The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 400(10363), P. 1619 - 1654

Published: Oct. 25, 2022

Language: Английский

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Technologies and perspectives for achieving carbon neutrality

The Innovation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 100180 - 100180

Published: Oct. 30, 2021

Language: Английский

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Current status and future challenges in implementing and upscaling vertical farming systems

Nature Food, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2(12), P. 944 - 956

Published: Dec. 6, 2021

Language: Английский

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Greenhouse gas emissions from global production and use of nitrogen synthetic fertilisers in agriculture

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Aug. 25, 2022

Abstract The global agri-food system relies on synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilisation to increase crop yields, yet the use of N fertiliser is unsustainable. In this study we estimate greenhouse (GHG) emissions due manufacture, transportation, and field in agricultural systems. By developing largest field-level dataset available 2 O soil national, regional direct emission factors (EFs), while retrieve from literature EFs for indirect emissions, manufacturing transportation. We find that supply chain was responsible estimated 1.13 GtCO e 2018, representing 10.6% 2.1% GHG emissions. Synthetic production accounted 38.8% total fertiliser-associated 58.6% transportation remaining 2.6%. top four emitters together, China, India, USA EU28 62% total. Historical trends reveal great disparity per capita food production. Reducing overall fertilisers offers large mitigation potential many cases realisable reduce

Language: Английский

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Disentangling the numbers behind agriculture-driven tropical deforestation

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(6611)

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Tropical deforestation continues at alarming rates with profound impacts on ecosystems, climate, and livelihoods, prompting renewed commitments to halt its continuation. Although it is well established that agriculture a dominant driver of deforestation, mechanisms remain disputed often lack clear evidence base. We synthesize the best available pantropical provide clarity how drives deforestation. most (90 99%) across tropics 2011 2015 was driven by agriculture, only 45 65% deforested land became productive within few years. Therefore, ending likely requires combining measures create deforestation-free supply chains landscape governance interventions. highlight key remaining gaps including trends, commodity-specific land-use dynamics, data from tropical dry forests Africa.

Language: Английский

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Greenhouse gas emissions from food systems: building the evidence base

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 065007 - 065007

Published: June 1, 2021

Abstract New estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the food system were developed at country level, for period 1990–2018, integrating data crop and livestock production, on-farm energy use, land use change, domestic transport waste disposal. With these new country-level components in place, by adding global regional supply chains, we estimate that total GHG about 16 CO 2 eq yr −1 2018, or one-third anthropogenic total. Three quarters emissions, 13 Gt , generated either within farm gate pre- post-production activities, such as manufacturing, transport, processing, The remainder was through change conversion boundaries natural ecosystems to agricultural land. Results further indicate proportionally more important than developing countries, during decreased while increased. We also report results on a per capita basis, showing world systems decreasing 1990–2018 2.9 2.2 t cap with countries twice those 2018. Our findings highlight conventional IPCC categories, used National inventory, systematically underestimate contribution emissions. provide comparative mapping categories activities order better quantify food-related national reporting identify mitigation opportunities across entire system.

Language: Английский

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National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide since 1850

Scientific Data, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: March 29, 2023

Abstract Anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N O) have made significant contributions to global warming since the pre-industrial period are therefore targeted in international climate policy. There is substantial interest tracking apportioning national change informing equitable commitments decarbonisation. Here, we introduce a new dataset caused by historical dioxide, methane, during years 1851–2021, which consistent with latest findings IPCC. We calculate mean surface temperature response three gases, including recent refinements account for short atmospheric lifetime CH . report resulting from each gas, disaggregation fossil land use sectors. This will be updated annually as datasets updated.

Language: Английский

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Viewpoint: Rigorous monitoring is necessary to guide food system transformation in the countdown to the 2030 global goals

Food Policy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 104, P. 102163 - 102163

Published: Sept. 29, 2021

Food systems that support healthy diets in sustainable, resilient, just, and equitable ways can engender progress eradicating poverty malnutrition; protecting human rights; restoring natural resources. system activities have contributed to great gains for humanity but also led significant challenges, including hunger, poor diet quality, inequity, threats nature. While it is recognized food are central multiple global commitments goals, the Sustainable Development Goals, current trajectories not aligned meet these objectives. As mounting crises further stress systems, consequences of inaction clear. The goal transformation generate a future where all people access diets, which produced sustainable resilient restore nature deliver livelihoods. A rigorous, science-based monitoring framework evidence-based policymaking work those who hold key actors accountable this process. Monitoring illustrate performance, facilitate comparisons across geographies over time, track progress. We propose centered around five thematic areas related (1) nutrition, health; (2) environment climate; (3) livelihoods, poverty, equity; (4) governance; (5) resilience sustainability. hope call attention need monitor globally inform decisions accountability better governance as part Transformation possible next decade, rigorous evidence needed countdown 2030 SDG goals.

Language: Английский

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The role of renewable energy and natural resources for sustainable agriculture in ASEAN countries: Do carbon emissions and deforestation affect agriculture productivity?

Resources Policy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 76, P. 102578 - 102578

Published: Feb. 7, 2022

Language: Английский

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Microalgae as Sources of High-Quality Protein for Human Food and Protein Supplements

Foods, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 3002 - 3002

Published: Dec. 4, 2021

As a result of population growth, an emerging middle-class, and more health-conscious society concerned with overconsumption fats carbohydrates, dietary protein intake is on the rise. To address this rapid change in food market, subsequent high demand for products, agriculture, aquaculture, industry have been working actively recent years to increase product output from both production processing aspects. Dietary proteins derived animal sources are highest quality, containing well-balanced profiles essential amino acids that generally exceed those other sources. However, as studies highlighting low efficiency (e.g., feed conversion) significant environmental impacts, together negative health impacts associated some especially red meats, consumption has remaining steady or even declining over past few decades. fill gap, researchers development specialists at all levels closely discover new protein, such plant-based ingredients. In regard, microalgae recognized strategic crops, which, due their vast biological diversity, distinctive phenotypic traits interactions environment biomass offering possibilities large quantities microalgal through manipulating growing systems conditions bioengineering technologies. Despite this, remain underexploited crops research into nutritional values benefits its infancy. fact, only small handful species being produced commercial scale use human supplements. This review intended provide overview content, impact by factors, evaluation methods. We also attempt present current challenges future directions, hope enhance research, development, commercialization, ultimately meet rapidly increasing market high-quality products.

Language: Английский

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