Unlocking the Potential of Bacillus subtilis: A Comprehensive Study on Mycotoxin Decontamination, Mechanistic Insights, and Efficacy Assessment in a Liquid Food Model DOI Creative Commons
Donato Greco, Vito D’Ascanio, Elisa Santovito

et al.

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 360 - 360

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Mycotoxin detoxification by microorganisms offers a specific, economical, and environmentally sustainable alternative to physical/chemical methods. Three strains of B. subtilis, isolated from poultry farm environments recognized EFSA as safe in animal nutrition for all species, consumers, the environment, were screened their ability remove mycotoxins. All them demonstrated mycotoxin-dependent removal efficacy, being very effective against ZEA its analogues (α- β-ZOL, α- β-ZAL, ZAL) achieving up 100% within 24 h under aerobic, anaerobic, restrictive growth conditions with toxins sole carbon source. remained across wide range pH values (5–8), temperatures (20–40 °C), at high toxin concentrations (up 10 µg/mL). Additionally, 87% was achieved after 48 incubation (30 °C) contaminated liquid food model containing 1 µg/mL toxin. Mechanistic studies suggest that involves metabolic processes rather than physical adsorption or entrapment into bacterial cells. Enzymatic activities cells associated cell walls likely play role metabolization Interestingly, it has been observed culture media can influence and/or conjugation toxin, which result production various metabolites. Further investigation is needed identify these metabolites assess safety.

Language: Английский

Characterization of the Phosphotransferase from Bacillus subtilis 1101 That Is Responsible for the Biotransformation of Zearalenone DOI Creative Commons
Yuzhuo Wu, Qun Zhou, Junqiang Hu

et al.

Toxins, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 21 - 21

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Bacillus microorganisms play an important role in the zearalenone (ZEA) biotransformation process natural environments. The phosphotransferase pathway is both widespread and relatively well conserved. However, reaction kinetics of these phosphotransferases remain poorly understood, their catalytic activities are suboptimal. In this study, a ZEA phosphotransferase, ZPH1101, was identified from subtilis 1101 using genome sequencing. product transformed by ZPH1101 as phosphorylated (ZEA-P) through LC-TOF-MS/MS analysis. experiments conducted on MCF-7 cells demonstrated that ZEA-P exhibited lower level estrogenic toxicity than ZEA. optimal conditions for were determined to be 45 °C pH 8.0. maximum velocity (Vmax), Michaelis constant (Km), (kcat) calculated fitting 16.40 μM·s-1·mg-1, 18.18 μM, 54.69 s-1, respectively. Furthermore, adding 1 mmol/L Fe2+ or Fe3+ system increased efficiency converting 100% relative containing solely ATP Mg2+, suggesting low concentrations can improve ZPH1101-mediated transformation This study contributes enzymatic removal broadens spectrum strain enzyme options available researchers detoxification efforts.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Mycotoxin Biodegradation by Bacillus Bacteria—A Review DOI Creative Commons
Thanh Nguyen, Xiaojing Chen, Linlin Ma

et al.

Toxins, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 478 - 478

Published: Nov. 4, 2024

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by various types of fungi that known to contaminate food products; their presence in the chain poses significant risks human and animal health leads enormous economic losses feed industry worldwide. Ensuring safety quality detoxifying mycotoxin is therefore paramount importance. Several procedures control fungal toxins have been extensively investigated, such as preventive measures, physical chemical methods, biological strategies. In recent years, microbial degradation mycotoxins has attracted much attention due its reliability, efficiency, cost-effectiveness. Notably, bacterial species from Bacillus genus emerged promising candidates for decontamination owing diverse metabolic capabilities resilience harsh environmental conditions. This review manuscript aims provide a summary studies on biodegradation bacteria, thereby illustrating potential applications development mycotoxin-degrading products.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Biodegradation of ZEN by Bacillus mojavensis L-4: analysis of degradation conditions, products, degrading enzymes, and whole-genome sequencing, and its application in semi-solid-state fermentation of contaminated cornmeal DOI Creative Commons
Jong‐Soo Chang, Wenxuan Dong,

Shansong Gao

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 26, 2025

Zearalenone (ZEN), a naturally occurring estrogenic mycotoxin prevalent in cereals and animal feed, poses significant challenge to livestock industry owing its detrimental effects on reproduction. In this study, the strains with high degradation rate were screened through co-culture ZEN, identified by bacterial morphology, 16S rDNA sequencing whole genome sequencing. The detoxification effect of L-4 strain ZEN was evaluated under different concentration, treatment time, pH value temperature, products identified, contaminated corn meal evaluated. degrading enzyme sequence obtained protein analysis L-4, verified molecular binding addition catalase. We isolated Bacillus mojavensis from cecal content laying hens, which demonstrated exceptional ZEN-degrading efficiency. Under optimized conditions (pH 7.0, 37 °C), completely degraded 0.5–1.0 μg/mL into less toxic 15-OH-ZEN within 24 h. Importantly, achieved 49.41% for cornmeal. Whole-genome revealed presence genes enzymes. particular, efeB 3668, peroxidase-like homology (95.91%) BsDyP subtilis , played key role primarily hydrogen bonding hydrophobic interactions. Thus, rapid effective B. coupled adaptability diverse environments, underscores potential application safeguarding health mitigating environmental pollution.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
An integrated study on the interactions of Lactobacillus brevis components with deoxynivalenol and zearalenone DOI
Fatemeh Adami Ghamsari, Abdolamir Ghadaksaz, Maryam Ebrahimi

et al.

Process Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Unlocking the Potential of Bacillus subtilis: A Comprehensive Study on Mycotoxin Decontamination, Mechanistic Insights, and Efficacy Assessment in a Liquid Food Model DOI Creative Commons
Donato Greco, Vito D’Ascanio, Elisa Santovito

et al.

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 360 - 360

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Mycotoxin detoxification by microorganisms offers a specific, economical, and environmentally sustainable alternative to physical/chemical methods. Three strains of B. subtilis, isolated from poultry farm environments recognized EFSA as safe in animal nutrition for all species, consumers, the environment, were screened their ability remove mycotoxins. All them demonstrated mycotoxin-dependent removal efficacy, being very effective against ZEA its analogues (α- β-ZOL, α- β-ZAL, ZAL) achieving up 100% within 24 h under aerobic, anaerobic, restrictive growth conditions with toxins sole carbon source. remained across wide range pH values (5–8), temperatures (20–40 °C), at high toxin concentrations (up 10 µg/mL). Additionally, 87% was achieved after 48 incubation (30 °C) contaminated liquid food model containing 1 µg/mL toxin. Mechanistic studies suggest that involves metabolic processes rather than physical adsorption or entrapment into bacterial cells. Enzymatic activities cells associated cell walls likely play role metabolization Interestingly, it has been observed culture media can influence and/or conjugation toxin, which result production various metabolites. Further investigation is needed identify these metabolites assess safety.

Language: Английский

Citations

0