Photoinduced, metal- and photosensitizer-free decarboxylative C–H (amino)alkylation of heteroarenes in a sustainable solvent

Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 1975 - 1981

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

This study describes a green and sustainable photoinduced strategy for decarboxylative C–H (amino)alkylation of heteroarenes with carboxylic acids under metal- photosensitizer-free conditions.

Language: Английский

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General and Modular Route to (Halo)alkyl BCP-Heteroaryls Enabled by α-Aminoalkyl Radical-Mediated Halogen-Atom Transfer

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 619 - 627

Published: Dec. 28, 2023

Synthesis of bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) heteroaryls continues to be a part the most important tasks in organic synthesis because they are significant class bioisosteres with universal applications drug discovery. However, substrate scope current multicomponent reactions is limited tertiary alkyl radicals and prefunctionalized (het)arenes due their intrinsic mechanisms, resulting decrease application value. Herein, we report straightforward alternative for (halo)alkyl BCP-heteroaryls from [1.1.1]propellane enabled by α-aminoalkyl radical-mediated halogen-atom transfer (XAT). Carbon derived commonly available precursors such as primary, secondary, halides polyhalides perform additions onto give BCP radicals, which then engage C–H/C–C couplings different heteroarenes. A wide range easily constructed moderate-to-good yields. Late-stage functionalization performed on approved derivatives proceeds good efficiency produce corresponding BCP-heteroaryls. The control experiments density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal radical nature reaction. This approach not only verifies (XAT) strategy but also provides practical efficient route multifunctionalized BCPs, significantly expands BCP-heteroaryl-type development.

Language: Английский

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Synthesis of 1-(Halo)alkyl-3-heteroaryl Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes Enabled by a Photocatalytic Minisci-type Multicomponent Reaction

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 6247 - 6258

Published: April 10, 2024

Aryl-substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP-aryl) derivatives represent the most important bioisosteres of biaryl scaffolds and widely exist in numerous complex pharmaceutical molecules. The current synthetic method limitations using only tertiary radical precursors, prefunctionalized heteroarenes, toxic transition metals, expensive photocatalysts make it urgent to develop a more simple practical protocol. To confront enrich Minisci-type chemistry, herein, we disclose photocatalytic multicomponent reaction for synthesis various (halo)alkyl BCP-aryls [1.1.1]propellane, alkyl halides, unfunctionalized heteroarenes as starting materials. Diverse kinds radicals (primary, secondary, carbons) derived from chlorides, bromides, fluoroalkyl iodides are very compatible this transformation. practicability is additionally boosted by product derivatizations late-stage functionalization pharmaceutically relevant mechanistic studies demonstrate that relay mechanism initiated consecutive photoinduced electron transfer (ConPET) process operation. We anticipate methodology would act useful tool biaryl-type drug derivatives, ultimately resulting great utility discovery program.

Language: Английский

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Light‐Driven Synthesis and Functionalization of Bicycloalkanes, Cubanes and Related Bioisosteres

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 63(14)

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Bicycloalkanes, cubanes and their structural analogues have emerged as bioisosteres of (hetero)arenes. To meet increasing demand, the chemical community has developed a plethora novel synthetic methods. In this review, we assess progress made in field light-driven construction functionalization such relevant molecules. We focused on diverse targets, well reaction processes giving access to: (i) [1.1.1]-bicyclopentanes (BCPs); (ii) [2.2.1]-bicyclohexanes (BCHs); (iii) [3.1.1]-bicycloheptanes (BCHeps); (iv) cubanes; other structurally related scaffolds. Finally, future perspectives dealing with identification manifolds to new functionalized bioisosteric units are discussed.

Language: Английский

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Paired Electrolysis-Enabled Arylation of Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 89(9), P. 6117 - 6125

Published: April 24, 2024

The first paired electrolysis-enabled arylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones was achieved using cyanoarenes as the reagents. A variety 3-arylquinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with various important functional groups were obtained in moderate to good yields under metal- and chemical oxidant-free conditions. With a pair reductive oxidative processes occurring among substrates reaction intermediates, power consumption can be dramatically reduced.

Language: Английский

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Radical Perfluoroalkylation of Aliphatic Substrates

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 7756 - 7794

Published: May 25, 2023

A selection of perfluoroalkylation reactions aliphatic substrates that display methodological and synthetic amplitude will be studied, giving examples their applications mechanistic details. An array approaches for fluoroalkylation are documented; in particular, radical protocols prominent among methods. To effect, addition perfluoroalkyl radicals RF (RF=CnF2n+1, n > 1) to unsaturated organic serve as one the most direct efficacious ways access fluoroalkylated scaffolds. The syntheses perfluoroalkyl-substituted vinyl, alkynyl, allylic compounds; hydro-, iodo-, oxy-perfluoroalkylated alkanes olefins; carbonyl enamides, amides, thioamides, hydrazones; multicomponent studied. While there a number accomplished reports on organofluorination, we aim provide an overview radical-involved substrates, covering from 2018 early 2023, summarized Tables 1–4.

Language: Английский

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A General and Practical Route to Functionalized Bicyclo[1.1.1]Pentane‐Heteroaryls Enabled by Photocatalytic Multicomponent Heteroarylation of [1.1.1]Propellane

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(24)

Published: April 15, 2023

Abstract 1‐Aryl‐substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs) are an important class of BCP derivatives with widespread application in drug development. Most syntheses these materials require multiple chemical steps via electrophiles or nucleophiles derived from [1.1.1]propellane. Although one‐step, multicomponent radical cross‐coupling reactions could provide a more sustainable and rapid route to access diverse heteroarylated BCPs, current approaches limited tertiary alkyl radicals, leading decrease their practical value. In this study, conceptually different approach enabled by heteroarylation [1.1.1]propellane functionalized BCPs is described. Importantly, protocol compatible primary‐, secondary‐, aliphatic as well various fluoroalkyl sources, thus enabling library generation sought‐after for

Language: Английский

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α-Amino Radical-Mediated Difunctionalization of Alkenes with Polyhaloalkanes and N-Heteroarenes

Organic Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(11), P. 1994 - 1998

Published: March 15, 2023

Herein, we report a mild and practical protocol for the α-perchloroalkyl β-heteroarylation of alkenes using available chloroform as dichloromethyl source via α-amino radical-mediated halogen-atom transfer. Various substrates are compatible under reaction conditions, providing corresponding products in moderate to good yields. This strategy gives an efficient convenient method introduction chloroalkyl motifs into N-heteroarenes. The control experiment demonstrates that radical generated situ is key intermediate transformation.

Language: Английский

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A General Approach for the Synthesis of Cyanoisopropyl Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) Motifs by Energy Transfer Process

Organic Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(33), P. 7060 - 7065

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) heteroaryls make up an important class of BCP derivatives in drug discovery. Herein, we report the visible-light-mediated synthesis cyanoisopropyl BCP-heteroaryls motifs from

Language: Английский

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Energy-transfer photocatalysis for Minisci C–H (amino)alkylation of heteroarenes using oxime esters as dual-role reagents

Organic Chemistry Frontiers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(18), P. 5122 - 5129

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This study demonstrates a strategy involving photoinduced energy transfer for decarboxylative Minisci C–H (amino)alkylation of heteroarenes employing diverse oxime esters (from carboxylic acids) as (amino)alkylating reagents.

Language: Английский

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