Molecular Evolution across Mouse Spermatogenesis

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 39(2)

Published: Jan. 26, 2022

Genes involved in spermatogenesis tend to evolve rapidly, but we lack a clear understanding of how protein sequences and patterns gene expression across this complex developmental process. We used fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) generate data for early (meiotic) late (postmeiotic) types 13 inbred strains mice (Mus) spanning ∼7 My evolution. these comparative investigate the evolution lineage-specific expression, protein-coding sequences, levels. found increased lineage specificity more rapid divergence during spermatogenesis, suggesting that signatures testis molecular are punctuated sperm development. Despite strong overall parallels components evolution, divergences were only weakly correlated genes. detected on X chromosome relative autosomes, whereas X-linked tended be relatively conserved likely reflecting chromosome-specific regulatory constraints. Using allele-specific FACS from crosses between four strains, contributions different mechanisms also differed types. showing cis-regulatory changes common associated with larger differences levels greater species. In contrast, genes trans-acting Our findings advance underscore fundamental importance context evolutionary studies.

Language: Английский

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Sperm competition and the evolution of sperm form and function in mammals

Reproduction in Domestic Animals, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 54(S4), P. 14 - 21

Published: Oct. 1, 2019

Sperm competition is a powerful selective force that has influenced many reproductive traits in males and females although additional evolutionary explanations may help to understand the diversity of mammalian reproduction. morphology varies considerably mammals with extreme examples several rodent lineages which wide range sizes complex head morphologies have been identified. Mammalian spermatozoa also differ function, swimming velocity trajectory showing much divergence. Underlying processes mediating function received little attention so far, but differences timing proportion sperm undergoing capacitation or acrosomal exocytosis be related variation signalling processes. Furthermore, energy required for functions (such as motion, overall maintenance cell integrity) can produced consumed, following different patterns among species this could result forces. A more thorough understanding structure cells, underlying forces, us develop better methods assess them taking into account particulars generalities form performance. Such tests then become reliable estimations impact cryopreservation effect changes environment their relevance fertility.

Language: Английский

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Sperm morphology of the Australasian hydromyine rodents and the interactions between the spermatozoon and oocyte at the time of fertilisation

Reproduction Fertility and Development, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 37(7)

Published: April 6, 2025

Context This paper explores the morphology of spermatozoa in Australian hydromyine rodents, specifically focusing on plains mouse (Pseudomys australis), and examines interactions between sperm eggs at time fertilisation. Aims The aim this study is to provide an overview comparing its across different species investigate gametes fertilisation mouse. Methods We summarise head rodents six divisions, with emphasis structure zona pellucida during Key results Most including mouse, exhibit a highly complex two prominent ventral processes addition apical hook. These primarily contain filamentous actin some New Guinea Pogonomys Division having nuclear extension into lower process. Nevertheless three few Pseudomys have derived heads which lack bind around ovulated oocyte. may stabilise facilitate penetration fusion oolemma time. Conclusion most likely date back over one million years with, interaction egg involving stabilisation attachment. Implications findings suggest valuable insights evolutionary development sperm-egg fertilisation, particular that role be critical for successful group. Understanding these could give insight broader studies reproductive strategies biology rodents.

Language: Английский

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Molecular phylogeny and morphological diversity of theNiviventer fulvescensspecies complex with emphasis on species from China

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 191(2), P. 528 - 547

Published: March 27, 2020

Abstract The Niviventer fulvescens species complex (NFSC), a group of abundant and taxonomically ambiguous rodent taxa, is distributed from Southeast Asia to south-eastern China. We combined molecular morphological datasets clarify the composition variation NFSC. Our phylogenetic analyses, using data, recovered eight genetic lineages in NFSC, including novel, distinct lineage Jilong, Tibet, China, which described as new species, N. fengi sp. nov. status supported by delimitation analysis, it morphologically distinguished other members NFSC its greyish dorsal fur, soft hairs covering whole body hairy tail. bearing well-developed spines are found at lower elevations. A comprehensive taxonomic revision within China provided, represented five species: cremoriventer, fulvescens, huang, mekongis comb. fengi. further study this complex, samples Asia, needed.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Evolution of Ecological Specialisation: Genomic Insights from the Diversification of Murine Rodents

Genome Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(7)

Published: May 13, 2021

Abstract Adaptive radiations are characterized by the diversification and ecological differentiation of species, replicated cases this process provide natural experiments for understanding repeatability pace molecular evolution. During adaptive radiation, genes related to specialization may be subject recurrent positive directional selection. However, it is not clear what extent patterns lineage-specific (including phenotypic convergence) correlated with shared signatures To test this, we sequenced whole exomes from a phylogenetically dispersed sample 38 murine rodent group multiple, nested comprising extensive diversity. We found that associated immunity, reproduction, diet, digestion, taste have been pervasive selection during rodents. also significant correlation between genome-wide dietary specialization, higher proportion positively selected codon sites in derived forms (i.e., carnivores herbivores) than ancestral omnivores). Despite striking convergent evolution skull morphology dentition two distantly worm-eating specialists, did detect more or relaxed nonconvergent species comparison. Although small number detected can incidentally linked craniofacial protein-coding regions unlikely primary genetic basis complex phenotype. Our results suggest link phenotypes, highlight specific general functional categories played an integral role rapid

Language: Английский

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Apical Sperm Hook Morphology Is Linked to Sperm Swimming Performance and Sperm Aggregation in Peromyscus Mice

Cells, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 2279 - 2279

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

Mammals exhibit a tremendous amount of variation in sperm morphology and despite the acknowledgement structural diversity across taxa, its functional significance remains poorly understood. Of particular interest is rodents. While most Eutherian mammal spermatozoa are relatively simple cells with round or paddle-shaped heads, rodent often more complex and, many species, display striking apical hook. The function hook largely unknown, but it has been hypothesized to have evolved as an adaptation inter-male competition thus implicated increased swimming efficiency formation collective movements. Here we empirically test these hypotheses within single lineage Peromyscus rodents, which closely related species naturally vary their mating systems, head shapes, propensity form aggregates varying sizes. We performed morphological analyses well vitro aggregation motility examine whether (i) morphologically varies (ii) associates competition, aggregation, motility. demonstrate inter-specific then show that width negatively speed, signifying larger hooks may be hindrance movement this group mice. Finally, confirmed hinders subset leucopus mice spontaneously produced no highly abnormal hooks. Taken together, our findings suggest any adaptive value likely associated other than such interaction ova cumulous during fertilization, migration through female reproductive tract.

Language: Английский

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Sperm morphology and forward motility are indicators of reproductive success and are not age- or condition-dependent in a captive breeding population of endangered snake

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. e0282845 - e0282845

Published: March 10, 2023

The relationship between male ejaculate traits and reproductive success is an important consideration for captive breeding programs. A recovery plan the endangered Louisiana pinesnake includes release of young to wild. Semen was collected from twenty snakes motility, morphology, membrane viability were measured each male. analyzed in relation fertilization rate eggs produced pairings with a single female (% fertility) determine factors contributing success. In addition, we investigated age- condition-dependence trait. We found significant variation males normal sperm morphology ( x¯ = 44.4 ± 13.6%, n 19) forward motility id="M2">

Language: Английский

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The social shape of sperm: using an integrative machine-learning approach to examine sperm ultrastructure and collective motility

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 288(1959), P. 20211553 - 20211553

Published: Sept. 22, 2021

Sperm is one of the most morphologically diverse cell types in nature, yet they also exhibit remarkable behavioural variation, including formation collective groups cells that swim together for motility or transport through female reproductive tract. Here, we take advantage natural variation sperm traits observed across Peromyscus mice to test hypothesis morphology head influences their aggregation behaviour. Using both manual and automated morphometric approaches quantify complex shapes, then statistical modelling machine learning analyse features, show aspect ratio distinguishing morphological trait statistically associates with movements obtained from vitro observations. We successfully use neural network analysis predict size aggregates species relatively wider heads form larger aggregates, which consistent theoretical prediction an adhesive region around equatorial mediates these unique gametic interactions. Together findings advance our understanding how even subtle design can drive differences function performance.

Language: Английский

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Reproductive biology of the mice and rats (family Muridae) in New Guinea—diversity and evolution

Records of the Australian Museum, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 72(5), P. 303 - 316

Published: Nov. 25, 2020

In New Guinea there are around 100 species of native rodents in the family Muridae that members two tribes, Hydromyini and Rattini, five divisions—the Hydromys, Uromys, Mallomys, Pogonomys, Rattus divisions. Here we review their basic reproductive biology so far as it can be determined from material available. We find females most Hydromys Uromys divisions have 4 nipples, Pogonomys division 6, whereas Mallomys nipple number across ranges 2 to up 12. The fetuses observed pregnant individuals all hydromyine was generally between 1 3 but three or even occasionally more, occurs. males, relative testes mass (RTM) usually 3% body mass, varied markedly only 0.4% Hyomys goliath 5% Pogonomys. spermatozoa divisions, like Australian these contained a head with an apical hook together ventral processes, marked interspecific differences occurred some having sperm processes others were no long hook. Sperm tail length 90 130 µm Chiruromys Xenuromys had lengths 150–153 µm. Male accessory sex glands similar except for preputial which appeared absent very large Hyomys. findings tails suggest selection high levels intermale competition hence multimale breeding systems species, variation gland size social organization.

Language: Английский

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Interspecific diversity of testes mass and sperm morphology in the Philippine chrotomyine rodents: implications for differences in breeding systems across the species

Reproduction Fertility and Development, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 31(4), P. 705 - 705

Published: Nov. 26, 2018

The high diversity of native Philippine murid rodents includes an old endemic group, the chrotomyines, which are sister group Australasian hydromyines. Herein we detail their interspecific relative testes mass (RTM) and sperm morphology. We find that in as hydromyines, to body differs by order magnitude across species ranges from a large RTM Soricomys Chrotomys small Apomys. Sperm morphology is associated with these findings, individuals producing relatively larger spermatozoa prominent apical hook long tail, whereas, contrast, Apomys have head either has very short or no shorter tail. These findings indicate coevolution morphological traits species, marked differences suggesting intensity intermale competition hence breeding system. Thus, hypothesise produce more streamlined longer tails polyandrous promiscuous mating system, whereas smaller less spermatozoa, may exhibit monogamy.

Language: Английский

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