakeholders government agencies seek alternative solutions. Biocontrol agents (BCAs) have been developed as promising alternatives minimize fungicide use. However, BCAs often exhibit inconsistent performances, undermining efficacy protection alternatives. The eukaryotic cell wall of plants filamentous pathogens contributes significantly interaction with the environment competitors. This highly adaptable modular carbohydrate armor serves primary interface for communication, intricate interplay within this compartment is mediated by carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) responsible degradation remodeling. These processes play a crucial role in pathogenesis diseases contribute establishing both beneficial detrimental microbiota. review explores between dynamics glycan interactions phytobiome scenario, providing holistic insights efficiently exploiting microbial traits potentially involved mitigation. Within framework, incorporation glycobiology-related functional into resident can enhance plant's resilience biotic stresses. Therefore, rational engineering future consortia, it imperative recognize leverage understanding glycome an essential tool effective management diseases.

Language: Английский

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Machine learning reveals genes impacting oxidative stress resistance across yeasts

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules encountered by yeasts during routine metabolism and interactions with other organisms, including host infection. Here, we characterized the variation in resistance to ROS across ancient yeast subphylum Saccharomycotina used machine learning (ML) identify gene families whose sizes were predictive of resistance. The most features enriched related cell wall organization included two reductase families. We estimated quantitative contributions each species’ classification guide experimental validation showed that overexpression old yellow enzyme (OYE) increased Kluyveromyces lactis , while Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants lacking multiple mannosyltransferase-encoding genes hypersensitive ROS. Altogether, this work provides a framework for how ML can uncover genetic mechanisms underlying trait diverse inform manipulation clinical biotechnological applications.

Language: Английский

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The dynamics of fungal genome organization and its impact on host adaptation and antifungal resistance.

Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 52(5), P. 628 - 640

Published: Nov. 8, 2024

Fungi are a diverse kingdom characterized by remarkable genomic plasticity that facilitates pathogenicity and adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. In this review, we delve into the dynamic organization of fungal genomes its implications for host antifungal resistance. We examine key features heterogeneity across different species, including but not limited their chromosome content, DNA composition, distribution arrangement content chromosomes, other major traits. further highlight how variability in traits influences virulence Fungal exhibit large variations size, gene structural features, such as abundance transposable elements (TEs), compartmentalization gene-rich TE-rich regions, presence or absence dispensable chromosomes. Genomic equally fungi, ranging from whole-chromosome duplications may enhance tolerance compounds, targeted deletion effector encoding genes promote virulence. Finally, often-overlooked mitochondrial can also affect resistance fungicides. Such genome reviewed discussed context host-microbe interactions

Language: Английский

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Digital Transformation in Healthcare - A Recent Progress and Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare (Preprint)

Published: July 2, 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing various healthcare sectors, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, patient care, and operational efficiency. However, there a need for more involvement from stakeholders in promoting access, compliance with digital therapeutics. This study aims to comprehensively analyze AI applications across different settings, including hospitals, dentistry, physical therapy, pharmacies, nursing, medical laboratories. The conducted thorough literature review, using keywords examine relevant articles PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar databases. review content not restricted by time but limited English-language articles. found significant facilitation midwifery. solutions tailored these fields can benefit outcomes, streamline workflows, reduce the burden on providers. also explores extensive use of advanced such as diagnostics, genetics, forensics. It then compares other health technologies terms data utilization, integration, clinical support decisions, impact care. Finally, it outlines future aspects that underscore customized training programs, infrastructure development, robust ethical legal frameworks guide adoption ensuring informed consent, privacy security.

Language: Английский

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Starship giant transposable elements cluster by host taxonomy using kmer-based phylogenetics

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

ABSTRACT Starships are a recently established superfamily of giant cargo-mobilising transposable elements in the fungal subphylum Pezizomyotina (phylum Ascomycota ). To date, Starship have been identified up to ∼700 Kbp length and carrying hundreds accessory genes, which can confer both beneficial deleterious traits host genome. Classification has centred on tyrosine recombinase gene that mobilises element, termed captain. We contribute new perspective classification by using an alignment-free kmer-based phylogenetic tree building method, infer relationships between their entirety, including active degraded irrespective high variability element cargo content. In doing so we found entire differed from those inferred captain genes revealed patterns relatedness corresponding taxonomy. Using Gaeumannomyces species as case study, correspond with similarity Our results suggest -mediated horizontal transfer events frequent within same genus but less prevalent across larger evolutionary distances. This novel application phylogenetics approach overcomes issue how represent compare highly variable whole, effect shifts cargo-centred concept identity. SUMMARY applied Pezizomycotina ( , Fungi frequently cluster according taxonomy, suggesting is common Kmer-based approaches show promise for inform our understanding evolution other elements.

Language: Английский

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