CRISPR-Based Precision Plant Breeding: Enhancing Crop Improvement through Gene Editing and Plant-Microbe Interactions in Biotechnology DOI

Yuvraj Shekhawat

Published: April 18, 2025

Precision plant breeding and Crispr/cas genome editing have revolutionized agricultural biotechnology opened up previously unheard-of opportunities for further crop improvement. By precisely altering genomes through the use of cas/crispr systems, crops with beneficial traits—like increased disease resistance, better nutritional value, productivity—can be produced more quickly. At same time, improving resilience productivity requires an understanding how microbes or plants interact one another. Plant health depends on microbial populations, which influence growth, stress tolerance, resistance. Gene interactions a cooperative relationship that has potential to completely transform agriculture by enabling innovative sustainable farming practices. Researchers are finding new strategies grow resilient, resource-efficient, high-performing fusing benefits plant-microbe crispr/cas technology. This all-encompassing strategy seeks solve issues posed climate change growing world population while also enhancing food security.

Language: Английский

CRISPR/Cas-mediated plant genome editing: outstanding challenges a decade after implementation DOI Creative Commons
Teodoro Cardi, Jana Murovec, Allah Bakhsh

et al.

Trends in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(10), P. 1144 - 1165

Published: June 16, 2023

The discovery of the CRISPR/Cas genome-editing system has revolutionized our understanding plant genome. been used for over a decade to modify genomes study specific genes and biosynthetic pathways as well speed up breeding in many species, including both model non-model crops. Although is very efficient genome editing, bottlenecks challenges slow down further improvement applications. In this review we discuss that can occur during tissue culture, transformation, regeneration, mutant detection. We also opportunities provided by new CRISPR platforms applications related gene regulation, abiotic biotic stress response improvement, de novo domestication plants.

Language: Английский

Citations

89
Multi-Knock—a multi-targeted genome-scale CRISPR toolbox to overcome functional redundancy in plants DOI
Yangjie Hu,

Priyanka Patra,

Odelia Pisanty

et al.

Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 572 - 587

Published: March 27, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

42
Redesigning crop varieties to win the race between climate change and food security DOI Creative Commons
Kevin V. Pixley, Jill E. Cairns, Santiago López‐Ridaura

et al.

Molecular Plant, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. 1590 - 1611

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Climate change poses daunting challenges to agricultural production and food security. Rising temperatures, shifting weather patterns, more frequent extreme events have already demonstrated their effects on local, regional, global systems. Crop varieties that withstand climate-related stresses are suitable for cultivation in innovative cropping systems will be crucial maximize risk avoidance, productivity, profitability under climate-changed environments. We surveyed 588 expert stakeholders predict current novel traits may essential future pearl millet, sorghum, maize, groundnut, cowpea, common bean varieties, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. then review the progress prospects breeding three prioritized future-essential each of these crops. Experts most priorities remain important, but rates genetic gain must increase keep pace with climate consumer demands. Importantly, predicted include targets also prioritized; example, (1) optimized rhizosphere microbiome, benefits P, N, water use efficiency, (2) performance across or specific systems, (3) lower nighttime respiration, (4) improved stover quality, (5) increased early vigor. further discuss cutting-edge tools approaches discover, validate, incorporate diversity from exotic germplasm into populations unprecedented precision, accuracy, speed. conclude greatest challenge developing crop win race between security might our innovativeness defining boldness breed tomorrow.

Language: Английский

Citations

34
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing techniques and new breeding strategies in cereals – current status, improvements, and perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Sunny Ahmar, Göetz Hensel, Damian Gruszka

et al.

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 69, P. 108248 - 108248

Published: Sept. 2, 2023

Cereal crops, including triticeae species (barley, wheat, rye), as well edible cereals (wheat, corn, rice, oat, rye, sorghum), are significant suppliers for human consumption, livestock feed, and breweries. Over the past half-century, modern varieties of cereal crops with increased yields have contributed to global food security. However, presently cultivated elite crop were developed mainly optimal environmental conditions. Thus, it has become evident that taking into account ongoing climate changes, currently a priority should be given developing new stress-tolerant cultivars. It is necessary enhance accuracy methods time required generate cultivars desired features adapt change keep up world population expansion. The CRISPR/Cas9 system been powerful versatile genome editing tool achieve desirable traits, such high-yielding, stress-tolerant, disease-resistant transgene-free lines in major cereals. Despite recent advances, application faces several challenges, amount develop lines, laboriousness, limited number genotypes may used transformation vitro regeneration. Additionally, through restricted many countries, especially Europe New Zealand, due lack flexibility GMO regulations. This review provides comprehensive update researchers interested improving using gene-editing technologies, CRISPR/Cas9. We will some critical studies on improvements their contributing factors superior technologies.

Language: Английский

Citations

30
Applications and Prospects of CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Base Editing in Plant Breeding DOI Creative Commons
Yizhen Li, Jing Liang,

Bufang Deng

et al.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 45(2), P. 918 - 935

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/associated protein 9 system (Cas9) has been used at length to optimize multiple aspects of germplasm resources. However, large-scale genomic research indicated that novel variations in crop plants are attributed single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Therefore, substituting single bases into a plant genome may produce desirable traits. Gene editing by CRISPR/Cas9 techniques frequently results insertions-deletions (indels). Base allows precise changes the absence double-strand breaks (DSBs) and donor repair templates (DRTs). BEs have provided new way thinking about editing, base currently being utilized edit genomes many different organisms. As traditional breeding modern molecular technologies complement each other, various emerged. How realize greater potential BE applications is question we need consider. Here, explain editings such as CBEs, ABEs, CGBEs. In addition, latest agriculture summarized, including yield, quality, disease, herbicide resistance. Finally, challenges future prospects presented. aim provide comprehensive overview application further improve make most its value.

Language: Английский

Citations

25
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of rice NAC transcription factor genes results in altered innate immunity DOI Creative Commons
Seungmin Son, Giha Song, Suhyeon Nam

et al.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 195(2), P. 1138 - 1142

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Mutating transcription factor genes involved in growth, development, and stress response rice enhances disease resistance to microbial pathogens without suffering a yield penalty.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
CRISPR-Cas9 mediated understanding of plants’ abiotic stress-responsive genes to combat changing climatic patterns DOI

Muhammad Waqas Choudry,

Rabia Riaz,

Pashma Nawaz

et al.

Functional & Integrative Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(4)

Published: July 30, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Harnessing haploid‐inducer mediated genome editing for accelerated maize variety development DOI Creative Commons
Lina Li,

Xiao Fu,

Xiantao Qi

et al.

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Summary The integration of haploid induction and genome editing, termed HI‐Edit/IMGE, is a promising tool for generating targeted mutations crop breeding. However, the technical components stacking suitable maize seed industry have yet to be fully characterised tested. Here, we developed assessed three HI‐Edit/IMGE lines: Edit Wx , Sh & using inducer CHOI3 lines engineered CRISPR‐Cas9 system targeting Waxy1 ( Wx1 ) Shrunken2 Sh2 genes. We meticulously systems, focusing on copy numbers mutant alleles mtl dmp which facilitate induction. Using B73 six other parental major commercial varieties as recipients, demonstrated maternal efficiencies ranging from 8.55% 20.89% mutation rates between 0.38% 1.46%. Comprehensive assessment verified identification, target gene editing accuracy, background integrity, related agronomic traits. Notably, successfully combined distinct systems induce multiple desired mutations, highlighting potential in accelerating edited traits into varieties. Our findings underscore importance meticulous Cas9 number characterisation highlight challenges somatic chimerism. also validated performance single‐cross haploids derived process. results confirm industrial applicability through pollination provide critical insights further optimising this technology.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Prime editing: Mechanism insight and recent applications in plants DOI Creative Commons
Tien Van Vu,

Ngan Thi Nguyen,

Jihae Kim

et al.

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 19 - 36

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Summary Prime editing (PE) technology utilizes an extended prime guide RNA (pegRNA) to direct a fusion peptide consisting of nCas9 (H840) and reverse transcriptase (RT) specific location in the genome. This enables installation base changes at targeted site using portion pegRNA through RT activity. The resulting product reaction forms 3′ flap, which can be incorporated into genomic series biochemical steps involving DNA repair synthesis pathways. PE has demonstrated its effectiveness achieving almost all precise gene editing, such as conversions (all types), sequence insertions deletions, chromosomal translocation inversion long insertion safe harbour sites within In plant science, could serve groundbreaking tool for allowing creation desired alleles improve crop varieties. Nevertheless, application encountered limitations due efficiency constraints, particularly dicotyledonous plants. this review, we discuss step‐by‐step mechanism PE, shedding light on critical aspects each step while suggesting possible solutions enhance efficiency. Additionally, present overview recent advancements future perspectives research specifically focused plants, examining key technical considerations applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Use of GRF‐GIF chimeras and a ternary vector system to improve maize (Zea mays L.) transformation frequency DOI
Wout Vandeputte, Griet Coussens, Stijn Aesaert

et al.

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 119(4), P. 2116 - 2132

Published: June 23, 2024

SUMMARY Maize ( Zea mays L.) is an important crop that has been widely studied for its agronomic and industrial applications one of the main classical model organisms genetic research. Agrobacterium ‐mediated transformation immature maize embryos a commonly used method to introduce transgenes, but low frequency remains bottleneck many gene‐editing applications. Previous approaches enhance included improvement tissue culture media use morphogenic regulators such as BABY BOOM WUSCHEL2 . Here, we show can be increased using pVS1‐VIR2 virulence helper plasmid improve T‐DNA delivery, and/or expressing fusion protein between GROWTH‐REGULATING FACTOR GRF ) GRF‐INTERACTING GIF regeneration. Using hygromycin selection agent avoid escapes, in inbred line B104 significantly improved from 2.3 8.1% when vector with no effect on event quality regarding copy number. Combined novel ZmGRF1 ZmGIF1, frequencies further another 3.5‐ 6.5‐fold obvious impact plant growth, while simultaneously allowing efficient CRISPR‐/Cas9‐mediated gene editing. Our results demonstrate how GRF‐GIF chimera conjunction ternary system potential efficiency molecular biology studies maize.

Language: Английский

Citations

8