Advances in “Omics” Approaches for Improving Toxic Metals/Metalloids Tolerance in Plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 4, 2022

Food safety has emerged as a high-urgency matter for sustainable agricultural production. Toxic metal contamination of soil and water significantly affects productivity, which is further aggravated by extreme anthropogenic activities modern practices, leaving food human health at risk. In addition to reducing crop production, increased metals/metalloids toxicity also disturbs plants' demand supply equilibrium. Counterbalancing toxic demands better understanding the complex mechanisms physiological, biochemical, molecular, cellular, plant level that may result in productivity. Consequently, plants have established different internal defense cope with adverse effects metals/metalloids. Nevertheless, these are not adequate overwhelm toxicity. Plants produce several secondary messengers trigger cell signaling, activating numerous transcriptional responses correlated defense. Therefore, recent advances omics approaches such genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, ionomics, miRNAomics, phenomics enabled characterization molecular regulators associated tolerance, can be deployed developing tolerant plants. This review highlights various response strategies adopted tolerate toxicity, including responses. A seven-(omics)-based design summarized scientific clues reveal stress-responsive genes, proteins, metabolites, miRNAs, trace elements, stress-inducible phenotypes, metabolic pathways could potentially help up face fluctuating environmental conditions. Finally, some bottlenecks future directions been highlighted, enable

Language: Английский

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Climate Change—The Rise of Climate-Resilient Crops

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 490 - 490

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Climate change disrupts food production in many regions of the world. The accompanying extreme weather events, such as droughts, floods, heat waves, and cold snaps, pose threats to crops. concentration carbon dioxide also increases atmosphere. United Nations is implementing climate-smart agriculture initiative ensure security. An element this project involves breeding climate-resilient crops or plant cultivars with enhanced resistance unfavorable environmental conditions. Modern agriculture, which currently homogeneous, needs diversify species cultivated plants. Plant programs should extensively incorporate new molecular technologies, supported by development field phenotyping techniques. Breeders closely cooperate scientists from various fields science.

Language: Английский

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Transcription factors – insights into abiotic and biotic stress resilience and crop improvement

Current Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100434 - 100434

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Climate-Resilient Smart-Crop Breeding

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(19), P. 11156 - 11156

Published: Sept. 22, 2022

Recently, Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a revolutionary field, providing great opportunity in shaping modern crop breeding, and is extensively used indoors for plant science. Advances phenomics, enviromics, together with the other "omics" approaches are paving ways elucidating detailed complex biological mechanisms that motivate functions response to environmental trepidations. These have provided researchers precise tools evaluate important agronomic traits larger-sized germplasm at reduced time interval early growth stages. However, big data relationships within impede understanding of behind genes driving agronomic-trait formations. AI brings huge computational power many new strategies future breeding. The present review will encompass how applications technology, utilized current breeding practice, assist solve problem high-throughput phenotyping gene functional analysis, advances technologies bring opportunities make envirotyping widely Furthermore, methods, linking genotype phenotype remains massive challenge impedes optimal application field phenotyping, genomics, enviromics. In this review, we elaborate on be preferred tool increase accuracy genotyping, data; moreover, explore developing challenges multiomics computing integration. Therefore, integration can allow rapid identification eventually accelerate crop-improvement programs.

Language: Английский

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BREEDIT: a multiplex genome editing strategy to improve complex quantitative traits in maize

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 218 - 238

Published: Sept. 6, 2022

Abstract Ensuring food security for an ever-growing global population while adapting to climate change is the main challenge agriculture in 21st century. Although new technologies are being applied tackle this problem, we approaching a plateau crop improvement using conventional breeding. Recent advances CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene engineering have paved way accelerate plant breeding meet increasing demand. However, many traits governed by multiple small-effect genes operating complex interactive networks. Here, present discovery pipeline BREEDIT, which combines multiplex genome editing of whole families with crossing schemes improve such as yield and drought tolerance. We induced knockouts 48 growth-related into maize (Zea mays) CRISPR/Cas9 generated collection over 1,000 gene-edited plants. The edited populations displayed (on average) 5%–10% increases leaf length up 20% width compared controls. For each family, edits subsets could be associated enhanced traits, allowing us reduce space considered trait improvement. BREEDIT rapidly generate diverse mutants identify promising modifications later use programs.

Language: Английский

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Unravelling consensus genomic regions associated with quality traits in wheat using meta-analysis of quantitative trait loci

Planta, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 255(6)

Published: May 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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Transgressive segregation, hopeful monsters, and phenotypic selection drove rapid genetic gains and breakthroughs in predictive breeding for quantitative resistance to Macrophomina in strawberry

Horticulture Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(2)

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Abstract Two decades have passed since the strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, a necrotrophic soilborne fungal pathogen, began surfacing in California, Florida, and elsewhere. This has become one of most common causes plant death yield losses strawberry. The problem emerged expanded wake global phase-out soil fumigation with methyl bromide appears to been aggravated an increase climate change-associated abiotic stresses. Here we show that sources resistance this pathogen are rare gene banks favorable alleles they carry phenotypically unobvious. latter were exposed transgressive segregation selection populations phenotyped for under heat drought stress. genetic gains immediate dramatic. frequency highly resistant individuals increased from 1% cycle 0 74% 2. Using GWAS survival analysis, found phenotypic had frequencies among 10 loci associated be accumulated four or more these individual acquire resistance. An unexpectedly straightforward solution breeding our studies, which showed cultivars can developed genomic per se marker-assisted stacking comparatively small number large-effect loci.

Language: Английский

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Designing future peanut: the power of genomics-assisted breeding

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 137(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide association mapping and genomic prediction analyses reveal the genetic architecture of grain yield and agronomic traits under drought and optimum conditions in maize

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Drought is a major abiotic stress in sub-Saharan Africa, impacting maize growth and development leading to severe yield loss. tolerance complex trait regulated by multiple genes, making direct grain selection ineffective. To dissect the genetic architecture of flowering traits under drought stress, genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on panel 236 lines testcrossed evaluated managed optimal growing conditions environments using seven multi-locus GWAS models (mrMLM, FASTmrMLM, FASTmrEMMA, pLARmEB, pKWmEB, ISIS EM-BLASSO, FARMCPU) from mrMLM GAPIT R packages. Genomic prediction with RR-BLUP model applied BLUEs across locations optimum conditions. A total 172 stable reliable quantitative nucleotides (QTNs) were identified, which 77 are associated GY, AD, SD, ASI, PH, EH, EPO EPP 95 linked Among these QTNs, 17 QTNs explained over 10% phenotypic variation (R2 ≥ 10%). Furthermore, 43 candidate genes discovered annotated. Two Zm00001eb041070 closely near peak QTN, qGY_DS1.1 (S1_216149215) Zm00001eb364110 related anthesis-silking interval qASI_DS8.2 (S8_167256316) encoding AP2-EREBP transcription factor 60 TCP-transcription 20, respectively stress. Haplo-pheno analysis identified superior haplotypes for higher revealed moderate high accuracies The carrying can be used as potential donors improving Integration genomic results leads not only an increase accuracy but also validate function well accumulation favorable alleles minor effects elite breeding lines. This provides valuable insight into secondary

Language: Английский

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Crop germplasm: Current challenges, physiological-molecular perspective, and advance strategies towards development of climate-resilient crops

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. e12973 - e12973

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Germplasm is a long-term resource management mission and investment for civilization. An estimated ∼7.4 million accessions are held in 1750 plant germplasm centres around the world; yet, only 2% of these assets have been utilized as genetic resources (PGRs). According to recent studies, current food yield trajectory will be insufficient feed world's population 2050. Additionally, possible negative effects terms crop failure because climate change already being experienced across world. Therefore, it necessary reconciliation research advancement innovation practices further exploration potential especially complex traits associated with such water- nitrogen use efficiency. In this review, we tried address challenges, gaps, physiological molecular aspects two broad spectrum nitrogen-use efficiency, advanced integrated strategies that could provide platform combined stress climate-smart development. development technologies directly related characterization was highlighted utilization towards elite varieties.

Language: Английский

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