Occurrence, source, ecological risk, and mitigation of phthalates (PAEs) in agricultural soils and the environment: A review

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 220, P. 115196 - 115196

Published: Dec. 30, 2022

Language: Английский

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Effects of plastic particles on aquatic invertebrates and fish – A review

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 96, P. 104013 - 104013

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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The impact of functional additives on biodegradable plastic biodegradation in natural terrestrial and composting environments

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 24

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Biodegradable plastics show promise in addressing traditional plastic waste issues. However, most commercially available biodegradable products are blended/composite materials, combining polymers with other polymers, fillers and additives. Non-reactive functional additives, such as plasticizers stabilizers, raise concerns due to potential leaching well release on degradation. Thus, understanding how these additives affect biodegradation rates processes is crucial, a comprehensive overview missing the literature. This review highlights that localized additive concentration levels adjacent materials could, at least for time, exceed threshold concentrations substantial impacts microbial activities, especially slow transport media soil compost. Of literature, it concerning only small fraction reported continuous quantitative data sampling frequency duration adequate synthesis. In those studies, presence of resulted an extended lag time compared virgin polymer. Interestingly, also typically increased rate following this initial time. Overall, variation was observed half-life polymer/additive blends when considering both rate. The likely key controlling factors dictating impact include leaching, alterations polymer properties induced by their intrinsic characteristics themselves. Future life cycle analysis environmental assessments new bioplastic must consider influence

Language: Английский

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Highly Flexible Polylactide Food Packaging Plasticized with Nontoxic, Biosourced Glycerol Plasticizers

ACS Applied Polymer Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(5), P. 3608 - 3617

Published: April 5, 2022

Polylactide (PLA) is a promising biosourced and biodegradable polymer substitute for traditional petroleum-based products. Despite its recognized potential, widespread adoption restricted by brittleness low ductility and, thus, to enhance material properties, plasticizers must be blended with PLA lower the glass transition temperature (Tg) impart flexibility into blend. As such, this work focused on synthesis of family applications in flexible food packaging using glycerol, succinic anhydride, alcohols varying chain lengths. The effect chemical structure plasticization performance, migration, blend morphology, toxicity was evaluated compared commercial plasticizer acetyl tributyl citrate. Plasticizer/PLA blends were prepared solvent-casting as well melt-mixing produce thin films bulk specimens. At loadings 20 wt %, improved (up 435% elongation) observed glycerol relative neat (6% elongation), while Tg's reduced up 45 °C from that (Tg ∼ 60 °C). Phase morphologies scanning electron microscopy showed good incorporation matrix. Leaching behavior plasticized different simulants composed branched or longer alkyl chains produced two- sixfold migration rates those short chains. Finally, candidates shown nontoxic did not impact HepG2 cell viability over period 7 days an vitro mammalian assay.

Language: Английский

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Co-occurrence of macroplastics, microplastics, and legacy and emerging plasticisers in UK soils

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 880, P. 163258 - 163258

Published: April 3, 2023

Despite a theoretical link between plastic and plasticiser occurrence in the terrestrial environment, there are few empirical studies of relationship these contaminants soils. We carried out field study to assess co-occurrence waste, legacy emerging plasticisers UK soils (n = 19) from various land uses (woodlands, urban roadsides, parklands, landfill-associated). Surface plastics soil microplastics were quantified characterised using ATR-FTIR μ-FTIR. Eight (phthalate) three (adipate, citrate, trimellitate) GC–MS. found at higher prevalence landfill-associated roadside sites, with levels significantly (2 orders magnitude) greater than woodlands. Microplastics detected (mean 12.3 particles g−1 dw), (17.3 dw) parkland (15.7 soils, but not woodland The most commonly polymers polyethene, polypropene polystyrene. Mean ∑plasticiser concentration (3111 ng was woodlands (134 dw). No significant difference (318 (193 Di-n-butyl phthalate (94.7% detection frequency) trioctyl trimellitate (89.5%) plasticisers, diethylhexyl (493 di-iso-decyl (96.7 present highest concentrations. concentrations correlated surface (R2 0.23), microplastic Whilst litter seems fundamental source mechanisms such as airborne transport areas may be important. Based on data this study, phthalates remain dominant already widespread, reflected by their presence all studied.

Language: Английский

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Pollution characteristics and affecting factors of phthalate esters in agricultural soils in mainland China

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 466, P. 133625 - 133625

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Occurrence and abundance of microplastics and plasticizers in landfill leachate from open dumpsites in Sri Lanka

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 350, P. 123944 - 123944

Published: April 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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Understanding the leaching of plastic additives and subsequent risks to ecosystems

Water Emerging Contaminants & Nanoplastics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Plastic pollutants have emerged as one of the biggest environmental concerns in recent times. The potential hazards arise from presence additives within microplastics (MPs), which can leach into environment. These serve a multitude purposes, resulting diverse range compounds used plastic formulation. elements are commonly integrated molding processes to enhance usability, optimize material performance, and reduce costs. Throughout lifespan plastics, there exists for release unpolymerized monomers (sometimes more toxic) that not chemically bound polymers; these pose risks environment and, ultimately, human well-being. Assessing impact MPs on life requires determining precise chemical composition level exposure additives. Phthalates flame retardants currently focus extensive examination due their widespread Following closely behind stabilizers antioxidants, also undergoing evaluation. Chemical like hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) possess characteristics such persistence, bioaccumulation, toxicity. understanding ecotoxicological implications discharge primary materials remains limited at present. current state issues concerning regulations transparency regarding additive chemicals is marked by significant lack openness clarity. It paramount thoroughly comprehend assess ecosystems face leaching, degradation, eventual fate when plastics released

Language: Английский

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Environmental occurrence and ecotoxicological risks of plastic leachates in aquatic and terrestrial environments

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 954, P. 176728 - 176728

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Rise of non-phthalate plasticizers: Serious risks to human life and environmental consequences – A comprehensive review

Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 115976 - 115976

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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