Fundamentals, status and challenges of direct recycling technologies for lithium ion batteries

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 52(23), P. 8194 - 8244

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Unlike conventional recycling methods that focus on 'extraction', direct aims for 'repair', which necessitates selecting and designing a strategy based the failure mechanisms of spent lithium ion battery materials.

Language: Английский

---

Deep eutectic solvents for catalytic biodiesel production from liquid biomass and upgrading of solid biomass into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(19), P. 7410 - 7440

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Serious environmental issues triggered by abundant carbon dioxide emissions and the gradual depletion of traditional fossil fuels are calling for development renewable energy.

Language: Английский

---

Choline chloride–ethylene glycol based deep-eutectic solvents as lixiviants for cobalt recovery from lithium-ion battery cathode materials: are these solvents really green in high-temperature processes?

Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(17), P. 6685 - 6695

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Deep-eutectic solvents (DESs) are often considered to be safe, eco-friendly and non-toxic solvents. Due these green credentials, they increasingly being studied for application in metal recycling processes. One example is their use as lixiviants the recovery of cobalt from lithium oxide (LiCoO

Language: Английский

---

Selective Extraction of Critical Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(9), P. 3940 - 3950

Published: Feb. 17, 2023

Selective and highly efficient extraction technologies for the recovery of critical metals including lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese from spent lithium-ion battery (LIB) cathode materials are essential in driving circularity. The tailored deep eutectic solvent (DES) choline chloride–formic acid (ChCl–FA) demonstrated a high selectivity efficiency extracting mixed (LiFePO4:Li(NiCoMn)1/3O2 mass ratio 1:1) under mild conditions (80 °C, 120 min) with solid–liquid 1:200. leaching performance could be further enhanced by mechanochemical processing because particle size reduction, grain refinement, internal energy storage. Furthermore, reactions effectively inhibited undesirable nontarget elements (iron phosphorus), thus promoting metals. This was achieved through preoxidation Fe stability iron phosphate framework, which significantly increased separation factor to 56.9 1475. proposed combination ChCl–FA reaction can achieve selective multisource LIBs conditions.

Language: Английский

---

Challenges in Recycling Spent Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Spotlight on Polyvinylidene Fluoride Removal

Global Challenges, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(3)

Published: Feb. 5, 2023

Abstract In the recycling of retired lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), cathode materials containing valuable metals should be first separated from current collector aluminum foil to decrease difficulty and complexity in subsequent metal extraction. However, strong binding force organic binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) prevents effective separation Al foil, thus affecting recycling. This paper reviews composition, property, function, mechanism PVDF, elaborates on technologies material (e.g., physical separation, solid‐phase thermochemistry, solution chemistry, solvent chemistry) as well corresponding reaction behavior transformation mechanisms PVDF. Due characteristic variation systems, dissolution, swelling, melting, degradation processes PVDF exhibit considerable differences, posing new challenges efficient spent LIBs worldwide. It is critical separate recycle reduce environmental risks recovery resources. Developing fluorine‐free alternative solid‐state electrolytes a potential way mitigate pollution EV era.

Language: Английский

---

Deep eutectic solvents as an emerging green platform for the synthesis of functional materials

Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 3627 - 3669

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) enable many processes to be environmentally friendly. This Tutorial Review aims showcase the roles of DESs in synthesis functional materials from a green chemistry perspective.

Language: Английский

---

Tuning ionic liquid-based functional deep eutectic solvents and other functional mixtures for CO2 capture

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 463, P. 142298 - 142298

Published: March 10, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Sustainable Lithium Recovery from Hypersaline Salt-Lakes by Selective Electrodialysis: Transport and Thermodynamics

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(39), P. 14747 - 14759

Published: Sept. 18, 2023

Evaporative technology for lithium mining from salt-lakes exacerbates freshwater scarcity and wetland destruction, suffers protracted production cycles. Electrodialysis (ED) offers an environmentally benign alternative continuous extraction is amenable to renewable energy usage. Salt-lake brines, however, are hypersaline multicomponent mixtures, the impact of complex brine-membrane interactions remains poorly understood. Here, we quantify influence solution composition, salinity, acidity on counterion selectivity thermodynamic efficiency electrodialysis, leveraging 1250 original measurements with salt-lake brines that span four feed salinities, three pH levels, five current densities. Our experiments reveal commonly used binary cation solutions, which neglect Na+ K+ transport, may overestimate Li+/Mg2+ by 250% underpredict specific consumption (SEC) a factor 54.8. As result conditions, exposure brine weakens efficacy Donnan exclusion, amplifying Mg2+ leakage. Higher densities enhance potential across solution-membrane interface ameliorate degradation brines. However, steep trade-off between governs ED's performance: 6.25 times enhancement in accompanied 71.6% increase SEC. Lastly, our analysis suggests industrial-scale ED module can meet existing capacities, while being powered photovoltaic farm utilizes <1% salt-flat area.

Language: Английский

---

Recycling of waste lithium-ion batteries via a one-step process using a novel deep eutectic solvent

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 902, P. 166095 - 166095

Published: Aug. 8, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Green recycling of spent Li-ion battery cathodes via deep-eutectic solvents

Energy & Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 867 - 884

Published: Dec. 26, 2023

This review highlights deep-eutectic solvents for green recycling of spent Li-ion battery cathodes towards future commercialization.

Language: Английский

---