Helvetica Chimica Acta,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
Abstract
The
integration
of
sustainable
practices,
such
as
employing
renewable
light
sources
for
synthesizing
valuable
synthetic
scaffolds,
has
been
progressing
over
the
past
few
decades.
Among
these
noteworthy
organic
frameworks,
lactams,
particularly
γ‐lactams,
have
established
their
prominence
due
to
extensive
applications
in
pharmaceutical,
agricultural,
and
medicinal
domains.
This
growing
significance
γ‐lactams
spurred
considerable
interest
synthesis,
especially
via
milder,
more
sustainable,
environmentally
friendly
methods.
In
recent
years,
numerous
innovative
reaction
mechanisms
explored,
highlighting
how
photocatalysis
can
enable
formation
from
readily
accessible
precursors
through
C−N
bond
cyclization
processes.
review
emphasizes
potential
photocatalytic
strategies
not
only
enhance
current
methods
but
also
foster
development
greener
chemical
processes
future.
Synlett,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
34(12), P. 1327 - 1342
Published: Jan. 13, 2023
Abstract
Carbon
dioxide
(CO2)
is
widely
known
as
being
a
sustainable
C1
synthon
for
the
synthesis
of
various
carboxylic
acid
derivatives,
including
essential
natural
and
unnatural
amino
acids.
While
it
sustainable,
high
thermodynamic
stability
kinetic
inertness
CO2
molecule
major
drawback
to
its
wider
use
in
organic
synthesis.
However,
reduction
this
inert
highly
stable
has
been
carried
out
successfully
over
past
few
years
using
stoichiometric
well
catalytic
approaches.
Initially,
chemists
employed
transition-metal/transition-metal-free
thermochemical
methods
incorporation
into
compounds,
however,
gradually,
introduction
greener
approaches
such
visible-light-induced
photoredox
catalysis
electrocatalysis
became
revolutionary
acids
under
mild
reaction
conditions.
In
short
review,
we
discuss
recent
advances
carboxylation
reactions
via
functionalization
(sp3)C–H
bonds
molecules
with
thermochemical,
photochemical
electrochemical
methods.
1
Introduction
2
Transition-Metal/Transition-Metal-Free
Thermochemical
Carbox
ylations
C(sp3)–H
Bonds
2.1
Bond
Carboxylation
Carbonyls
2.2
Allylic,
Benzylic
Alkyl
3
Photochemical
3.1
Allylic
3.2
4
Electrochemical
5
Conclusion
Outlook
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
62(36)
Published: April 19, 2023
In
contrast
to
stable
and
natural
abundant
carbon-12,
the
synthesis
of
organic
molecules
with
carbon
(radio)isotopes
must
be
conceived
optimized
in
order
navigate
through
hurdles
radiochemical
requirements,
such
as
high
costs
starting
materials,
harsh
conditions
radioactive
waste
generation.
addition,
it
initiate
from
small
cohort
available
C-labeled
building
blocks.
For
long
time,
multi-step
approaches
have
represented
sole
patterns.
On
other
side,
development
chemical
reactions
based
on
reversible
cleavage
C-C
bonds
might
offer
new
opportunities
reshape
retrosynthetic
analysis
radiosynthesis.
This
review
aims
provide
a
short
survey
recently
emerged
isotope
exchange
technologies
that
effective
opportunity
for
late-stage
labeling.
At
present,
strategies
relied
use
primary
easily
accessible
radiolabeled
C1-building
blocks,
dioxide,
monoxide
cyanides,
while
activation
principles
been
thermal,
photocatalytic,
metal-catalyzed
biocatalytic
processes.
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
96(8), P. 824 - 841
Published: July 21, 2023
Abstract
In
this
Account,
transition
metal-catalyzed
carboxylation
reactions
developed
in
our
laboratory
are
summarized
according
to
the
type
of
reaction.
Design
new
metal
catalysts
or
catalyst
systems
is
essential
part
study
and
emphasis
placed
on
mechanistic
aspects
newly
reactions,
which
have
attracted
interest
research.
The Journal of Organic Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
88(6), P. 3822 - 3829
Published: Feb. 27, 2023
We
report
the
use
of
dual
nickel
photocatalysis
in
synthesis
O-aryl
carbamates
from
aryl
iodides
or
bromides,
amines,
and
carbon
dioxide.
The
reaction
proceeded
visible
light,
at
ambient
dioxide
pressure,
without
stoichiometric
activating
reagents.
Mechanistic
analysis
is
consistent
with
a
Ni(I-III)
cycle,
where
active
species
generated
by
photocatalyst.
rate-limiting
steps
were
photocatalyst-mediated
reduction
Ni(II)
to
Ni(I)
subsequent
oxidative
addition
halide.
physical
properties
photocatalyst
critical
for
promoting
formation
over
various
byproducts.
Nine
new
phthalonitrile
photocatalysts
synthesized,
which
exhibited
that
vital
achieve
high
selectivity
activity.
Organic Letters,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
26(18), P. 3940 - 3944
Published: April 30, 2024
Transition-metal-catalyzed
lactamization
and
lactonization
of
C–H
bonds
with
CO2
assisted
by
the
chelation
amino
or
hydroxyl
groups
have
been
developed
but
limited
to
use
precious
metal
catalysts
such
as
palladium
rhodium.
In
this
work,
we
report
nonprecious
nickel-catalyzed
reaction
2-arylanilines
under
redox-neutral
conditions
via
bond
activation.
The
displayed
excellent
functional
group
tolerance,
providing
various
phenanthridinones
moderate
high
yields.
Green Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This
paper
reviews
progress
in
the
photochemical/electrochemical
construction
of
heterocyclic
compounds
using
CO
2
,
differentiating
between
various
reaction
types
and
elucidating
their
underlying
mechanisms
as
well
potential
applications.
