Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 65 - 83
Published: Nov. 15, 2023
Language: Английский
Foods, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(18), P. 2863 - 2863
Published: Sept. 15, 2022
The gut microbiota and their metabolites could play an important role in health diseases of human beings. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are mainly produced by microbiome fermentation dietary fiber also be bacteria the skin vagina. Acetate, propionate, butyrate three major SCFAs, bioactivities have been widely studied. SCFAs many benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective activities. This paper summarizes benefits side effects with a special attention paid to mechanisms action. provides better support for people eating well ways developed into functional food prevent diseases.
Language: Английский
Citations
213
Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11
Published: May 21, 2020
Cardiovascular diseases have become the leading cause of human death. Aging is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac aging associated with maladaptation cellular metabolism, dysfunction (or senescence) cardiomyocytes, a decrease in angiogenesis, and increase tissue scarring (fibrosis). These events eventually lead to cardiac remodeling failure. Senescent cardiomyocytes show hallmarks DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondria dysfunction, contractile hypertrophic growth, senescence-associated secreting phenotype (SASP). Metabolism within essential not only fuel pump function heart but also maintain functional homeostasis participate senescence cardiomyocytes. The cardiomyocyte regulated by non-myocytes (endothelial cells, fibroblasts, immune cells) local microenvironment. On other hand, senescent alter their phenotypes subsequently affect microenvironment contribute pathological remodeling. In this review, we first summarized Then, discussed metabolic switch provided discussion communications between dysfunctional We addressed functions regulators modulating myocardial Finally, pointed out some interesting important questions that are needed be further studies.
Language: Английский
Citations
157
MedComm, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(3)
Published: May 2, 2023
Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) refer to the breaking or generation of covalent bonds on backbones amino acid side chains proteins and expand diversity proteins, which provides basis for emergence organismal complexity. To date, more than 650 types protein modifications, such as most well-known phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, methylation, SUMOylation, short-chain long-chain acylation redox irreversible have been described, inventory is still increasing. By changing conformation, localization, activity, stability, charges, interactions with other biomolecules, PTMs ultimately alter phenotypes biological processes cells. The homeostasis important human health. Abnormal may cause changes in properties loss functions, are closely related occurrence development various diseases. In this review, we systematically introduce characteristics, regulatory mechanisms, functions health addition, therapeutic prospects diseases by targeting associated enzymes also summarized. This work will deepen understanding promote discovery diagnostic prognostic markers drug targets
Language: Английский
Citations
119
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9
Published: April 15, 2022
Chemotherapy and targeted therapies have significantly improved the prognosis of oncology patients. However, these antineoplastic treatments may also induce adverse cardiovascular effects, which lead to acute or delayed onset cardiac dysfunction. These common complications, commonly referred as cardiotoxicity, not only require modification, suspension, withdrawal life-saving therapies, with risk reducing their efficacy, but can strongly impact quality life overall survival, regardless oncological prognosis. The cardiotoxicity depend on class, dose, route, duration administration anticancer drugs, well individual factors. Importantly, cardiotoxic side effects be reversible, if function is restored upon discontinuation therapy, irreversible, characterized by injury loss muscle cells. Subclinical myocardial dysfunction induced subsequently evolve in symptomatic congestive heart failure. Hence, there an urgent need for cardioprotective reduce clinical subclinical progression limit chronic manifestation damages. In this review, we summarize knowledge regarding cellular molecular mechanisms contributing associated classes chemotherapy therapy drugs. Furthermore, describe discuss current potential strategies cope preventive approaches that useful flank therapies.
Language: Английский
Citations
95
Current Hypertension Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 23(2)
Published: Feb. 1, 2021
Language: Английский
Citations
86
Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12
Published: Sept. 28, 2021
Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, its development involves multiple mechanisms. Gut microbiota has been reported to be closely linked hypertension. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)—the metabolites of gut microbiota—participate in hypertension through various pathways, including specific receptors, immune system, autonomic nervous metabolic regulation gene transcription. This article reviews the possible mechanisms SCFAs regulating blood pressure prospects as target prevent treat
Language: Английский
Citations
72
British Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 179(17), P. 4315 - 4329
Published: April 8, 2022
Background and Purpose Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites from gut microbes involved in the host's inflammatory response immunity. The aim of this study was to investigate role SCFAs rheumatoid arthritis (RA) possible mechanisms. Experimental Approach Gut microbiota diversity mice analysed by 16S rDNA sequencing. levels were gas chromatography mass spectrometry. T B cells flow cytometry. Bone damage micro‐CT X‐ray. Histopathological status HE staining. Proteins tissues immunohistochemistry PCR. Mice with CD19 + deficient FFA2 receptors used explore molecular mechanisms involved. Key Results Levels acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate decreased RA patients, first three correlated positively frequency Bregs but not Tregs peripheral blood. Administration prior onset collagen‐induced improved arthritic symptoms, increased frequency, transitional follicular cell frequency. However, preceding phenomena could be observed receptors. effects dependent on independent other five (FFA3 receptor, HCA 2 PPARγ, Olfr‐78, AhR). Conclusions Implications regulate differentiation via alleviate RA. This provides new insights into treatment an immunological microbiological perspective.
Language: Английский
Citations
68
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8
Published: Aug. 3, 2021
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are major causes of mortality and morbidity in the modern society. The rupture atherosclerotic plaque can induce thrombus formation, which is main cause acute cardiovascular events. Recently, many studies have demonstrated that there some relationships between microbiota atherosclerosis. In this review, we will focus on effect microbe-derived metabolites, including trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), stability plaque. Finally, conclude with therapies based its metabolites.
Language: Английский
Citations
62
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13
Published: Sept. 12, 2022
Histone post-translational modifications (HPTMs) are essential epigenetic mechanisms that affect chromatin-associated nuclear processes without altering the DNA sequence. With application of mass spectrometry-based proteomics, novel histone lysine acylation, such as propionylation, butyrylation, crotonylation, malonylation, succinylation, glutarylation, and lactoylation have been successively discovered. The emerging diversity acylation landscape prompted us to investigate function mechanism these HPTMs in health disease. Recently, it has reported β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), main component ketone body, various protective roles beyond alternative fuel provision during starvation. β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) is a identified by spectrometry, which regulates gene transcription response carbohydrate restriction or elevated BHB levels vivo vitro . Recent studies shown Kbhb strongly associated with pathogenesis metabolic cardiovascular diseases, kidney tumors, neuropsychiatric disorders, diseases suggesting different functions from acetylation methylation. This review focuses on writers, erasers, sites, underlying Kbhb, providing glimpse into their complex regulation mechanism.
Language: Английский
Citations
42
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9
Published: July 11, 2022
Heart failure (HF) remains a disease with immense global health burden. During the development of HF, myocardium and therefore cardiac metabolism undergoes specific changes, decreased long-chain fatty acid oxidation increased anaerobic glycolysis, diminishing overall energy yield. Based on dogma that failing heart is oxygen-deprived fact carbohydrates are more oxygen-efficient than FA, metabolic HF drugs have so far aimed to stimulate glucose or inhibit FA oxidation. Unfortunately, these treatments failed provide meaningful clinical benefits. We believe it time rethink concept fat harmful heart. In this review we discuss accumulating evidence short-chain acids (SCFAs) may be an effective fuel for contrast acids, SCFAs readily taken up oxidized by could serve as nutraceutical treatment strategy. addition, how activate pathways increase long chain oxidation, which help availability. Another potential beneficial effect lies within anti-inflammatory SCFAs, has shown fibrosis – key pathological process in HF.
Language: Английский
Citations
39