Soft actuators for real-world applications

Nature Reviews Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 235 - 249

Published: Nov. 10, 2021

Language: Английский

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Extracellular matrix: an important regulator of cell functions and skeletal muscle development

Cell & Bioscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: March 31, 2021

Abstract Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a kind of connective tissue in the cell microenvironment, which great significance to development. ECM muscle fiber niche consists three layers: epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium (basal lamina). These layers structure can not only maintain morphology skeletal muscle, but also play an important role physiological functions cells, such as transmission mechanical force, regeneration fiber, formation neuromuscular junction. In this paper, detailed discussions are made for key components tissue, development, application biomedical engineering. This review will provide reader with comprehensive overview ECM, well understanding structure, function, tissue.

Language: Английский

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Ultrasound-Responsive Systems as Components for Smart Materials

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 122(5), P. 5165 - 5208

Published: Nov. 12, 2021

Smart materials can respond to stimuli and adapt their responses based on external cues from environments. Such behavior requires a way transport energy efficiently then convert it for use in applications such as actuation, sensing, or signaling. Ultrasound carry safely with low losses through complex opaque media. It be localized small regions of space couple systems over wide range time scales. However, the same characteristics that allow ultrasound propagate make difficult acoustic into other useful forms. Recent work across diverse fields has begun address this challenge, demonstrating ultrasonic effects provide control physical chemical surprisingly high specificity. Here, we review recent progress ultrasound-matter interactions, focusing incorporated components smart materials. These techniques build fundamental phenomena cavitation, microstreaming, scattering, radiation forces enable capabilities payload delivery, initiation biological processes. The diversity emerging holds great promise supported by poses interesting questions further investigations.

Language: Английский

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Soft three-dimensional network materials with rational bio-mimetic designs

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: March 4, 2020

Abstract Many biological tissues offer J-shaped stress–strain responses, since their microstructures exhibit a three-dimensional (3D) network construction of curvy filamentary structures that lead to bending-to-stretching transition the deformation mode under an external tension. The development artificial 3D soft materials and device systems can reproduce nonlinear, anisotropic mechanical properties remains challenging. Here we report class defect-insensitive, nonlinear responses closely matched with those tissues. This material system exploits lattice configuration different topologies, where helical connect nodes serve as building blocks network. By tailoring geometries or wide range desired curves be achieved. Demonstrative applications developed conducting bio-mimetic suggest potential uses in flexible bio-integrated devices.

Language: Английский

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Biohybrid robotics with living cell actuation

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 49(12), P. 4043 - 4069

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

This review comprehensively discusses recent advances in the basic components, controlling methods and especially applications of biohybrid robots.

Language: Английский

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An autonomously swimming biohybrid fish designed with human cardiac biophysics

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 375(6581), P. 639 - 647

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

Biohybrid systems have been developed to better understand the design principles and coordination mechanisms of biological systems. We consider whether two functional regulatory features heart-mechanoelectrical signaling automaticity-could be transferred a synthetic analog another fluid transport system: swimming fish. By leveraging cardiac mechanoelectrical signaling, we recreated reciprocal contraction relaxation in muscular bilayer construct where each occurs automatically as response stretching an antagonistic muscle pair. Further, entrain this closed-loop actuation cycle, engineered electrically autonomous pacing node, which enhanced spontaneous contraction. The biohybrid fish equipped with intrinsic control strategies demonstrated self-sustained body-caudal fin swimming, highlighting role feedback pumps such heart muscles.

Language: Английский

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An Overview of Soft Robotics

Annual Review of Control Robotics and Autonomous Systems, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 1 - 29

Published: Nov. 14, 2022

Soft robots’ flexibility and compliance give them the potential to outperform traditional rigid-bodied robots while performing multiple tasks in unexpectedly changing environments conditions. However, soft are yet reveal their full potential; nature is still far more advanced several areas, such as locomotion manipulation. To understand what limits performance hinders transition from laboratory real-world conditions, future studies should focus on understanding principles behind design operation of robots. Such also consider major challenges with regard complex materials, accurate modeling, control, intelligent behaviors. As a starting point for studies, this review provides current overview field by examining working mechanisms actuation sensing modalities, modeling techniques, control strategies, learning architectures Next, we summarize how these approaches can be applied create sophisticated examine application areas. Finally, provide perspectives key tackled first advance robotics truly add value our society.

Language: Английский

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Remote control of muscle-driven miniature robots with battery-free wireless optoelectronics

Science Robotics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(74)

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

Bioengineering approaches that combine living cellular components with three-dimensional scaffolds to generate motion can be used develop a new generation of miniature robots. Integrating on-board electronics and remote control in these biological machines will enable various applications across engineering, biology, medicine. Here, we present hybrid bioelectronic robots equipped battery-free microinorganic light-emitting diodes for wireless real-time communication. Centimeter-scale walking were computationally designed optimized host optoelectronics independent stimulation multiple optogenetic skeletal muscles, achieving command walking, turning, plowing, transport functions both at individual collective levels. This work paves the way toward class biohybrid able actuation sensing computing.

Language: Английский

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Flexible and Stretchable Light-Emitting Diodes and Photodetectors for Human-Centric Optoelectronics

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(3), P. 768 - 859

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Optoelectronic devices with unconventional form factors, such as flexible and stretchable light-emitting or photoresponsive devices, are core elements for the next-generation human-centric optoelectronics. For instance, these deformable can be utilized closely fitted wearable sensors to acquire precise biosignals that subsequently uploaded cloud immediate examination diagnosis, also used vision systems human-interactive robotics. Their inception was propelled by breakthroughs in novel optoelectronic material technologies device blueprinting methodologies, endowing flexibility mechanical resilience conventional rigid devices. This paper reviews advancements soft technologies, honing on various materials, manufacturing techniques, design strategies. We will first highlight general approaches fabrication, including appropriate selection substrate, electrodes, insulation layers. then focus materials diodes, their integration strategies, representative application examples. Next, we move photodetectors, highlighting state-of-the-art fabrication methods, followed At end, a brief summary given, potential challenges further development of functional discussed conclusion.

Language: Английский

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Synthetic morphology with agential materials

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 46 - 59

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

Bioengineering can address many important needs, from transformative biomedicine to environmental remediation. In addition practical applications, the construction of new living systems will increase our understanding biology and nurture emerging intersections between biological computational sciences. this Review, we discuss transition cell-level synthetic multicellular morphology. We highlight experimental embryology studies, including organoids xenobots, that go beyond familiar, default outcomes embryogenesis, revealing plasticity, interoperability problem-solving capacities life. traditional bottom-up engineering genes proteins, design strategies be pursued based on modelling cell collectives as agential materials, with their own goals, agendas powers problem-solving. Such an bioengineering approach could transform developmental biology, regenerative medicine robotics, building frameworks include active, matter. Synthetic morphogenesis is limited by knowledge gaps about competencies cells groups. This Review discusses a framework empirically determined properties cells, goal-seeking behaviours, which allow creation complex devices cannot built using approaches.

Language: Английский

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