Cilia beating misalignment, immotility or death pathologically affect the efficiency of mucus-clearance

Communications Physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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Innovative microfluidic model for investigating the intestinal mucus barrier: numerical and experimental perspectives

Drug Delivery and Translational Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2025

The intestinal mucus layer serves as a critical first line of defense against external agents, functioning barrier to the absorption drugs, food, and pathogens. While numerous in vitro studies have explored role preventing particle penetration, effects flowing luminal material, dislodging because induced shear rate by lumen material interfacial phenomena remain poorly understood. This study introduces microfluidic approach simulate interaction between layer. successfully measures both penetration into dislodgement material. A biosimilar model (BSM) Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) were employed mimics human fluid, respectively. To investigate effect viscosity on pattern, two variants used: BSM-1, representing low-viscosity model, BSM-2, high-viscosity model. velocity fields extracted tracking fluorescent particles. results revealed significant differences BSM-1 attributed their rheological properties. These findings further confirmed through an assessment viscoelastic properties BSM models. utilized COMSOL Multiphysics for numerical simulations, predicting experimental outcomes solving fluid flow equations. Physicochemical characterizations HBSS performed link with including sweep tests, application power-law viscosity, measurements density wettability. proposes platform examining low- offer valuable insights barrier's response stress. validated physicochemical provide foundation future rates more complex geometries diverse conditions.

Language: Английский

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Goblet cell interactions reorient bundled mucus strands for efficient airway clearance

PNAS Nexus, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(11)

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Abstract The respiratory tract of larger animals is cleared by sweeping bundled strands along the airway surface. These can be millimetric in length and consist MUC5B mucin. They are produced submucosal glands, upon emerging from these long axis oriented cilia-mediated flow toward oral cavity. However, after release, found to have turned orthogonal flow, which maximizes their clearance potential. How this unexpected reorientation accomplished presently not well understood. Recent experiments suggest that process involves sticking MUC5AC mucus threads, tethered goblet cells. Such cells present small numbers throughout epithelium. Here, we develop a minimal model for through adhesive interactions with surface Our simulations reveal cell reorient within 10 mm release—making on scale tracheal tube feasible—and stabilize orientation. also reproduces other experimental observations such as strong velocity fluctuations significant slow-down strand respect flow. We further provide insight into turning mechanism examining effect shape impulse exerted single cell. conclude cell–mediated viable route reorientation, should validated future experiment.

Language: Английский

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Stability and deformation of biomolecular condensates under the action of shear flow

The Journal of Chemical Physics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 160(21)

Published: June 4, 2024

Biomolecular condensates play a key role in cytoplasmic compartmentalization and cell functioning. Despite extensive research on the physico-chemical, thermodynamic, or crowding aspects of formation stabilization condensates, one less studied feature is external perturbative fluid flow. In fact, living cells, shear stress may arise from streaming active transport processes. Here, we investigate how biomolecular are deformed under different types flows. We first model Couette flow perturbations via two-way coupling between condensate dynamics by deploying Lattice Boltzmann Molecular Dynamics. then show that simplified approach where acts as static perturbation (one-way coupling) reproduces main features deformation function rate. With this approach, which can be easily implemented molecular simulations, analyze behavior described through residue-based coarse-grained models, including intrinsically disordered proteins protein/RNA mixtures. At lower rates, triggers (spherical to oblated object), while at higher it becomes extremely (oblated elongated object). very high fragmented. also compare sizes composition respond perturbation, their internal structure altered Finally, consider Poiseuille realistically models microfluidic devices order suggest potential experimental designs for investigating vitro.

Language: Английский

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Replicating cilia movement and mucus interactions through detailed modeling

Scilight, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023(14)

Published: April 4, 2023

Computational framework can measure behavior and efficiency of cilia movement in healthy diseased tissue.

Language: Английский

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