The Complex Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in Health and Disease DOI Open Access
Marta Wołosowicz, Sławomir Prokopiuk, Tomasz W. Kamiński

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(24), P. 13691 - 13691

Published: Dec. 21, 2024

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), a zinc-dependent enzyme, plays critical role in the degradation and remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM). As member gelatinase subgroup metalloproteinases, MMP-2 is involved variety physiological processes, including tissue repair, wound healing, angiogenesis, embryogenesis. It primarily responsible for type IV V collagen, fibronectin, laminin, elastin, which are essential components ECM. secreted as an inactive pro-enzyme (proMMP-2) activated through proteolytic cleavage, with its activity being precisely regulated by inhibitors metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Dysregulation has been linked to pathological conditions, cardiovascular diseases, diabetic complications, kidney cancer. In it contributes vascular remodeling, atherosclerosis, aneurysms, while fibrotic mediates excessive ECM leading scarring. diabetes, elevated exacerbates complications such nephropathy, retinopathy, disease. cancer, facilitates tumor invasion metastasis degrading promoting angiogenesis. Despite roles both targeting therapeutic purposes presents challenges due dual functions raising concerns about unplanned consequences impaired healing or damage. These underscore need future research focus on developing selective modulators that can balance their under specific disease environments. Clinical trials modulation highlight potential inhibitors, those MMP-2, reduce progression fibrosarcoma, breast, lung cancers. This paper reviews structure, function, regulation involvement pathogenesis, implications modulating activity.

Language: Английский

Exploring Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Approach in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease DOI

Ana Isabel Vigil Medina,

Mengdie Shi,

Yanyan Wang

et al.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents an increasing public health concern. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of NAFLD remains unclear, and as a result, there is currently no specific therapy for this condition. However, recent studies focus on extracellular vesicles (EVs) novelty in their role cellular communication. An imbalance the gut microbiota composition may contribute to progression NAFLD, making gut-liver axis promising target therapeutic strategies. This review aims provide comprehensive overview EVs NAFLD. Additionally, exosome-like nanovesicles derived from plants (PELNs) probiotics-derived (postbiotics) have demonstrated potential re-establish intestinal equilibrium modulate microbiota, thus offering alleviate via axis. Further research needed using multiple omics approaches comprehensively characterize cargo including protein, metabolites, genetic material packaged, biological activities diverse microbes plants.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Complex Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in Health and Disease DOI Open Access
Marta Wołosowicz, Sławomir Prokopiuk, Tomasz W. Kamiński

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(24), P. 13691 - 13691

Published: Dec. 21, 2024

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), a zinc-dependent enzyme, plays critical role in the degradation and remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM). As member gelatinase subgroup metalloproteinases, MMP-2 is involved variety physiological processes, including tissue repair, wound healing, angiogenesis, embryogenesis. It primarily responsible for type IV V collagen, fibronectin, laminin, elastin, which are essential components ECM. secreted as an inactive pro-enzyme (proMMP-2) activated through proteolytic cleavage, with its activity being precisely regulated by inhibitors metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Dysregulation has been linked to pathological conditions, cardiovascular diseases, diabetic complications, kidney cancer. In it contributes vascular remodeling, atherosclerosis, aneurysms, while fibrotic mediates excessive ECM leading scarring. diabetes, elevated exacerbates complications such nephropathy, retinopathy, disease. cancer, facilitates tumor invasion metastasis degrading promoting angiogenesis. Despite roles both targeting therapeutic purposes presents challenges due dual functions raising concerns about unplanned consequences impaired healing or damage. These underscore need future research focus on developing selective modulators that can balance their under specific disease environments. Clinical trials modulation highlight potential inhibitors, those MMP-2, reduce progression fibrosarcoma, breast, lung cancers. This paper reviews structure, function, regulation involvement pathogenesis, implications modulating activity.

Language: Английский

Citations

3