Wastewater-based surveillance as a tool for public health action: SARS-CoV-2 and beyond DOI
Michael D. Parkins,

Bonita E. Lee,

Nicole Acosta

et al.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(1)

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

SUMMARY Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) has undergone dramatic advancement in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The power and potential this platform technology were rapidly realized when it became evident that not only did WBS-measured SARS-CoV-2 RNA correlate strongly with COVID-19 clinical within monitored populations but also, fact, functioned as a leading indicator. Teams from across globe innovated novel approaches by which wastewater could be collected diverse sewersheds ranging treatment plants (enabling community-level surveillance) to more granular locations including individual neighborhoods high-risk buildings such long-term care facilities (LTCF). Efficient processes enabled extraction concentration highly dilute matrix. Molecular genomic tools identify, quantify, characterize its various variants adapted programs applied these mixed environmental systems. Novel data-sharing allowed information mobilized made immediately available public health government decision-makers even public, enabling evidence-informed decision-making based on local dynamics. WBS since been recognized tool transformative potential, providing near-real-time cost-effective, objective, comprehensive, inclusive data changing prevalence measured analytes space time populations. However, consequence rapid innovation hundreds teams simultaneously, tremendous heterogeneity currently exists literature. This manuscript provides state-of-the-art review established details current work underway expanding scope other infectious targets.

Language: Английский

Correlation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater with COVID-19 disease burden in sewersheds DOI Creative Commons
Jennifer Weidhaas, Zachary T. Aanderud, D. Keith Roper

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 775, P. 145790 - 145790

Published: Feb. 15, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

322
Evaluation of Sampling, Analysis, and Normalization Methods for SARS-CoV-2 Concentrations in Wastewater to Assess COVID-19 Burdens in Wisconsin Communities DOI Creative Commons
Shuchen Feng, Adélaïde Roguet,

Jill S. McClary-Gutierrez

et al.

ACS ES&T Water, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 1(8), P. 1955 - 1965

Published: July 9, 2021

Wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 provides an approach assessing the infection burden across a sewer service area. For these data to be useful public health, measurement variability and relationship case need established. We determined RNA concentrations in influent of 12 wastewater treatment plants from August 2020 January 2021. Technical replicates N1 gene showed relative standard deviation 24%, suggesting it is possible track relatively small (∼30%) changes over time. COVID-19 cases were correlated significantly (ρ ≥ 0.70) large areas, with weaker relationships 0.59) two communities. normalized per capita slightly improved correlations incidence, but normalizing spiked recovery control (BCoV) or fecal marker (PMMoV HF183) reduced number plants. Daily sampling demonstrated that minimum samples collected week needed maintain accuracy trend analysis. The differences strength incidence effect normalization on among communities demonstrate rigorous validation should performed at individual sites where programs are implemented.

Language: Английский

Citations

223
Minimizing errors in RT-PCR detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for wastewater surveillance DOI Creative Commons
Warish Ahmed, Stuart L. Simpson, Paul M. Bertsch

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 805, P. 149877 - 149877

Published: Aug. 25, 2021

Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective and resource-efficient tool gathering community-level public health information, including the incidence of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in wastewater can potentially provide early warning signal COVID-19 infections a community. The capacity world's environmental microbiology virology laboratories SARS-CoV-2 RNA characterization increasing rapidly. However, there are no standardized protocols or harmonized quality assurance control (QA/QC) procedures surveillance. This paper technical review factors that cause false-positive false-negative errors wastewater, culminating recommended strategies be implemented to identify mitigate some these errors. Recommendations include stringent QA/QC measures, representative sampling approaches, virus concentration efficient extraction, PCR inhibition assessment, inclusion sample processing controls, considerations RT-PCR assay selection data interpretation. Clear interpretation guidelines (e.g., determination positive negative samples) critical, particularly when low. Corrective confirmatory actions must place inconclusive results diverging from current trends initial onset reemergence community). It also prudent perform interlaboratory comparisons ensure results' reliability interpretability prospective retrospective analyses. this aim improve detection applications. A silver lining pandemic efficacy continues demonstrated during global crisis. In future, should play important role range other communicable diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

222
The Environmental Microbiology Minimum Information (EMMI) Guidelines: qPCR and dPCR Quality and Reporting for Environmental Microbiology DOI Creative Commons
Mark A. Borchardt, Alexandria B. Boehm, Marc Salit

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 55(15), P. 10210 - 10223

Published: July 21, 2021

Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and digital PCR (dPCR) methods have revolutionized environmental microbiology, yielding organism-specific data of nucleic acid targets in the environment. Such are essential for characterizing interactions processes microbial communities, assessing contaminants environment (water, air, fomites), developing interventions (water treatment, surface disinfection, air purification) to curb infectious disease transmission. However, our review recent qPCR dPCR literature field health-related microbiology showed that many researchers not reporting necessary sufficient controls methods, which would serve strengthen their study results conclusions. Here, we describe application, utility, interpretation suite needed make high quality measurements microorganisms Our presentation is organized by discrete steps operations typical this measurement process. We propose systematic terminology minimize ambiguity aid comparisons among studies. Example schemes batching combining efficient work flow demonstrated. critical elements enhancing credibility, provide an element checklist Supporting Information. Additionally, present several key principles metrology as context laboratories devise own assurance control framework. Following EMMI guidelines will improve comparability reproducibility studies better inform engineering public health actions preventing transmission through pathways, most pressing issues discipline, focus weight evidence direction toward solutions.

Language: Английский

Citations

196
Tracking cryptic SARS-CoV-2 lineages detected in NYC wastewater DOI Creative Commons
Davida S. Smyth, Mónica Trujillo, Devon A. Gregory

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

Tracking SARS-CoV-2 genetic diversity is strongly indicated because diversifying selection may lead to the emergence of novel variants resistant naturally acquired or vaccine-induced immunity. To monitor New York City (NYC) for presence variants, we deep sequence most receptor binding domain coding S protein isolated from wastewater. Here report detecting increasing frequencies cryptic lineages not recognized in GISAID's EpiCoV database. These contain mutations that had been rarely observed clinical samples, including Q493K, Q498Y, E484A, and T572N share many with Omicron variant concern. Some these expand tropism pseudoviruses by allowing infection cells expressing human, mouse, rat ACE2 receptor. Finally, containing spike amino acid were different classes neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. We offer several hypotheses anomalous lineages, possibility are derived unsampled human COVID-19 infections they indicate a non-human animal reservoir.

Language: Английский

Citations

179
Using Wastewater Surveillance Data to Support the COVID-19 Response — United States, 2020–2021 DOI Open Access
Amy Kirby, Maroya Spalding Walters, Wiley C. Jennings

et al.

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 70(36), P. 1242 - 1244

Published: Sept. 9, 2021

Wastewater surveillance, the measurement of pathogen levels in wastewater, is used to evaluate community-level infection trends, augment traditional surveillance that leverages clinical tests and services (e.g., case reporting), monitor public health interventions (1). Approximately 40% persons infected with SARS-CoV-2, virus causes COVID-19, shed RNA their stool (2); therefore, trends SARS-CoV-2 infections, both symptomatic asymptomatic (2) can be tracked through wastewater testing (3-6). CDC launched National Surveillance System (NWSS) September 2020 coordinate programs implemented by state, tribal, local, territorial departments support COVID-19 pandemic response. In United States, was not previously at national level. As August 2021, NWSS includes 37 states, four cities, two territories. This report summarizes activities describes innovative applications data which have included generating alerts local jurisdictions, allocating mobile resources, evaluating irregularities refining messaging, forecasting resource needs. complements enables intervene earlier focused communities experiencing increasing concentrations wastewater. The ability conduct affected access care or capacity community. Robust, sustainable implementation requires for testing, analysis, interpretation. Partnerships between utilities are needed leverage response rapid assessment emerging threats preparedness future pandemics.

Language: Английский

Citations

176
Uncertainties in estimating SARS-CoV-2 prevalence by wastewater-based epidemiology DOI Open Access
Xuan Li, Shuxin Zhang, Jiahua Shi

et al.

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 415, P. 129039 - 129039

Published: Feb. 21, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

173
Understanding and managing uncertainty and variability for wastewater monitoring beyond the pandemic: Lessons learned from the United Kingdom national COVID-19 surveillance programmes DOI Creative Commons
Matthew J. Wade, Anna Lo Jacomo, Elena Armenise

et al.

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 424, P. 127456 - 127456

Published: Oct. 9, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has put unprecedented pressure on public health resources around the world. From adversity, opportunities have arisen to measure state and dynamics of human disease at a scale not seen before. In United Kingdom, evidence that wastewater could be used monitor SARS-CoV-2 virus prompted development National surveillance programmes. pace this work proven unique in monitoring national level, demonstrating importance wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) for protection. Beyond COVID-19, it can provide additional value informing range biological chemical markers health. A discussion measurement uncertainty associated with wastewater, focusing lessons-learned from UK programmes is presented, showing sources impacting quality interpretation data decision-making, are varied complex. While some factors remain poorly understood, we present approaches taken by manage mitigate more tractable uncertainty. This provides platform integrate management into WBE activities as part global One Health initiatives beyond pandemic.

Language: Английский

Citations

170
Evaluating recovery, cost, and throughput of different concentration methods for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater-based epidemiology DOI Creative Commons

Zachary W. LaTurner,

David M. Zong, Prashant Kalvapalle

et al.

Water Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 197, P. 117043 - 117043

Published: March 18, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

164
Targeted wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 on a university campus for COVID-19 outbreak detection and mitigation DOI Open Access
Laura C. Scott, Alexandra Aubee, Layla Babahaji

et al.

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 200, P. 111374 - 111374

Published: May 29, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

160