Acta Naturae,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(4), P. 48 - 61
Published: Dec. 9, 2024
Living
organisms
exhibit
an
impressive
ability
to
expand
the
basic
information
encoded
in
their
genome,
specifically
regarding
structure
and
function
of
protein.
Two
strategies
are
employed
increase
protein
diversity
functionality:
alternative
mRNA
splicing
post-translational
modifications
(PTMs).
Enzymatic
regulation
is
responsible
for
majority
chemical
reactions
occurring
within
living
cells.
However,
plants
redox
metabolism
perpetually
generates
reactive
byproducts
that
spontaneously
interact
with
modify
biomolecules,
including
proteins.
Reactive
carbonyls
resulted
from
oxidative
carbohydrates
lipids
carbonylate
proteins,
leading
latter
inactivation
deposition
form
glycation
lipoxidation
end
products.
The
nitrosylation
caused
by
nitrogen
species
plays
a
crucial
role
plant
morphogenesis
stress
reactions.
state
thiol
groups
modified
oxygen
regulated
through
interplay
thioredoxins
glutaredoxins,
thereby
influencing
processes
such
as
folding,
enzyme
activity,
calcium
hormone
signaling.
This
review
provides
summary
PTMs
chemically
active
metabolites
explores
functional
consequences
Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(11), P. 1406 - 1406
Published: Nov. 16, 2024
Facioscapulohumeral
muscular
dystrophy
(FSHD)
is
caused
by
the
epigenetic
de-repression
of
double
homeobox
4
(DUX4)
gene,
leading
to
asymmetric
muscle
weakness
and
atrophy
that
begins
in
facial
scapular
muscles
progresses
lower
limbs.
This
incurable
condition
can
severely
impair
function,
ultimately
resulting
a
loss
ambulation.
A
thorough
analysis
molecular
factors
associated
with
varying
degrees
impairment
FSHD
still
lacking.
study
investigates
mechanisms
biomarkers
biceps
brachii
patients,
classified
according
clinical
score,
A-B-C-D
classification
scheme,
global
proteomic
variation.
Our
findings
reveal
distinct
metabolic
signatures
compensatory
responses
patients.
In
severe
cases,
we
observe
pronounced
dysfunction,
marked
dysregulated
glycolysis,
activation
reductive
pentose
phosphate
pathway
(PPP),
shift
toward
TCA
cycle,
suppression
oxidative
phosphorylation,
an
overproduction
antioxidants
not
matched
increase
redox
cofactors
needed
for
their
function.
imbalance
culminates
stress,
exacerbating
wasting
inflammation.
contrast,
mild
cases
show
adaptations
mitigate
stress
activating
polyols
PPP,
preserving
partial
energy
flow
through
which
supports
mitochondrial
function
balance.
Furthermore,
hexosamine
biosynthetic
promotes
autophagy,
protecting
cells
from
apoptosis.
conclusion,
our
data
indicate
specific
alterations
characterize
both
Molecules
identified
may
represent
potential
diagnostic
therapeutic
targets
FSHD.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 21, 2024
Transketolase
(TKL;
EC
2.2.1.1)
has
been
identified
as
a
potential
new
herbicide
target.
In
order
to
discover
highly
herbicidal
active
compounds
targeting
TKL
and
improve
their
structural
diversity
for
lead
compounds,
series
of
pyrazole-carboxamides
7a–7v
were
designed
synthesized
through
optimization
pyrazole-containing
phenoxy
amide
compound
4u.
Among
the
7r
possessed
excellent
efficacy
against
Digitaria
sanguinalis
(Ds)
Amaranthus
retroflexus
(Ar)
by
small
cup
method
(the
inhibition
about
95%,
100
mg/L)
foliar
spray
over
90%,
150
g
ai/ha)
in
greenhouse,
which
superior
that
positive
control
nicosulfuron.
More
significantly,
displayed
good
crop
selectivity
toward
both
maize
wheat
even
at
375
ai/ha.
The
studies
on
mode
action
(MOA)
high
including
enzyme
activity,
fluorescent
quenching
experiments,
molecular
docking
analysis
between
Setaria
viridis
(Sv)TKL
ligand,
suggested
acts
typical
inhibitor,
benzothiazole
ring
is
an
important
motif
SvTKL
activity.
Above
all,
could
be
candidate
development
herbicides
with
MOA
weed
field.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Nov. 4, 2024
This
study
aimed
to
evaluate
the
safety
profile
and
beneficial
effects
of
Heyndrickxia
coagulans
strain
BC99
(BC99)
for
potential
use
in
functional
foods
pharmaceuticals.
We
began
with
whole
genome
sequencing
BC99,
followed
by
a
comprehensive
assessment
comprising
analysis,
hemolysis,
cytotoxicity,
antibiotic
susceptibility
tests,
cell
adhesion
tolerance
studies,
along
acute
subacute
oral
toxicity
studies
animal
models.
was
isolated
from
well-characterized
collection
originating
feces
healthy
infant.
Our
results
indicated
no
hemolytic
activity
on
Columbia
blood
agar
plates
broad
sensitivity,
including
gentamicin,
ampicillin,
chloramphenicol,
ciprofloxacin,
others.
Cytotoxicity
testing
confirmed
adverse
HT-29
cells
significant
adhesive
properties
intestinal
epithelial
cells.
Tolerance
tests
demonstrated
over
90%
viability
under
simulated
gastrointestinal
conditions.
In
vivo
mice
rats
absence
following
administration.
Collectively,
these
findings
support
BC99's
robust
environments,
strong
capabilities,
spectrum
resistance,
underlining
its
as
safe
effective
agent
gut
microbiota
modulation
host
health
enhancement.
Animals,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(22), P. 3249 - 3249
Published: Nov. 13, 2024
This
study
aimed
to
explore
the
effects
of
sodium
butyrate
on
liver
metabolism
in
goats
subjected
a
high-concentrate
diet.
We
randomly
assigned
twelve
Saanen-lactating
into
two
groups,
one
which
received
diet
(concentrate:
forage
=
60:40,
control
group),
while
other
same
basal
supplemented
with
(SB)
(10
g/kg
diet,
SB
group).
Compared
considerably
increased
milk
fat
percentage
and
content
(p
<
0.05),
an
increase
0.67%
group.
By
employing
global
metabolomics
approach
based
ultra-performance
liquid
chromatography–tandem
mass
spectrometry
(UPLC–MS/MS),
we
identified
6748
ions
ESI+
mode
3573
ESI−
after
isolation
from
both
groups.
A
total
twenty-three
metabolites,
including
phospholipids,
fatty
acids,
ribose
phosphate,
were
found
be
dysregulated
according
search
against
human
metabolome
database
(HMDB).
Pathway
analysis
revealed
activation
pentose
phosphate
pathway,
glycerophospholipid
metabolism,
unsaturated
acid
synthesis.
The
also
modulated
expression
key
lipogenic
enzymes,
such
as
acetyl-CoA
carboxylase
(ACC)
stearoyl-CoA
desaturase
(SCD-1),
are
downstream
targets
transcription
factor
sterol
regulatory
element-binding
proteins-1c
(SREBP-1c),
inducing
significant
upregulation
0.05).
Furthermore,
6-phosphogluconate
dehydrogenase
(6PGDH)
levels
elevated
lactating
fed
Our
reveals
that
may
offer
substantial
benefits
enhancing
quality
subacute
ruminal
acidosis
(SARA)
goats.
is
accomplished
by
augmenting
activity
pathway
process
de
novo
synthesis
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
28(22)
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
Abstract
Epstein–Barr
virus
infection
has
been
implicated
in
various
cancers,
including
lung
cancer,
where
it
influences
cellular
metabolism
to
promote
tumorigenesis.
This
review
examines
the
complex
interplay
between
and
cell
highlighting
viral
mechanisms
of
metabolic
reprogramming
their
implications
for
therapeutic
strategies.
Key
proteins
such
as
LMP1
LMP2A
manipulate
glycolysis,
glutaminolysis
lipid
support
replication
immune
evasion
within
tumour
microenvironment.
Understanding
these
interactions
provides
insights
into
novel
approaches
targeting
viral‐induced
vulnerabilities
virus‐associated
cancer.
Acta Naturae,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(4), P. 48 - 61
Published: Dec. 9, 2024
Living
organisms
exhibit
an
impressive
ability
to
expand
the
basic
information
encoded
in
their
genome,
specifically
regarding
structure
and
function
of
protein.
Two
strategies
are
employed
increase
protein
diversity
functionality:
alternative
mRNA
splicing
post-translational
modifications
(PTMs).
Enzymatic
regulation
is
responsible
for
majority
chemical
reactions
occurring
within
living
cells.
However,
plants
redox
metabolism
perpetually
generates
reactive
byproducts
that
spontaneously
interact
with
modify
biomolecules,
including
proteins.
Reactive
carbonyls
resulted
from
oxidative
carbohydrates
lipids
carbonylate
proteins,
leading
latter
inactivation
deposition
form
glycation
lipoxidation
end
products.
The
nitrosylation
caused
by
nitrogen
species
plays
a
crucial
role
plant
morphogenesis
stress
reactions.
state
thiol
groups
modified
oxygen
regulated
through
interplay
thioredoxins
glutaredoxins,
thereby
influencing
processes
such
as
folding,
enzyme
activity,
calcium
hormone
signaling.
This
review
provides
summary
PTMs
chemically
active
metabolites
explores
functional
consequences
