Lipids in Health and Disease,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
20(1)
Published: July 7, 2021
Obesity
and
its
complications
constitute
a
substantial
burden.
Considerable
published
research
describes
the
novel
relationships
between
obesity
gut
microbiota
communities.
It
is
becoming
evident
that
behave
in
pivotal
role
their
ability
to
influence
homeostatic
mechanisms
either
benefit
or
detriment
of
host
health,
extent
which
not
fully
understood.
A
greater
understanding
contribution
towards
pathophysiology
revealing
new
therapeutic
avenues
tackle
global
epidemic.
This
review
focuses
on
causal
associations
with
obesity,
proposed
central
encouraging
development
promising
prospective
methods
for
manipulation.
Frontiers in Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
8
Published: Aug. 26, 2021
An
increased
intestinal
permeability
has
been
described
in
various
gastrointestinal
and
non-gastrointestinal
disorders.
Nevertheless,
the
concept
definition
of
is
relatively
broad
includes
not
only
an
altered
paracellular
route,
regulated
by
tight
junction
proteins,
but
also
transcellular
route
involving
membrane
transporters
channels,
endocytic
mechanisms.
Paracellular
can
be
assessed
vivo
using
different
molecules
(e.g.,
sugars,
polyethylene
glycols,
51
Cr-EDTA)
ex
Ussing
chambers
combining
electrophysiology
probes
molecular
sizes.
The
latter
still
gold
standard
technique
for
assessing
epithelial
barrier
function,
whereas
techniques,
including
putative
blood
biomarkers
such
as
fatty
acid-binding
protein
zonulin,
are
broadly
used
despite
limitations.
In
second
part
review,
current
evidence
role
impaired
function
pathophysiology
selected
liver
diseases
discussed.
Celiac
disease
one
conditions
with
best
playing
a
crucial
zonulin
its
proposed
regulator.
Increased
clearly
present
inflammatory
bowel
disease,
question
whether
this
primary
event
or
consequence
inflammation
remains
unsolved.
gut-liver
axis
increasingly
recognized
chronic
alcoholic
metabolic
disease.
Finally,
does
support
important
bile
acid
diarrhea.
Microbiology Spectrum,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: Feb. 2, 2022
Our
work
revealed
that
A.
muciniphila
attenuated
APAP-induced
liver
injury
by
alleviating
oxidative
stress
and
inflammation
in
the
liver,
its
hepatoprotective
effect
was
accompanied
activation
of
PI3K/Akt
pathway
mediated
regulation
composition
metabolic
function
intestinal
microbiota.
This
finding
suggested
microbial
community
is
a
non-negligible
impact
on
drug
metabolism
probiotic
administration
could
be
potential
therapy
for
drug-induced
injury.
Journal of Pineal Research,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
73(2)
Published: June 2, 2022
Abstract
Aflatoxin
B1
(AFB1)
is
a
widespread
contaminant
in
foods
and
feedstuffs,
its
target
organ
the
liver.
Melatonin
(MT)
has
been
shown
to
alleviate
inflammation
organs
remodel
gut
microbiota
animals
humans.
However,
underlying
mechanism
by
which
MT
alleviates
AFB1‐induced
liver
injury
remains
unclear.
In
present
study,
pretreatment
markedly
increased
expression
of
intestinal
tight
junction
proteins
(ZO‐1,
Occludin,
Claudin‐1),
decreased
permeability,
reduced
production
gut‐derived
Lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)
remodeled
microbiota,
ultimately
alleviated
mice.
Interestingly,
failed
exert
beneficial
effects
on
intestine
antibiotic‐treated
Meanwhile,
significantly
farnesoid
X
receptor
(FXR)
protein
ileum,
TLR4/NF‐κB
signaling
pathway‐related
messenger
RNA
(mRNA)
(TLR4,
MyD88,
p‐p65,
p‐IκBα)
livers
AFB1‐exposed
Subsequently,
Gly‐β‐MCA,
an
intestine‐selective
FXR
inhibitor,
blocked
alleviating
effect
through
increasing
liver‐specific
mRNA
p‐IκBα).
conclusion,
ameliorated
potential
may
be
related
regulate
microbiota/intestinal
FXR/liver
TLR4
axis,
provides
strong
evidence
for
protection
inflammation.
Frontiers in Physiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: April 25, 2023
Mitochondria
play
a
key
role
in
both
health
and
disease.
Their
function
is
not
limited
to
energy
production
but
serves
multiple
mechanisms
varying
from
iron
calcium
homeostasis
the
of
hormones
neurotransmitters,
such
as
melatonin.
They
enable
influence
communication
at
all
physical
levels
through
interaction
with
other
organelles,
nucleus,
outside
environment.
The
literature
suggests
crosstalk
between
mitochondria
circadian
clocks,
gut
microbiota,
immune
system.
might
even
be
hub
supporting
integrating
activity
across
these
domains.
Hence,
they
(missing)
link
Mitochondrial
dysfunction
related
metabolic
syndrome,
neuronal
diseases,
cancer,
cardiovascular
infectious
inflammatory
disorders.
In
this
regard,
diseases
Alzheimer’s,
Parkinson’s,
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS),
chronic
fatigue
syndrome
(CFS),
pain
are
discussed.
This
review
focuses
on
understanding
mitochondrial
action
that
allow
for
maintenance
pathways
toward
dysregulated
mechanisms.
Although
have
allowed
us
adapt
changes
over
course
evolution,
turn,
evolution
has
shaped
mitochondria.
Each
evolution-based
intervention
influences
its
own
way.
use
physiological
stress
triggers
tolerance
stressor,
achieving
adaptability
resistance.
describes
strategies
could
recover
functioning
providing
comprehensive,
root-cause-focused,
integrative
approach
recovering
treating
people
suffering
diseases.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Dec. 6, 2023
Gut-liver-brain
axis
is
a
three-way
highway
of
information
interaction
system
among
the
gastrointestinal
tract,
liver,
and
nervous
systems.
In
past
few
decades,
breakthrough
progress
has
been
made
in
gut
liver
brain
axis,
mainly
through
understanding
its
formation
mechanism
increasing
treatment
strategies.
this
review,
we
discuss
various
complex
networks
including
barrier
permeability,
hormones,
microbial
metabolites,
vagus
nerve,
neurotransmitters,
immunity,
toxic
β-amyloid
(Aβ)
metabolism,
epigenetic
regulation
gut-liver-brain
axis.
Some
therapies
containing
antibiotics,
probiotics,
prebiotics,
synbiotics,
fecal
microbiota
transplantation
(FMT),
polyphenols,
low
FODMAP
diet
nanotechnology
application
regulate
Besides,
some
special
treatments
targeting
gut-liver
include
farnesoid
X
receptor
(FXR)
agonists,
takeda
G
protein-coupled
5
(TGR5)
glucagon-like
peptide-1
(GLP-1)
antagonists
fibroblast
growth
factor
19
(FGF19)
analogs.
Targeting
gut-brain
embraces
cognitive
behavioral
therapy
(CBT),
antidepressants
tryptophan
metabolism-related
therapies.
liver-brain
contains
Aβ
future,
better
interactions
will
promote
development
novel
preventative
strategies
discovery
precise
therapeutic
targets
multiple
diseases.
