Urban Air Pollution, Urban Heat Island and Human Health: A Review of the Literature

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(15), P. 9234 - 9234

Published: July 28, 2022

Many cities of the world suffer from air pollution because poor planning and design heavy traffic in rapidly expanding urban environments. These conditions are exacerbated due to Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. While there have been studies linking built environment with health, they ignored aggravating role UHI. The past literature this field has also science materials, vehicles pollution, technological solutions for reducing cumulative health impacts Air Pollution, human complex discussion factors that involve several different fields. is linked through opportunities physical activity quality. Recent focuses on creating compact walkable areas dotted green infrastructure promote reduce vehicle emission-related pollution. Reduced car use leading reduced UHI implied literature. technology fields speaks issue directly. Zero emission cars, building materials absorb pollutants fall within category. This paper identifies main themes two streams impact presents a systematic review academic papers, policy documents, reports features print media published last 10–20 years.

Language: Английский

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Climate change: Strategies for mitigation and adaptation

The Innovation Geoscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 100015 - 100015

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

<p>The sustainability of life on Earth is under increasing threat due to human-induced climate change. This perilous change in the Earth's caused by increases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases atmosphere, primarily emissions associated with burning fossil fuels. Over next two three decades, effects change, such as heatwaves, wildfires, droughts, storms, floods, are expected worsen, posing greater risks human health global stability. These trends call for implementation mitigation adaptation strategies. Pollution environmental degradation exacerbate existing problems make people nature more susceptible In this review, we examine current state from different perspectives. We summarize evidence Earth’s spheres, discuss emission pathways drivers analyze impact health. also explore strategies highlight key challenges reversing adapting change.</p>

Language: Английский

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Alternative vehicular fuels for environmental decarbonization: A critical review of challenges in using electricity, hydrogen, and biofuels as a sustainable vehicular fuel

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 100442 - 100442

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Using vehicles powered by alternative fuels such as electricity, hydrogen, and biofuels have been envisioned the ideal way to curb noxious vehicular emissions. However, availability of resources for sustainable use these fuels, possible risks, their fate at end life are frequently questioned, necessitating a detailed assessment factors influencing all three use. Though batteries fuel cells "locally" zero-emission (ZEVs), they resource scarcity, infrastructure limitations relatively expensive, thus restricting market penetration consumer acceptance. Biofuels, though can be used in existing vehicles, procuring required amounts feedstock, mitigating food-versus-fuel issues is still challenge. Overcoming challenges crucial critical step sustained primary fuels. To accomplish this, need categorized comparative analysis among them necessary address them. This work therefore serve ready reference researchers policy makers take appropriate informed decisions long-term action achieve goals Paris agreement reduce global temperature.

Language: Английский

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A review of green hydrogen production based on solar energy; techniques and methods

Energy Harvesting and Systems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Abstract The study examines the methods for producing hydrogen using solar energy as a catalyst. two commonly recognised categories of processes are direct and indirect. Due to indirect low efficiency, excessive heat dissipation, dearth readily available heat-resistant materials, they ranked lower than procedures despite superior thermal performance. Electrolysis, bio photosynthesis, thermoelectric photodegradation few examples approaches. It appears that approaches have certain advantages. heterogeneous photocatalytic process minimises quantity emissions released into environment; thermochemical reactions stand out having requirements due high temperatures generated; electrolysis is efficient while very little pollution created. Electrolysis has highest exergy efficiency when compared other creating hydrogen, according evaluation.

Language: Английский

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Recent Progress on Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Production from Coal Gasification

Processes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. 1765 - 1765

Published: June 9, 2023

Coal gasification is recognized as the core technology of clean coal utilization that exhibits significant advantages in hydrogen-rich syngas production and CO2 emission reduction. This review briefly discusses recent research progress on various techniques, including conventional (fixed bed, fluidized entrained bed gasification) relatively new (supercritical water gasification, plasma chemical-looping decoupling terms their gasifiers, process parameters (such type, temperature, pressure, agents, catalysts, etc.), advantages, challenges. The capacity potential hydrogen through different technologies are also systematically analyzed. In this regard, based pyrolysis, char–CO2 CO shift reaction shows remarkable features improving comprehensive coal, low-energy capture conversion CO2, well efficient production. As key unit work reviews advances (2019–2023) influence factors such agent composition, particle size, catalyst performance studied, its kinetics outlined. serves guidance for further excavating promoting fuel mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.

Language: Английский

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Green hydrogen as a source of renewable energy: a step towards sustainability, an overview

Environment Development and Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2024

Abstract Hydrogen has emerged as a promising energy source for cleaner and more sustainable future due to its clean-burning nature, versatility, high content. Moreover, hydrogen is an carrier with the potential replace fossil fuels primary of in various industries. In this review article, we explore part global mix current state development. The majority production currently occurs through steam methane reforming, which produces significant greenhouse gas emissions limits clean source. Significant investment advancements renewable electrolysis are necessary overcome limitation. There also growing demand infrastructure, including refueling stations storage transportation systems, crucial growth success industry. will depend on continued commitment develop commercialize Our explores relationship between eco-industrial parks production, benefits challenges EIPs technologies being developed facilitate process.

Language: Английский

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Particle‐Based Photoelectrodes for PEC Water Splitting: Concepts and Perspectives

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(37)

Published: April 15, 2024

Abstract This comprehensive review delves into the intricacies of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting process, specifically focusing on design, fabrication, and optimization particle‐based photoelectrodes for efficient green hydrogen production. These photoelectrodes, composed semiconductor materials, potentially harness light energy generate charge carriers, driving oxidation reduction reactions. The versatility as a platform investigating enhancing various candidates is explored, particularly emerging complex oxides with compelling transfer properties. However, challenges presented by many factors influencing performance stability these including particle size, shape, composition, morphology, surface modification, electrode configuration, are highlighted. introduces fundamental principles PEC splitting, presents an exhaustive overview different synthesis methods powders their assembly discusses recent advances in photoelectrode material development. It concludes offering promising strategies improving stability, such adoption novel architectures heterojunctions.

Language: Английский

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Interface engineering of BiVO4/Zn3V2O8 heterocatalysts for escalating the synergism: Impact of Cu electron mediator for overall water splitting

Renewable Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 225, P. 120223 - 120223

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Breathing in danger: Understanding the multifaceted impact of air pollution on health impacts

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 280, P. 116532 - 116532

Published: June 7, 2024

Air pollution, a pervasive environmental threat that spans urban and rural landscapes alike, poses significant risks to human health, exacerbating respiratory conditions, triggering cardiovascular problems, contributing myriad of other health complications across diverse populations worldwide. This article delves into the multifarious impacts air utilizing cutting-edge research methodologies big data analytics offer comprehensive overview. It highlights emergence new pollutants, their sources, characteristics, thereby broadening our understanding contemporary quality challenges. The detrimental effects pollution are examined thoroughly, emphasizing both short-term long-term impacts. Particularly vulnerable identified, underscoring need for targeted risk assessments interventions. presents an in-depth analysis global disease burden attributable offering comparative perspective illuminates varying different regions. Furthermore, it addresses economic ramifications quantifying losses, discusses implications public policy care systems. Innovative intervention measures explored, including case studies demonstrating effectiveness. paper also brings light recent discoveries insights in field, setting stage future directions. calls international cooperation tackling underscores crucial role awareness education mitigating its exploration serves not only as scientific discourse but clarion call action against invisible insidious making vital read researchers, policymakers, general public.

Language: Английский

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Toward cleaner air and better health: Current state, challenges, and priorities

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 385(6707), P. 386 - 390

Published: July 25, 2024

The most up-to-date estimate of the global burden disease indicates that ambient air pollution, including fine particulate matter and ozone, contributes to an estimated 5.2 million deaths each year. In this review, we highlight challenges in estimating population exposure pollution attributable health risks, particularly low- middle-income countries among vulnerable populations. To protect public health, evidence so far confirms urgent needs prioritize interdisciplinary research on risk assessment develop evidence-based intervention policies communication strategies. Here, synthesize emerging supporting monitoring evaluation progress implementation Global Air Quality Guidelines prepared by World Health Organization.

Language: Английский

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