Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(13)

Published: May 8, 2019

Abstract As an emerging clinical modality for cancer treatment, photodynamic therapy (PDT) takes advantage of the cytotoxic activity reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated by light irradiating photosensitizers (PSs) in presence (O 2 ). However, further advancements including tumor selectivity and ROS generation efficiency still required. Substantial efforts devoted to design synthesize smart PSs with optimized properties achieving a desirable therapeutic efficacy. This review summarizes recent progress developing intelligent efficient PDT, ranging from single molecules delicate nanomaterials. The strategies improve through optimizing photoinduced electron transfer energy processes highlighted. Moreover, approaches combine PDT other therapeutics (e.g., chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, radiotherapy) targeted delivery cells or tissue introduced. main challenges application also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Metal complexes in cancer therapy – an update from drug design perspective

Drug Design Development and Therapy, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: Volume11, P. 599 - 616

Published: March 1, 2017

Abstract: In the past, metal-based compounds were widely used in treatment of disease conditions, but lack clear distinction between therapeutic and toxic doses was a major challenge. With discovery cisplatin by Barnett Rosenberg 1960, milestone history cancers witnessed. This forms foundation for modern era anticancer drugs. Platinum drugs, such as cisplatin, carboplatin oxaliplatin, are mainstay cancer, delay accomplishment other hampered progress research this field. Recently, however, there has been an upsurge activities relying on structural information, aimed at improving developing nonclassical platinum complexes whose mechanism action is distinct from known drugs cisplatin. line with this, many more have synthesized redesigning existing chemical structure through ligand substitution or building entire new compound enhanced safety cytotoxic profile. However, because increased emphasis clinical relevance complexes, few these currently trial awaiting ethical approval to join trial. review, we seek give overview previous reviews effect while focusing newly designed their cancer cell lines, well approach drug design molecular target therapy. We optimistic that concept selective targeting remains hope future therapeutics would selectively cells leave healthy unharmed. Keywords: DNA, platinum, metal apoptosis,

Language: Английский

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Supramolecular chemotherapy based on host–guest molecular recognition: a novel strategy in the battle against cancer with a bright future

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 46(22), P. 7021 - 7053

Published: Jan. 1, 2017

Chemotherapy is currently one of the most effective ways to treat cancer. However, traditional chemotherapy faces several obstacles clinical trials, such as poor solubility/stability, non-targeting capability and uncontrollable release drugs, greatly limiting their anticancer efficacy causing severe side effects towards normal tissues. Supramolecular integrating non-covalent interactions a highly promising candidate in this regard can be appropriately used for targeted drug delivery. By taking advantage supramolecular chemistry, some limitations impeding applications solved effectively. Therefore, we present here review summarizing progress cancer treatment based on host-guest recognition provide guidance design new targeting combining diagnostic therapeutic functions. Based large number state-of-the-art studies, our will advance basis promote translational applications.

Language: Английский

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Cisplatin and beyond: molecular mechanisms of action and drug resistance development in cancer chemotherapy

Radiology and Oncology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 53(2), P. 148 - 158

Published: March 28, 2019

Background Platinum-based anticancer drugs are widely used in the chemotherapy of human neoplasms. The major obstacle for clinical use this class is development resistance and toxicity. It therefore very important to understand chemical properties, transport metabolic pathways mechanism actions these compounds. There a large body evidence that therapeutic toxic effects platinum on cells not only consequence covalent adducts formation between complexes DNA but also with RNA many proteins. These processes determine molecular mechanisms underlie as well their Increased expression levels various transporters increased repair platinum-DNA both considered most significant drug resistance. Functional genomics has an increasing role predicting patients' responses drugs. Genetic polymorphisms affecting may play constitute basis individualized approach cancer therapy. Similar influence potential nonplatinum metal compounds activity. Conclusions Cisplatin frequently based chemotherapeutic agent clinically proven combat different types cancers sarcomas.

Language: Английский

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Targeting the Thioredoxin System for Cancer Therapy

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 38(9), P. 794 - 808

Published: June 23, 2017

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in gold–NHC complexes with biological properties

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 48(2), P. 447 - 462

Published: Nov. 26, 2018

This tutorial review covers the recent advances made in study of gold complexes containing N-heterocyclic carbene ligands with biological properties.

Language: Английский

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Update on metal N-heterocyclic carbene complexes as potential anti-tumor metallodrugs

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 329, P. 191 - 213

Published: Sept. 9, 2016

Language: Английский

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The fast-growing field of photo-driven theranostics based on aggregation-induced emission

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 51(6), P. 1983 - 2030

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

This review summarized the progression of AIEgen-based photo-driven theranostics emphasizing on design strategies for efficient photosensitization, photothermal conversion and multimodal functionalities by adjusting excited energy dissipation.

Language: Английский

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Light in Gold Catalysis

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 121(14), P. 8868 - 8925

Published: Jan. 25, 2021

Within the wide family of gold-catalyzed reactions, gold photocatalysis intrinsically features unique elementary steps. When catalysis meets photocatalysis, a valence change center can easily be achieved via electron transfer and radical addition, avoiding use stoichiometric sacrificial external oxidants. The excellent compatibility radicals with catalysts opens door to series important organic transformations, including redox-neutral C–C C–X coupling, C–H activation, formal radical–radical cross-coupling. complexes nicely complements existing photoredox strategies also new avenue for chemistry. This review covers transformations both mononuclear gold(I) (with without photosensitizer) dinuclear photocatalysts. Various fascinating methodologies, their value chemists, current mechanistic understanding are discussed. most recent examples demonstrate feasibility both, participate in excited state energy (EnT), rather than transfer. rare applications gold(III) photocatalysts, homogeneous heterogeneous, summarized.

Language: Английский

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Auranofin mitigates systemic iron overload and induces ferroptosis via distinct mechanisms

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: July 31, 2020

Iron homeostasis is essential for health; moreover, hepcidin-deficiency results in iron overload both hereditary hemochromatosis and iron-loading anemia. Here, we identified modulators by functionally screening hepcidin agonists using a library of 640 FDA-approved drugs human hepatic Huh7 cells. We validated the C57BL/6J mice mouse model (Hfe-/- mice). Our screen revealed that anti-rheumatoid arthritis drug auranofin (AUR) potently upregulates expression. Interestingly, found canonical signaling pathways regulate iron, including Bmp/Smad IL-6/Jak2/Stat3 pathways, play indispensable roles mediating AUR's effects. In addition, AUR induces IL-6 via NF-κB pathway. mice, acute treatment with 5 mg/kg activated IL-6/hepcidin decreased serum transferrin saturation. Whereas chronically treating male Hfe-/- signaling, decreasing systemic overload, but less effective females. Further analyses estrogen reduced ability to induce cells, providing mechanistic explanation ineffectiveness female mice. Notably, high-dose (25 mg/kg) ferroptosis causes lipid peroxidation through inhibition thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD) activity. demonstrate inhibitor ferrostatin significantly protects liver toxicity induced without comprising its beneficial effect on metabolism. conclusion, our findings provide compelling evidence TXNRD key regulator ferroptosis, novel activator distinct mechanisms, suggesting promising approach related disorders.

Language: Английский

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