Wearable
sweat
sensors
have
garnered
substantial
attention
owing
to
their
actual
significance
in
the
noninvasive
and
real-time
monitoring
of
health
conditions.
However,
it
remains
significantly
challenging
efficiently
construct
a
high-sensitivity
sensor
with
stable
long-term
sensing
capability.
Herein,
we
report
an
effective
methodology
based
on
wet-spinning/acid-etching
technology
porous
core–shell
yarn-based
wearable
electrochemical
sensor.
This
strategy
increases
inductive
surface
area
ion
concentration
facilitates
signal
transmission.
As
result,
demonstrates
high
sensitivity
for
K+
pH
(54.89
mV/dec
40.2
mV/pH
pH).
Furthermore,
exhibit
outstanding
stability,
good
stability
(>16
h),
satisfactory
bending
resistance
(>1000
cycles).
More
importantly,
yarns
could
be
prepared
at
speeds
up
500
m/h
continuous
preparation
strategy,
which
enabled
mass
fabrication
Electrochemical
serve
as
sweat-sensing
systems
hold
great
potential
commercialization
health-detection
technology.
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18(36), P. 24605 - 24616
Published: Aug. 26, 2024
Sweat
analysis
has
advanced
from
diagnosing
cystic
fibrosis
and
testing
for
illicit
drugs
to
noninvasive
monitoring
of
health
biomarkers.
This
article
introduces
the
rapid
development
wearable
flexible
sweat
sensors,
highlighting
key
milestones
various
sensing
strategies
real-time
analytes.
We
discuss
challenges
such
as
developing
high-performance
nanomaterial-based
biosensors,
ensuring
continuous
production
sampling,
achieving
high
sweat/blood
correlation,
biocompatibility.
The
potential
machine
learning
enhance
these
sensors
personalized
healthcare
is
presented,
enabling
tracking
prediction
physiological
changes
disease
onset.
Leveraging
advancements
in
electronics,
nanomaterials,
biosensing,
data
analytics,
biosensors
promise
revolutionize
management,
prevention,
prediction,
promoting
healthier
lifestyles
transforming
medical
practices
globally.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 4, 2025
Abstract
Recent
advances
in
developing
photonic
technologies
using
various
materials
offer
enhanced
biosensing,
therapeutic
intervention,
and
non‐invasive
imaging
healthcare.
Here,
this
article
summarizes
significant
technological
advancements
materials,
devices,
bio‐interfaced
systems,
which
demonstrate
successful
applications
for
impacting
human
healthcare
via
improved
therapies,
advanced
diagnostics,
on‐skin
health
monitoring.
The
details
of
required
necessary
properties,
device
configurations
are
described
next‐generation
followed
by
an
explanation
the
working
principles
light‐based
therapeutics
diagnostics.
Next,
paper
shares
recent
examples
integrated
systems
focusing
on
translation
immediate
clinical
studies.
In
addition,
limitations
existing
devices
future
directions
smart
discussed.
Collectively,
review
focus
trends
new
nanomaterials,
light
delivery
methods,
system
designs,
mechanical
structures,
material
functionalization,
to
advance
digital
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(36), P. 48139 - 48146
Published: Aug. 28, 2024
Traditional
diagnostic
methods,
such
as
blood
tests,
are
invasive
and
time-consuming,
while
sweat
biomarkers
offer
a
rapid
physiological
assessment.
Surface-enhanced
Raman
spectroscopy
(SERS)
has
garnered
significant
attention
in
analysis
because
of
its
high
sensitivity,
label-free
nature,
nondestructive
properties.
However,
challenges
related
to
substrate
reproducibility
interference
from
the
biological
matrix
persist
with
SERS.
This
study
developed
novel
ratio-based
3D
hydrogel
SERS
chip,
providing
noninvasive
solution
for
real-time
monitoring
pH
glucose
levels
sweat.
Encapsulating
probe
molecule
(4-MBN)
nanoscale
gaps
form
gold
nanoflower-like
nanotags
internal
standards
integrating
them
into
an
agarose
create
flexible
significantly
enhances
stability
analysis.
Gap-Au
nanopetals
modified
molecules
uniformly
dispersed
throughout
porous
structure,
facilitating
effective
detection
The
chip
demonstrates
strong
linear
relationship
detection,
response
range
5.5–8.0
0.01–5
mM,
R2
values
0.9973
0.9923,
respectively.
In
actual
samples,
maximum
error
accuracy
is
only
1.13%,
lower
limit
0.25
mM.
suggests
that
provides
convenient,
reliable,
capabilities
substantial
application
potential
analyzing
body
fluid
glucose.
Sensors,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
25(5), P. 1367 - 1367
Published: Feb. 23, 2025
Wearable
sensors
have
appeared
as
a
promising
solution
for
real-time,
non-invasive
monitoring
in
diverse
fields,
including
healthcare,
environmental
sensing,
and
wearable
electronics.
Surface-enhanced
Raman
spectroscopy
(SERS)-based
leverage
the
unique
properties
of
SERS,
such
plasmonic
signal
enhancement,
high
molecular
specificity,
potential
single-molecule
detection,
to
detect
identify
wide
range
analytes
with
ultra-high
sensitivity
selectivity.
However,
it
is
important
note
that
utilize
various
sensing
mechanisms,
not
all
rely
on
SERS
technology,
their
design
depends
specific
application.
This
comprehensive
review
highlights
recent
trends
advancements
technologies,
focusing
design,
fabrication,
integration
into
practical
devices.
Key
innovations
material
selection,
use
nanomaterials
flexible
substrates,
significantly
enhanced
sensor
performance
wearability.
Moreover,
we
discuss
challenges
miniaturization,
power
consumption,
long-term
stability,
along
solutions
address
these
issues.
Finally,
outlook
technologies
presented,
emphasizing
need
interdisciplinary
research
drive
next
generation
smart
wearables
capable
real-time
health
diagnostics,
monitoring,
beyond.
ACS Sensors,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 31, 2025
Sweat,
a
noninvasive
and
readily
accessible
biofluid,
offers
significant
potential
in
health
monitoring
through
its
diverse
biomarker
profile,
including
electrolytes,
metabolites,
hormones,
which
reflect
physiological
states
real
time.
Multimodal
wearable
sensors,
integrating
chemical,
physical,
thermal
sensing
capabilities,
have
emerged
as
transformative
tools
for
capturing
these
biomarkers
alongside
additional
signals.
By
combining
advanced
materials
such
hydrogels,
MXenes,
graphene
with
innovative
structural
designs,
sensors
enable
simultaneous
of
(e.g.,
glucose,
sodium,
cortisol)
parameters
like
movement
temperature.
This
Review
systematically
explores
the
classification
design
multimodal
emphasizing
their
ability
to
address
challenges
across
applications
metabolic
management,
stress
detection,
hydration
assessment.
Key
innovations
functional
materials,
conductive
hydrogels
biomimetic
structures,
are
discussed
signal
integration,
data
processing,
power
management.
Additionally,
advancements
self-powered
systems
energy
harvesting
technologies
been
highlighted
critical
enablers
continuous,
real-time
monitoring.
The
concludes
perspective
on
future
directions,
need
scalable
manufacturing
techniques,
artificial
intelligence
standardized
frameworks
enhance
sensor
functionality
adoption.
by
seamlessly
into
daily
life,
hold
promise
transforming
personalized
healthcare,
enabling
proactive
management
wellness
noninvasive,
comprehensive,
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 28, 2024
Abstract
The
rapid
development
of
wearable
sweat
sensors
has
demonstrated
their
potential
for
continuous,
non‐invasive
disease
diagnosis
and
health
monitoring.
Emerging
energy
harvesters
capable
converting
various
environmental
sources—biomechanical,
thermal,
biochemical,
solar—into
electrical
are
revolutionizing
power
solutions
devices.
Based
on
self‐powered
technology,
the
integration
with
can
drive
device
biosensing,
signal
processing,
data
transmission.
As
a
result,
able
to
operate
continuously
without
external
or
charging,
greatly
facilitating
electronics
personalized
healthcare.
This
review
focuses
recent
advances
in
healthcare,
covering
sensors,
harvesters,
management,
applications.
begins
foundations
providing
an
overview
detection
methods,
materials,
Then,
working
mechanism,
structure,
characteristic
different
types
discussed.
features
challenges
supply
management
emphasized.
concludes
look
at
future
prospects
outlining
trajectory
field
its
flourish.
