PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
14(8), P. e0219753 - e0219753
Published: Aug. 5, 2019
In
order
to
establish
effective
conservation
strategy,
drivers
of
local
and
regional
patterns
biodiversity
need
be
understood.
The
composition
is
dependent
on
a
number
factors
including
evolution
redistribution
lineages
through
dispersal
environmental
heterogeneity.
Brazilian
canga
characterised
by
ferrugineous
substrate,
found
both
in
the
Iron
Quadrangle
Minas
Gerais
Carajás
mountains
Amazonia.
Canga
one
several
specialised
habitat
types
comprising
campo
rupestre,
montane
vegetation
within
or
adjacent
major
bioregions,
Atlantic
Forest
Amazonia,
with
exceptionally
high
levels
diversity
endemism
arising
from
history
variation.
inform
for
canga,
more
broadly
we
performed
floristic
phylogenetic
analyses
investigating
affinities
between
28
sites
different
substrates
(canga
quartzite)
geographic
locations
(Carajás,
Pará
[Amazonia];
Cadeia
do
Espinhaço,
Gerais;
Chapada
Diamantina,
Bahia).
Through
analysis
11204
occurrences
4705
species
angiosperms,
that
Amazonian
plant
communities
formed
cohesive
group,
distinct
assemblages
Eastern
Brazil
(Minas
Gerais,
Bahia),
either
quartzite.
megatree
across
all
investigated
shows
associations
certain
clades
few
shared
sites,
while
comparison
heterogeneity
sites.
reserves
has
been
recognized
addressed
creation
national
park.
However,
current
sampling
does
not
provide
sufficient
reassurance
areas
now
benefitting
full
legal
protection
adequately
represent
flora.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
115(23), P. 6034 - 6039
Published: May 14, 2018
Significance
Amazonia
is
not
only
the
world’s
most
diverse
rainforest
but
also
region
in
tropical
America
that
has
contributed
to
its
total
biodiversity.
We
show
this
by
estimating
and
comparing
evolutionary
history
of
a
large
number
animal
plant
species.
find
there
been
extensive
interchange
lineages
among
different
regions
biomes,
over
course
tens
millions
years.
stands
out
as
primary
source
diversity,
which
can
be
mainly
explained
amount
time
Amazonian
have
occupied
region.
The
exceedingly
rich
heterogeneous
diversity
American
tropics
could
achieved
high
rates
dispersal
events
across
continent.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
114(40), P. 10695 - 10700
Published: Sept. 18, 2017
Significance
Large
floristic
datasets
that
purportedly
represent
the
diversity
and
composition
of
Amazon
tree
flora
are
being
widely
used
to
draw
conclusions
about
patterns
evolution
plant
diversity,
but
these
fundamentally
flawed
in
both
their
methodology
resulting
content.
We
have
assembled
a
comprehensive
dataset
Amazonian
seed
species
from
published
sources
includes
falsifiable
data
based
on
voucher
specimens
identified
by
taxonomic
specialists.
This
growing
list
should
serve
as
basis
for
addressing
long-standing
debate
number
Amazon,
well
downstream
ecological
evolutionary
analyses
aimed
at
understanding
origin
function
exceptional
biodiversity
vast
forests.
PhytoKeys,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
240, P. 1 - 552
Published: April 3, 2024
Caesalpinioideae
is
the
second
largest
subfamily
of
legumes
(Leguminosae)
with
ca.
4680
species
and
163
genera.
It
an
ecologically
economically
important
group
formed
mostly
woody
perennials
that
range
from
large
canopy
emergent
trees
to
functionally
herbaceous
geoxyles,
lianas
shrubs,
which
has
a
global
distribution,
occurring
on
every
continent
except
Antarctica.
Following
recent
re-circumscription
15
genera
as
presented
in
Advances
Legume
Systematics
14,
Part
1,
using
basis
phylogenomic
analysis
997
nuclear
gene
sequences
for
420
all
but
five
currently
recognised
subfamily,
we
present
new
higher-level
classification
subfamily.
The
comprises
eleven
tribes,
are
either
new,
reinstated
or
re-circumscribed
at
this
rank:
Caesalpinieae
Rchb.
(27
/
223
species),
Campsiandreae
LPWG
(2
5–22),
Cassieae
Bronn
(7
695),
Ceratonieae
(4
6),
Dimorphandreae
Benth.
35),
Erythrophleeae
/13),
Gleditsieae
Nakai
(3
20),
Mimoseae
(100
3510),
Pterogyneae
(1
1),
Schizolobieae
(8
42–43),
Sclerolobieae
&
Hook.
f.
(5
113).
Although
many
these
lineages
have
been
named
past,
tribes
informal
generic
groups,
their
circumscriptions
varied
widely
changed
over
past
decades,
such
described
here
differ
membership
those
previously
recognised.
Importantly,
approximately
3500
100
former
Mimosoideae
now
placed
reinstated,
newly
circumscribed,
tribe
Mimoseae.
Because
size
ecological
importance
tribe,
also
provide
clade-based
system
includes
17
lower-level
clades.
Fourteen
remain
unplaced
clades:
eight
resolved
two
grades
six
phylogenetically
isolated
monogeneric
lineages.
In
addition
classification,
key
genera,
morphological
descriptions
notes
diversity
growth
forms,
foliage,
flowers
fruits
illustrated
each
genus
distribution
map,
based
quality-controlled
herbarium
specimen
localities.
A
glossary
specialised
terms
used
legume
morphology
provided.
This
provides
solid
communication
framework
downstream
analyses
biogeography,
trait
evolution
diversification,
well
taxonomic
revision
still
understudied
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
114(36)
Published: Aug. 21, 2017
Significance
Although
plants
and
their
herbivores
account
for
most
of
macroscopic,
terrestrial
biodiversity,
we
do
not
fully
understand
the
evolutionary
origins
this
high
diversity.
Coevolutionary
theory
proposes
that
adaptations
between
are
reciprocal
interactions
might
have
driven
diversification
community
composition.
Contrary
to
scenario
defense
counterdefense,
find
an
apparent
asymmetry
in
herbivores.
Specifically,
despite
constraints
long
lifetimes
trees,
plant–antiherbivore
defenses
may
be
more
evolutionarily
labile
than
herbivore
hosts,
allowing
long-lived
plant
species
persist
arms
race
with
insect
In
contrast,
“chasing”
plants,
feeding
on
which
they
preadaptations.
PeerJ,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
6, P. e5644 - e5644
Published: Oct. 4, 2018
The
unparalleled
biodiversity
found
in
the
American
tropics
(the
Neotropics)
has
attracted
attention
of
naturalists
for
centuries.
Despite
major
advances
recent
years
our
understanding
origin
and
diversification
many
Neotropical
taxa
biotic
regions,
questions
remain
to
be
answered.
Additional
biological
geological
data
are
still
needed,
as
well
methodological
that
capable
bridging
these
research
fields.
In
this
review,
aimed
primarily
at
advanced
students
early-career
scientists,
we
introduce
concept
"trans-disciplinary
biogeography,"
which
refers
integration
from
multiple
areas
biology
(e.g.,
community
ecology,
phylogeography,
systematics,
historical
biogeography)
Earth
physical
sciences
geology,
climatology,
palaeontology),
a
means
reconstruct
giant
puzzle
evolution
space
time.
We
caution
against
extrapolating
results
derived
study
one
or
few
convey
general
scenarios
landscape
formation.
urge
more
coordination
ideas
among
disciplines,
transcending
their
traditional
boundaries,
basis
advancing
tomorrow's
ground-breaking
research.
Our
review
highlights
great
opportunities
studying
biota
understand
life.
Science,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
363(6432), P. 1213 - 1216
Published: March 14, 2019
Ecological
theory
predicts
that
the
high
local
diversity
observed
in
tropical
forests
is
maintained
by
negative
density-dependent
interactions
within
and
between
closely
related
plant
species.
By
using
long-term
data
on
tree
growth
survival
for
coexisting
Inga
(Fabaceae,
Mimosoideae)
congeners,
we
tested
two
mechanisms
thought
to
underlie
density
dependence
(NDD):
competition
resources
attack
herbivores.
We
quantified
similarity
of
neighbors
terms
key
ecological
traits
mediate
these
interactions,
as
well
herbivore
communities.
show
phytochemical
shared
communities
are
associated
with
decreased
at
sapling
stage,
a
bottleneck
life
cycle
trees.
None
resource
acquisition
affect
performance,
indicating
may
not
shape
diversity.
These
results
suggest
pressure
primary
mechanism
driving
NDD
stage.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
8
Published: Dec. 19, 2017
Old,
climate-buffered
infertile
landscapes
(Ocbils)
have
attracted
increasing
levels
of
interest
in
recent
years
because
their
exceptionally
diverse
plant
communities.
Brazil's
campos
rupestres
(rupestrian
grasslands)
are
home
to
almost
15%
native
flora
less
than
0.8%
territory:
an
ideal
study
system
for
exploring
variation
floristic
diversity
and
phylogenetic
structure
sites
differing
geology
phytophysiognomy.
We
found
significant
differences
across
a
range
encompassing
open
vegetation
forest
on
quartzite
(FQ)
ironstone
substrates,
commonly
termed
canga.
Substrate
physiognomy
were
key
structuring
the
Espinhaço
was
more
important
substrate
diversity,
with
neither
nor
its
interaction
accounting
structure.
Phylogenetic
clustering
both
canga
quartzite,
reflecting
potential
role
environmental
filtering
these
exposed
montane
communities
adapted
multiple
stressors.
In
communities,
only
at
relatively
deep
nodes
phylogeny
FQ
while
no
detected
(FC),
which
may
be
attributable
proximity
megadiverse
Atlantic
biome
and/or
comparatively
benign
conditions
FC
deep,
nutrient-rich
soils
access
edaphic
water
reliable
comparison
those
or
quartzite.
Clades
representing
old
lineages
significantly
over-represented
consistent
Gondwanan
Heritage
Hypothesis
Ocbil
theory.
contrast,
forested
recognized
as
Yodfels.
To
effective,
conservation
measures
must
take
account
distinct
encompassed
within
broad
term
rupestres,
vulnerabilities
Ocbils
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: Nov. 14, 2019
The
Amazonian
landscape
evolution
is
the
result
of
combined
effect
Andean
tectonism,
climate
and
Earth's
interior
dynamics.
To
reconstruct
its
influence
on
paleoenvironmental
variations
within
Amazonia
since
Oligocene,
we
conducted
numerical
experiments
that
incorporate
different
surface
geodynamic
processes,
reproducing
many
paleogeographic
features
as
inferred
from
sedimentary
record.
We
show
drainage
pattern
gradually
reduced
area
sedimentation
derived
Guiana
Brazilian
shields
while
expanded
deposits
during
Miocene,
affecting
nutrient
availability.
First
order
biotic
habitats
were
these
paleogeographical
reconstructions,
showing
an
eastward
expansion
várzea
terra
firme
forests
consequent
retraction
igapó
forests,
with
a
millennial-scale
reconfiguration
mosaic
in
lowlands.
conclude
this
dynamism
probably
guided
observed
patterns
speciation
most
biodiverse
biome
Earth.
New Phytologist,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
222(4), P. 1994 - 2008
Published: Dec. 11, 2018
Summary
The
extent
to
which
phylogenetic
biome
conservatism
vs
shifting
determines
global
patterns
of
biodiversity
remains
poorly
understood.
To
address
this
question,
we
investigated
the
biogeography
and
trajectories
growth
form
evolution
across
Caesalpinia
Group
(Leguminosae),
a
clade
225
species
trees,
shrubs
lianas
distributed
Rainforest,
Succulent,
Temperate
Savanna
Biomes.
We
focused
especially
on
little‐known
Succulent
Biome,
an
assemblage
succulent‐rich,
grass‐poor,
seasonally
dry
tropical
vegetation
disjunctly
Neotropics,
Africa,
Arabia
Madagascar.
reconstructed
time‐calibrated
phylogeny,
assembled
occurrence
data
assigned
areas,
biomes
forms.
These
are
used
estimate
frequency
transcontinental
disjunctions,
shifts
evolutionary
transitions
between
forms
test
for
correlated
shifts.
uncovered
pattern
strong
Biome
conservatism.
showed
that
disjunctions
confined
within
frequent
Savanna,
Rainforest
Biomes
infrequent
closely
associated
with
in
plant
Our
results
suggest
comprises
ecologically
constrained
arena
spanning
large
geographical
tropics.
Molecular Ecology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
29(18), P. 3413 - 3428
Published: Aug. 3, 2020
Evaluating
the
factors
that
drive
patterns
of
population
differentiation
in
plants
is
critical
for
understanding
several
biological
processes
such
as
local
adaptation
and
incipient
speciation.
Previous
studies
have
given
conflicting
results
regarding
significance
pollination
mode,
seed
dispersal
mating
system,
growth
form
latitudinal
region
shaping
genetic
structure,
estimated
by
FST
values,
no
study
to
date
has
tested
their
relative
importance
together
across
a
broad
scale.
Here,
we
assembled
337-species
data
set
from
publications
with
on
nuclear
markers
species
traits,
including
variables
pertaining
sampling
scheme
each
study.
We
used
while
accounting
variables,
perform
phylogenetic
multiple
regressions.
Results
demonstrated
values
were
higher
tropical,
mixed-mating,
non-woody
pollinated
small
insects,
indicating
greater
differentiation,
lower
temperate,
outcrossing
trees
wind.
Among
tested,
explained
largest
portion
variance,
followed
system
form,
mode
did
not
significantly
relate
.
Our
analyses
provide
most
robust
comprehensive
evaluation
main
ecological
predicted
plants,
important
implications
basis
divergence.
supports
previous
findings
showing
tropical
regions
first
are
aware
robustly
demonstrate
insects.