Life and death in the soil microbiome: how ecological processes influence biogeochemistry

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(7), P. 415 - 430

Published: Feb. 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Global stocks and capacity of mineral-associated soil organic carbon

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: July 1, 2022

Abstract Soil is the largest terrestrial reservoir of organic carbon and central for climate change mitigation carbon-climate feedbacks. Chemical physical associations soil with minerals play a critical role in storage, but amount global capacity storage this form remain unquantified. Here, we produce spatially-resolved estimates mineral-associated stocks carbon-storage by analyzing 1144 globally-distributed profiles. We show that current total 899 Pg C to depth 1 m non-permafrost mineral soils. Although constitutes 66% 70% surface deeper layers, respectively, it only 42% 21% mineralogical capacity. Regions under agricultural management layers undersaturation carbon. Critically, degree indicates sequestration efficiency over years decades. that, across 103 carbon-accrual measurements spanning interventions globally, soils furthest from their are more effective at accruing carbon; rates average 3-times higher one tenth compared half Our findings provide insights into world’s soils, store carbon, priority regions actions management.

Language: Английский

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Global distribution, formation and fate of mineral‐associated soil organic matter under a changing climate: A trait‐based perspective

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(6), P. 1411 - 1429

Published: March 7, 2022

Abstract Soil organic matter (SOM) is the largest actively cycling reservoir of terrestrial carbon (C), and majority SOM in Earth's mineral soils (~65%) mineral‐associated (MAOM). Thus, formation fate MAOM can exert substantial influence on global C cycle. To predict future changes to climate, it critical mechanistically understand processes by which formed decomposed, accurately represent this process‐based understanding biogeochemical Earth system models. In review, we use a trait‐based framework synthesize interacting roles plants, soil micro‐organisms, matrix regulating decomposition. Our proposed differentiates between plant microbial traits that total OM inputs (‘feedstock traits’) versus proportion are ultimately incorporated into (‘MAOM traits’). We discuss how these feedstock may be altered warming, precipitation elevated dioxide. At planetary scale, help shape distribution across biomes, modulate biome‐specific responses climate change. leverage synthesis measurements provide estimates amount MAOM‐C globally (~840–1540 Pg C; 34%–51% C), its biomes. show concentration highest temperate forests grasslands, lowest shrublands savannas. Grasslands croplands have (SOC) fraction (i.e. MAOM‐C:SOC ratio), while boreal tundra ratio. Drawing our trait framework, then review experimental data posit effects change pools different conclude discussing integrated models, included also summarize projected under scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways 4.5 8.5) key model uncertainties. Read free Plain Language Summary for article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the crucial role of soil microorganisms in carbon cycling: A review

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 909, P. 168627 - 168627

Published: Nov. 17, 2023

Language: Английский

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Coupled iron cycling and organic matter transformation across redox interfaces

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(9), P. 659 - 673

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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Unlocking complex soil systems as carbon sinks: multi-pool management as the key

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: June 15, 2023

Much research focuses on increasing carbon storage in mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM), which may persist for centuries to millennia. However, MAOM-targeted management is insufficient because the formation pathways of persistent soil are diverse and vary with environmental conditions. Effective must also consider particulate (POM). In many soils, there potential enlarging POM pools, can over long time scales, be a direct precursor MAOM. We present framework context-dependent strategies that recognizes soils as complex systems conditions constrain MAOM formation.

Language: Английский

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Deconstructing the microbial necromass continuum to inform soil carbon sequestration

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(6), P. 1396 - 1410

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

Abstract Microbial necromass is a large, dynamic and persistent component of soil organic carbon, the dominant terrestrial carbon pool. Quantification stocks its susceptibility to global change becoming standard practice in research. However, typical proxies used for do not reveal nature flows transformations within that ultimately determine persistence. In this review, we define deconstruct four stages continuum: production, recycling, stabilization destabilization. Current understanding dynamics described each continuum stage. We highlight recent advances, methodological limitations knowledge gaps which need be addressed pool sizes transformations. discuss controls on process rates aspects microscale structure including biofilms food web interactions. The relative importance stage then compared contrasting ecosystems climate drivers. From perspective continuum, draw three conclusions inform future First, persistence are more clearly defined when viewed through lens continuum; second, destabilization least understood with recycling also poorly evidenced outside few ecosystems; third, response unresolved most ecosystems. Future mechanistic research focused role biotic abiotic determining organo–mineral organo–organo interactions can different scenarios. Our review demonstrates deconstructing key predicting vulnerability changing world. Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Microbial Necromass in Soils—Linking Microbes to Soil Processes and Carbon Turnover

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 14, 2021

The organic matter of living plants is the precursor material stored in terrestrial soil ecosystems. Although a great deal knowledge exists on carbon turnover processes plant material, some (SOM) formation, particular from microbial necromass, are still not fully understood. Recent research showed that larger part original converted into biomass, while remaining modified by extracellular enzymes microbes. At end its life, biomass contributes to molecular imprint SOM as necromass with specific properties. Next appropriate environmental conditions, heterotrophic microorganisms require energy-containing substrates C, H, O, N, S, P, and many other elements for growth, which provided nutrients contained SOM. As easily degradable often scarce resources soil, we can hypothesize microbes optimize their energy use. Presumably, able mobilize building blocks (mono oligomers fatty acids, amino sugars, nucleotides) stoichiometry This contrast mobilizing only consuming new synthesis primary metabolites tricarboxylic acid cycle after complete degradation substrates. Microbial thus an important resource SOM, mining could be life strategy contributing priming effects providing growth cycles. Due needs microorganisms, conclude formation through depends flux. However, details variability use decay cycles yet understood linked fields science. Here, summarize current gain, use, decay, relevant processes, e. g. pump, C storage, stabilization. We highlight factors controlling contribution implications efficiency (CUE) identify process-based modelling understanding these various types under different climates.

Language: Английский

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Molecular-level understanding of metal ion retention in clay-rich materials

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(7), P. 461 - 476

Published: June 14, 2022

Language: Английский

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The role of clay content and mineral surface area for soil organic carbon storage in an arable toposequence

Biogeochemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 156(3), P. 401 - 420

Published: Oct. 1, 2021

Abstract Correlations between organic carbon (OC) and fine mineral particles corroborate the important role of abundance soil minerals with reactive surfaces to bind increase persistence matter (OM). The storage OM broadly consists particulate mineral-associated forms. Correlative studies on impact mostly combined data from differing sites potentially confounded by other environmental factors. Here, we analyzed in a clay content gradient 5–37% similar farm management composition. Throughout gradient, soils contained 14 mg OC g −1 average bulk without showing any systematic increase. Density fractionation revealed that greater proportion was stored as occluded high (18–37% clay). In low (5–18% clay), fractions had up two times higher contents than soils. Specific surface area measurements more related loading. This suggests there is thicker accrual at same within With increasing content, forms lower implies studied agricultural driven decoupled limitations.

Language: Английский

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