A Cellular Perspective on Brain Energy Metabolism and Functional Imaging

Neuron, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 86(4), P. 883 - 901

Published: May 1, 2015

Language: Английский

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Lactate in the brain: from metabolic end-product to signalling molecule

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 19(4), P. 235 - 249

Published: March 8, 2018

Language: Английский

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The Effects of Acute Exercise on Mood, Cognition, Neurophysiology, and Neurochemical Pathways: A Review

Brain Plasticity, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 127 - 152

Published: Feb. 14, 2017

A significant body of work has investigated the effects acute exercise, defined as a single bout physical activity, on mood and cognitive functions in humans. Several excellent recent reviews have summarized these findings; however, neurobiological basis results received less attention. In this review, we will first briefly summarize behavioral changes that occur with exercise We then review from both human animal model studies documenting wide range neurophysiological neurochemical alterations after exercise. Finally, discuss strengths, weaknesses, missing elements current literature, well offer an standardization protocol provide possible goals for future research.

Language: Английский

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Brain Glucose Metabolism: Integration of Energetics with Function

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 99(1), P. 949 - 1045

Published: Dec. 19, 2018

Glucose is the long-established, obligatory fuel for brain that fulfills many critical functions, including ATP production, oxidative stress management, and synthesis of neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, structural components. Neuronal glucose oxidation exceeds in astrocytes, but both rates increase direct proportion to excitatory neurotransmission; signaling metabolism are closely coupled at local level. Exact details neuron-astrocyte glutamate-glutamine cycling remain be established, specific roles lactate cellular energetics these processes debated. Glycolysis preferentially upregulated during activation even though oxygen availability sufficient (aerobic glycolysis). Three major pathways, glycolysis, pentose phosphate shunt, glycogen turnover, contribute utilization excess oxygen, adrenergic regulation aerobic glycolysis draws attention astrocytic metabolism, particularly which has a high impact on oxygen-carbohydrate mismatch. Aerobic proposed predominant young children regions, re-evaluation data necessary. Shuttling glucose- glycogen-derived from astrocytes neurons activation, neurotransmission, memory consolidation controversial topics alternative mechanisms proposed. Nutritional therapy vagus nerve stimulation translational bridges clinical treatment diverse disorders.

Language: Английский

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Lactate metabolism in human health and disease

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Abstract The current understanding of lactate extends from its origins as a byproduct glycolysis to role in tumor metabolism, identified by studies on the Warburg effect. shuttle hypothesis suggests that plays an important bridging signaling molecule coordinates among different cells, organs and tissues. Lactylation is posttranslational modification initially reported Professor Yingming Zhao’s research group 2019. Subsequent confirmed lactylation vital component function involved proliferation, neural excitation, inflammation other biological processes. An indispensable substance for various physiological cellular functions, regulatory aspects energy metabolism signal transduction. Therefore, comprehensive review summary presented clarify disease provide reference direction future research. This offers systematic overview homeostasis roles pathological processes, well effects diseases, particularly cancer.

Language: Английский

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In Vivo Evidence for a Lactate Gradient from Astrocytes to Neurons

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 94 - 102

Published: Nov. 19, 2015

Language: Английский

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Endothelial Cell Metabolism

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 98(1), P. 3 - 58

Published: Nov. 22, 2017

Endothelial cells (ECs) are more than inert blood vessel lining material. Instead, they active players in the formation of new vessels (angiogenesis) both health and (life-threatening) diseases. Recently, a concept arose by which EC metabolism drives angiogenesis parallel to well-established angiogenic growth factors (e.g., vascular endothelial factor). 6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase-3-driven glycolysis generates energy sustain competitive behavior ECs at tip growing sprout, whereas carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a-controlled fatty acid oxidation regulates nucleotide synthesis proliferation stalk sprout. To maintain homeostasis, rely on an intricate metabolic wiring characterized intracellular compartmentalization, use metabolites for epigenetic regulation subtype differentiation, crosstalk through metabolite release with other cell types, exhibit subtype-specific traits. Importantly, maladaptation contributes disorders, dysfunction or excess angiogenesis, presents opportunities anti-angiogenic strategies. Here we provide comprehensive overview established as well newly uncovered aspects metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Lactate Contribution to the Tumor Microenvironment: Mechanisms, Effects on Immune Cells and Therapeutic Relevance

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Feb. 16, 2016

Malignant transformation of cells leads to enhanced glucose uptake and the conversion a larger fraction pyruvate into lactate, even under normoxic conditions; this phenomenon aerobic glycolysis is largely known as Warburg effect. This metabolic reprogramming serves generate biosynthetic precursors, thus facilitating survival rapidly proliferating malignant cells. Extracellular lactate directs tumor cells, thereby serving an additional selective pressure. Besides stromal are another source production in microenvironment, whose role both growth anti-tumor immune response subject intense research. In review, we provide integral perspective relationship between overall from structure pathways for its synthesis, receptors, signaling pathways, lactate-producing lactate-responding how all contribute outcome. We discuss immunosuppressor molecule that contributes evasion explore possibility targeting metabolism cancer treatment, well using prognostic biomarker.

Language: Английский

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Lactate mediates the effects of exercise on learning and memory through SIRT1-dependent activation of hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1661 - 18

Published: Jan. 28, 2019

Exercise promotes learning and memory formation. These effects depend on increases in hippocampal BDNF, a growth factor associated with cognitive improvement the alleviation of depression symptoms. Identifying molecules that are produced during exercise mediate Bdnf expression will allow us to harness therapeutic potential exercise. Here, we report an endogenous molecule male mice induces Mus musculus Bdnf gene The metabolite lactate, which is released by muscles, crosses blood–brain barrier TRKB signaling hippocampus. Indeed, find lactate-dependent BDNF improved spatial retention. action lactate dependent activation Sirtuin1 deacetylase. SIRT1 levels transcriptional coactivator PGC1a secreted FNDC5, known expression. results reveal mechanism explain how physical leads induction identify as may have value for CNS diseases disrupted. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT It established formation alleviates symptoms depression. mediated through inducing Understanding identifying this design strategies can mimic brain, especially patients disorders characterized decrease who cannot because their conditions. We exercise, BDNF-dependent manner. Our work identifies component “exercise pill.”

Language: Английский

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Lactate: A Metabolic Driver in the Tumour Landscape

Trends in Biochemical Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 44(2), P. 153 - 166

Published: Nov. 22, 2018

Language: Английский

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