Epidemiology of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(22), P. 3400 - 3421

Published: June 6, 2023

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is defined as an increase in the content of small intestine above normal values. The presence SIBO detected 33.8% patients with gastroenterological complaints who underwent a breath test, and significantly associated smoking, bloating, abdominal pain, anemia. Proton pump inhibitor therapy significant risk factor for SIBO. increases age does not depend on gender or race. complicates course number diseases may be pathogenetic significance development their symptoms. functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, diarrhea, short chronic pseudo-obstruction, lactase deficiency, diverticular celiac diseases, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, cirrhosis, metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), primary biliary cholangitis, gastroparesis, pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, gallstone diabetes, hypothyroidism, hyperlipidemia, acromegaly, multiple sclerosis, autism, Parkinson's systemic spondylarthropathy, fibromyalgia, asthma, heart failure, other diseases. often slowdown orocecal transit time that decreases clearance bacteria from intestine. this due to motor dysfunction gut, autonomic diabetic polyneuropathy, portal hypertension, decrease motor-stimulating influence thyroid hormones. In including MAFLD, association was found between severity Further work effect eradication condition prognosis various required.

Language: Английский

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A systematic framework for understanding the microbiome in human health and disease: from basic principles to clinical translation

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Rosacea, microbiome and probiotics: the gut-skin axis

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Rosacea is an inflammatory skin disease involving diverse symptoms with a variable clinical progress which can severely impact the patient’s quality of life as well their mental health. The pathophysiological model rosacea involves unbalanced immune system predisposed to excessive inflammation, in addition vascular and nervous alterations, being certain cutaneous microorganisms’ triggers onset. gut-skin axis explains bidirectional interaction between gut microbiota some diseases such atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, or rosacea. introduction consolidation next-generation sequencing recent years has provided unprecedented information about microbiome. However, characterization patients been little explored, contrast other dermatitis psoriasis. Furthermore, evolution not always adequate it common for them present sustained symptomatology frequent flare-ups. In this context, probiotic supplementation could improve these happens pathologies. Through review we aim establish compile basics directions current knowledge understand mechanisms by microbiome influences pathogenesis rosacea, how modulation benefit patients.

Language: Английский

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The microbiota and the gut–liver axis in primary sclerosing cholangitis

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 135 - 154

Published: Nov. 9, 2022

Language: Английский

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Understanding Our Tests: Hydrogen-Methane Breath Testing to Diagnose Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth

Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 3, 2023

There is increasing appreciation that small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) drives many common gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal pain. Breath testing via measurement of exhaled hydrogen methane gases following ingestion a readily metabolized carbohydrate has become an important noninvasive paradigm to help diagnose SIBO. However, because number physiological technical considerations, how when use breath in the diagnosis SIBO remains nuanced clinical decision. This narrative review provides comprehensive overview paradigms indications for testing, administer test, patient factors influence results. We also explore performance characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, positive negative predictive values, likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratio). Additionally, we describe complementary alternative tests diagnosing discuss applications research. Current estimates prevalence among commonly encountered high-risk populations are reviewed provide pretest probability under variety situations. Finally, integrate test into care decisions using predictors Fagan nomogram.

Language: Английский

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Critical appraisal of the SIBO hypothesis and breath testing: A clinical practice update endorsed by the European society of neurogastroenterology and motility (ESNM) and the American neurogastroenterology and motility society (ANMS)

Neurogastroenterology & Motility, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(6)

Published: May 26, 2024

Abstract Background There is compelling evidence that microbe‐host interactions in the intestinal tract underlie many human disorders, including disorders of gut‐brain (previously termed functional bowel disorders), such as irritable syndrome (IBS). Small bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) has been recognized for over a century patients with predisposing conditions causing stasis, surgical alteration small or chronic diseases, scleroderma and associated diarrhea signs malabsorption. Over 20 years ago, it was hypothesized increased numbers intestine bacteria might also account symptoms absence malabsorption IBS related disorders. This SIBO‐IBS hypothesis stimulated significant research helped focus profession's attention on importance potential pathophysiological mechanism IBS. Purpose However, after two decades, this remains unproven. Moreover, led to serious unintended consequences, namely widespread use unreliable unvalidated breath tests diagnostic test SIBO resultant injudicious antibiotics. In review, we examine why unproven and, given discuss time reject its reliance testing. We recent studies communities GI tract, their composition functions, host. While these provide important insights guide future research, they highlight need further mechanistic before can understand possible role diagnosis treatment patient

Language: Английский

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Review article: A practical approach to persistent gastrointestinal symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease in remission

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 59(12), P. 1470 - 1488

Published: April 8, 2024

Summary Background Persistent gastrointestinal symptoms are prevalent in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), even when endoscopic remission is reached. These can have profound negative effects on the quality of life affected and be difficult to treat. They may caused by IBD‐related complications or comorbid disorders, but they also explained irritable syndrome (IBS)‐like symptoms. Aims To provide a practical step‐by‐step guide diagnose treat persistent IBD via personalised approach. Methods We scrutinised relevant literature causes, diagnostics treatment (abdominal pain discomfort, bloating, abdominal distension, diarrhoea, constipation faecal incontinence) remission. Results A graphical for several steps diagnosing, identifying potential triggers adequate provided based supporting literature. The first part this review focuses diagnostic approaches comorbidities. second describes approach IBS‐like Conclusions traced back pathophysiological mechanisms individual treated adequately. For both comorbidities remission, pharmacological, dietary, lifestyle psychological treatments effective. systematic required reduce burden patients, healthcare systems, society.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and predictors of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Background Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) has been reported to be very common among individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and the prevalence of SIBO is highly variable. We conducted this study calculate identify predictors in IBD. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE from inception March 2024 were searched for studies evaluating calculated pooled IBD patients odds ratio (OR) compared healthy controls. Besides, we also evaluated patients. Results Twenty-nine (3,250 IBD, 708 controls) included our study. The was 31.0% (95% CI 25.2–37.1), higher controls (OR 5.25, 95% 2.96–9.32). CD (32.2, 25.9–38.8) UC (27.8, 18.5–38.1). lower BMI (mean difference = −1.04; −1.86 −0.23), bloating 3.02, 1.22–7.5), flatulence 4.70, 1.44–15.35), history abdominal surgery 2.05, 1.35–3.11), stricturing/penetrating behavior 3.51, 1.67–7.40) increased significantly those without SIBO. Antibiotic treatment may effective Conclusion Nearly one-third present positive, by 5.25-fold Lower BMI, bloating, flatulence, surgery,

Language: Английский

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Advancements in the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Implications of Intestinal Bacteria

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 47(2), P. 106 - 106

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Intestinal bacteria form one of the most complex microbial communities in human body, playing a crucial role maintaining host health and contributing to development various diseases. Here, we provide comprehensive overview composition function intestinal bacteria, factors affecting their homeostasis, association mechanisms with range diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel diseases, colorectal cancer, metabolic diseases). Additionally, advanced potential disease diagnosis treatment is highlighted. Therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, are significantly impacted by research indicating that can enhance chemoimmunotherapy efficiency T cell recruitment immune infiltration. Fecal microbiota transplantation has emerged promising option for treating recurrent Clostridium difficile infections certain neurological disorders. Gut bacteria-related serum metabolites serve non-invasive indicators diagnosing CRC, while fecal immunochemical tests offer applications CRC screening. Future needed better understand causal relationships between develop more precise diagnostic tools, evaluate effectiveness safety microbiome-targeted therapies clinical treatment. This study provides deeper insights into disease, providing scientific basis innovative therapeutic strategies have transform landscape healthcare.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy and Safety of a Probiotic Containing Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 in the Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Decompensated Cirrhosis: Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 919 - 919

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

(1) Background: The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotic containing Saccharomyces boulardii in treatment small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) patients with decompensated cirrhosis. (2) Methods: This a blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study. (3) Results: After 3 months treatment, SIBO absent 80.0% group and 23.1% placebo (p = 0.002). eliminated had decreased frequency ascites hepatic encephalopathy, increased platelets albumin levels, blood levels total bilirubin, biomarkers translocation (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein), positive changes markers hyperdynamic circulation compared state at inclusion. There were no significant claudin level (the barrier biomarker) these patients. No observed persistent SIBO. serum nitrate (endothelial dysfunction lower eradicated than One (5.3%) patient six (42.9%) died within first year follow-up 0.007). (4) Conclusions: eradication an independent predictor favorable prognosis during follow-up.

Language: Английский

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