Reading the black book: The number, timing, distribution and causes of listed extinctions in Australia

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 239, P. 108261 - 108261

Published: Nov. 1, 2019

Language: Английский

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Loss of terrestrial biodiversity in Australia: Magnitude, causation, and response

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 381(6658), P. 622 - 631

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

Australia’s biota is species rich, with high rates of endemism. This natural legacy has rapidly diminished since European colonization. The impacts invasive species, habitat loss, altered fire regimes, and changed water flows are now compounded by climate change, particularly through extreme drought, heat, wildfire, flooding. Extinction rates, already far exceeding the global average for mammals, predicted to escalate across all taxa, ecosystems collapsing. These losses symptomatic shortcomings in resourcing, law, policy, management. Informed examples advances conservation practice from control, Indigenous land management, citizen science, we describe interventions needed enhance future resilience. Many characteristics Australian biodiversity loss globally relevant, recovery requiring society reframe its relationship environment.

Language: Английский

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Introduced cats (Felis catus) eating a continental fauna: The number of mammals killed in Australia

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 237, P. 28 - 40

Published: June 20, 2019

Language: Английский

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The threats to Australia’s imperilled species and implications for a national conservation response

Pacific Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 231 - 231

Published: Sept. 16, 2018

Since European occupation of Australia, human activities have caused the dramatic decline and sometimes extinction many continent’s unique species. Here we provide a comprehensive review threats to species listed as threatened under Australia’s Environment Protection Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. Following accepted global categories threat, find that invasive affect largest number (1257 species, or 82% all species); ecosystem modifications (e.g. fire) (74% species) agricultural activity (57%) are also important. The ranking was largely consistent across taxonomic groups degree species’ endangerment. These results were significantly different (P<0.01) from recent analyses globally, which highlighted overexploitation, agriculture urban development major causes decline. Australia is distinct not only in biodiversity it contains but extent mixture processes threaten survival these Notably, IUCN threat classification scheme separates numerous development, agriculture, mining) cause habitat loss, fragmentation degradation, hence further research required quantify net impact types change. We feasible suggestions for more coordinated national approach conservation, could decision makers managers at levels with improved resources information on management. Adequate policy, legislative support funding critical ensuring on-ground management successful halting

Language: Английский

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Interactions among threats affect conservation management outcomes: Livestock grazing removes the benefits of fire management for small mammals in Australian tropical savannas

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 1(7)

Published: May 22, 2019

Abstract Conservation scientists and practitioners usually focus on understanding managing individual threats to biodiversity. However, may interact, making management outcomes unpredictable. Here, we investigated whether interactions between fire regimes introduced livestock affect the conservation goal of population recovery for small mammals in Australia's tropical savannas, using a long‐term landscape‐scale study. Mammal richness abundance increased as reduced average annual extent frequency at large medium scales. these relationships were only evident areas where removed. This interaction arise because predation by feral cats is amplified with vegetation ground cover, cover over longer periods when have access burnt areas, they selectively graze regenerating grass. Fire receives substantial investment across northern Australia, savannas worldwide; this study shows that without appropriate other factors, be ineffective. More broadly, single biodiversity compromised if are not explicitly considered. provides an example how such can evaluated improved conservation.

Language: Английский

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An applied ecology of fear framework: linking theory to conservation practice

Animal Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 308 - 321

Published: Aug. 12, 2020

Abstract Research on the ecology of fear has highlighted importance perceived risk from predators and humans in shaping animal behavior physiology, with potential demographic ecosystem‐wide consequences. Despite recent conceptual advances management implications fear, theory conservation practices have rarely been linked. Many challenges may be alleviated by actively harnessing or compensating for perception avoidance wild populations. Integration into practice can contribute to recovery threatened populations, human–wildlife conflict mitigation, invasive species management, maintenance sustainable harvest reintroduction plans. Here, we present an applied framework that links interventions desired outcomes manipulating dynamics. We discuss how reduce amplify animals habitat structure, sensory stimuli, experience (previous exposure risk) food safety trade‐offs achieve objectives. Changing optimal decision‐making individuals managed populations then further goals spatiotemporal distribution animals, changing predation rates altering effects scale up also outline future directions research will better inform practices. Our help scientists practitioners anticipate mitigate unintended consequences decisions, highlight new levers multi‐species strategies promote coexistence.

Language: Английский

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Island Biogeography

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 30, 2023

Abstract Island Biogeography: Geo-environmental Dynamics, Ecology, Evolution, Human Impact, and Conservation provides a synthetic review covering islands as model systems in the life sciences. It is centred on study of geographical distribution biodiversity how it changes through time, understood medium island biotas ecosystems. comprises four parts devoted turn to: environments; ecology; evolution; human impact conservation. describes origins dynamics different types key characteristics environments that shape their biotic characteristics. identifies theories ecology reviews progress towards evaluation development. sets out essential building blocks evolution emergent patterns insular endemism evolutionary syndromes animals plants. geo-environmental are crucial relevance to understanding developing improved explanatory predictive models ecological dynamics. application theory fragmented spread societies across world these subsequent colonization events environments, biotas, sustainability islands. evidence anthropogenic extinction islands, identifying drivers threats existing native species ecosystems, ways which may make particularly vulnerable certain external influences. considers distinctive conservation challenges solutions be effective

Language: Английский

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Lights at the end of the tunnel: The incidence and characteristics of recovery for Australian threatened animals

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 279, P. 109946 - 109946

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Recovery of threatened species is a widely recognised conservation goal. We assess the incidence and characteristics recovery for Australian animals from establishment Australia's national environmental legislation in 2000 to 2022. Formal de-listings have been few, mostly not indicative actual recovery. However, we assessed that 29 taxa (1 fish, 4 frogs, 1 reptile, 8 birds 15 mammals), representing 6.5 % 446 consider were justifiably listed as threatened, recovered over this period such they no longer meet eligibility criteria listing threatened. Most are mammals whose previous decline was due introduced predators. Their has enabled by sustained management actions (establishment predator-free havens, translocations predator control). The lack invertebrates possibly because these received little investment. limited fish capacity abating threats predators exploitation degradation aquatic systems. Species habitat loss degradation, fire climate change under-represented recoveries. De-listing here would provide tangible recognition indicator success help maintain integrity list. most rapidly become eligible re-listing should their be withdrawn. Although there prevalent trend species, recoveries merit recognition.

Language: Английский

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Trends in animal translocation research

Ecography, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023(3)

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Translocations are an important conservation tool that enable the restoration of species and their ecological functions. They particularly during current environmental crisis. We used a combination text‐analysis tools to track history evolution peer‐reviewed scientific literature on animal translocation science. compared this corpus with research showcased in IUCNs Global Conservation Translocation Perspectives, curated collection non‐peer‐reviewed reintroduction case studies. show literature, its infancy, was dominated by charismatic species. It then grew two classical threads: management concern environment The exhibits bias towards large mammals, while these data invaluable, expansion under‐represented groups such as insects reptiles will be critical combating biodiversity loss across taxonomic groups. These biases were similar but some subtle differences. To ensure science can address global issues, we need overcome barriers restrict limited number countries.

Language: Английский

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A‐Islands: A Vascular Plant Dataset for Biodiversity Research and Species Monitoring on Australian Continental Islands

Journal of Vegetation Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 36(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Aims Australia's coastline is fringed by more than 8000 continental islands. These islands feature a diverse array of landforms, rock and soil types geological origins. Some these are among the least invaded, most pristine habitats in Australia support high plant diversity. Here, we present new Australia‐wide curated dataset for species occurrences on Results Combining information from 1349 lists floras, A‐Islands includes data > 6500 844 ranging size 18 m 2 to 4400 km , exhibiting different degrees isolation mainland, spanning all major Australian climate zones. Of these, 251 have been repeatedly sampled up 11 times, making it possible investigate temporal compositional change. open access will be continuously updated. Its simple structure, consisting three comma‐separated files allows easy integration with other global plant‐occurrence databases can serve as repository island research Australia. Conclusions Knowing which occur provide opportunities future research, including studying changes biodiversity turnover within archipelagos, tests classical biogeography theory, baseline ecological monitoring conservation.

Language: Английский

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