A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 380(9859), P. 2224 - 2260

Published: Dec. 1, 2012

Language: Английский

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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR)

European Heart Journal, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 33(13), P. 1635 - 1701

Published: May 3, 2012

C-reactive protein CURE Clopidogrel in Unstable Angina to Prevent Recurrent Events CVD cardiovascular disease DALYs disability-adjusted life years DBP diastolic blood

Language: Английский

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European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary: Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (Constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts)

European Heart Journal, Journal Year: 2007, Volume and Issue: 28(19), P. 2375 - 2414

Published: May 4, 2007

Guidelines and Expert Consensus Documents summarize evaluate all currently available evidence on a particular issue with the aim to assist physicians in selecting best management strategies for typical patient, suffering from given condition, taking into account impact outcome, as well risk–benefit ratio of diagnostic or therapeutic means. are not substitutes textbooks. The legal implications medical guidelines have been discussed previously. A great number issued recent years by European Society Cardiology (ESC) other societies organizations. Because clinical practice, quality criteria development established order make decisions transparent user. recommendations formulating issuing ESC can be found web site (http://www.escardio.org/knowledge/guidelines/rules). In brief, experts field selected undertake comprehensive review published and/or prevention condition. A critical evaluation procedures is performed, including assessment ratio. Estimates expected health outcomes larger included, where data exist. level strength recommendation treatment options weighed graded according predefined scales, outlined tables below. The writing panels provided disclosure statements relationships they may which might perceived real potential sources conflicts interest. These forms kept file at Heart House, headquarters ESC. Any changes conflict interest that arise during period must notified Task Force report was entirely …

Language: Английский

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The Preventable Causes of Death in the United States: Comparative Risk Assessment of Dietary, Lifestyle, and Metabolic Risk Factors

PLoS Medicine, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 6(4), P. e1000058 - e1000058

Published: April 27, 2009

Knowledge of the number deaths caused by risk factors is needed for health policy and priority setting. Our aim was to estimate mortality effects following 12 modifiable dietary, lifestyle, metabolic in United States (US) using consistent comparable methods: high blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, pressure; overweight-obesity; dietary trans fatty acids salt; low polyunsaturated acids, omega-3 (seafood), fruits vegetables; physical inactivity; alcohol use; tobacco smoking.We used data on factor exposures US population from nationally representative surveys disease-specific statistics National Center Health Statistics. We obtained etiological mortality, age, systematic reviews meta-analyses epidemiological studies that had adjusted (i) major potential confounders, (ii) where possible regression dilution bias. estimated attributable all non-optimal levels each exposure, age sex. In 2005, smoking pressure were responsible an 467,000 (95% confidence interval [CI] 436,000-500,000) 395,000 (372,000-414,000) deaths, accounting about one five or six adults. Overweight-obesity (216,000; 188,000-237,000) inactivity (191,000; 164,000-222,000) nearly 1 10 deaths. High salt (102,000; 97,000-107,000), (84,000; 72,000-96,000), (82,000; 63,000-97,000) risks with largest effects. Although 26,000 (23,000-40,000) ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes averted current use, they outweighed 90,000 (88,000-94,000) other cardiovascular diseases, cancers, liver cirrhosis, pancreatitis, use disorders, road traffic injuries, violence.Smoking pressure, which both have effective interventions, are US. Other chronic diseases also cause a substantial

Language: Английский

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2013 AHA/ACC Guideline on Lifestyle Management to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk

Circulation, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 129(25_suppl_2)

Published: Nov. 13, 2013

Language: Английский

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Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 123(20), P. 2292 - 2333

Published: April 19, 2011

Language: Английский

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Intake of saturated and trans unsaturated fatty acids and risk of all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

BMJ, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. h3978 - h3978

Published: Aug. 11, 2015

Objective To systematically review associations between intake of saturated fat and trans unsaturated all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated coronary heart (CHD) ischemic stroke, type 2 diabetes. Design Systematic meta-analysis. Data sources Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Registry Controlled Trials, Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews, CINAHL from inception to 1 May 2015, supplemented by bibliographies retrieved articles previous reviews. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Observational studies reporting and/or (total, industrially manufactured, or ruminant animals) with CHD/CVD total CHD, extraction synthesis Two reviewers independently extracted data assessed study risks bias. Multivariable relative were pooled. Heterogeneity was quantified. Potential publication bias subgroup analyses undertaken. The GRADE approach used evaluate quality evidence certainty conclusions. Results For fat, three 12 prospective cohort each association pooled (five 17 comparisons 90 501-339 090 participants). Saturated not mortality (relative risk 0.99, 95% confidence interval 0.91 1.09), CVD (0.97, 0.84 1.12), CHD (1.06, 0.95 1.17), stroke (1.02, 0.90 1.15), diabetes (0.95, 0.88 1.03). There no convincing lack (1.15, 0.97 1.36; P=0.10). fats, one six (two seven 942-230 135 Total (1.34, 1.16 1.56), (1.28, 1.09 1.50), (1.21, 1.10 1.33) but (1.07, 1.28) (1.10, 1.27). Industrial, ruminant, fats (1.18 (1.04 v 1.01 (0.71 1.43)) (1.42 (1.05 1.92) 0.93 (0.73 1.18)). Ruminant trans-palmitoleic acid inversely (0.58, 0.46 0.74). outcomes "very low." "moderate" low" "low" other associations. Conclusions are CVD, diabetes, the is heterogeneous methodological limitations. Trans probably because higher levels industrial than fats. Dietary guidelines must carefully consider health effects recommendations alternative macronutrients replace

Language: Английский

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Effects on Coronary Heart Disease of Increasing Polyunsaturated Fat in Place of Saturated Fat: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

PLoS Medicine, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. e1000252 - e1000252

Published: March 22, 2010

Reduced saturated fat (SFA) consumption is recommended to reduce coronary heart disease (CHD), but there an absence of strong supporting evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) clinical CHD events and few guidelines focus on any specific replacement nutrient. Additionally, some public health groups recommend lowering or limiting polyunsaturated (PUFA) consumption, a major potential for SFA.We systematically investigated quantified the effects increased PUFA as SFA, endpoints in RCTs. RCTs were identified by systematic searches multiple online databases through June 2009, grey literature sources, hand-searching related articles citations, direct contacts with experts identify potentially unpublished trials. Studies included if they participants at least 1 year without concomitant interventions, had appropriate control group, reported incidence (myocardial infarction and/or cardiac death). Inclusions/exclusions adjudicated data extracted independently duplicate two investigators population characteristics, intervention diets, follow-up duration, types events, risk ratios, SEs. Pooled calculated using inverse-variance-weighted random meta-analysis. From 346 abstracts, eight met inclusion criteria, totaling 13,614 1,042 events. Average weighted was 14.9% energy (range 8.0%-20.7%) versus 5.0% 4.0%-6.4%) controls. The overall pooled reduction 19% (RR = 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70-0.95, p 0.008), corresponding 10% reduced 0.90, CI 0.83-0.97) each 5% PUFA, statistical heterogeneity (Q-statistic 0.13; I(2) 37%). Meta-regression study duration independent determinant (p 0.017), studies longer showing greater benefits.These findings provide that consuming place SFA reduces This suggests rather than trying lower shift toward would significantly rates CHD. Please see later article Editors' Summary.

Language: Английский

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2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 23(11), P. NP1 - NP96

Published: June 27, 2016

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Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association

Circulation, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 136(3)

Published: June 15, 2017

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading global cause of death, accounting for 17.3 million deaths per year. Preventive treatment that reduces CVD by even a small percentage can substantially reduce, nationally and globally, number people who develop costs caring them. This American Heart Association presidential advisory on dietary fats reviews discusses scientific evidence, including most recent studies, effects saturated fat intake its replacement other types carbohydrates CVD. In summary, randomized controlled trials lowered replaced it with polyunsaturated vegetable oil reduced ≈30%, similar to reduction achieved statin treatment. Prospective observational studies in many populations showed lower coupled higher monounsaturated associated rates major causes death all-cause mortality. contrast, mostly refined sugars not did reduce clinical trials. Replacement unsaturated lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherosclerosis, linking biological evidence incidence Taking into consideration totality satisfying rigorous criteria causality, we conclude strongly lowering replacing fats, especially will recommended shift from should occur simultaneously an overall healthful pattern such as DASH (Dietary Approaches Stop Hypertension) or Mediterranean diet emphasized 2013 Association/American College Cardiology lifestyle guidelines 2015 2020 Dietary Guidelines Americans.

Language: Английский

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