Cognitive processing of a common stimulus synchronizes brains, hearts, and eyes

PNAS Nexus, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 1(1)

Published: March 1, 2022

Neural, physiological, and behavioral signals synchronize between human subjects in a variety of settings. Multiple hypotheses have been proposed to explain this interpersonal synchrony, but there is no clarity under which conditions it arises, for signals, or whether common underlying mechanism. We hypothesized that cognitive processing shared stimulus the source synchrony subjects, measured here as intersubject correlation (ISC). To test this, we presented informative videos participants an attentive distracted condition subsequently information recall. ISC was observed electro-encephalography, gaze position, pupil size, heart rate, not respiration head movements. The strength co-modulated different changed with attentional state, predicted subsequent recall videos. There robust within-subject coupling brain, heart, eyes, results suggest result effective processing, thus emerges only those exhibit brain-body connection. While physiological fluctuations may be driven by multiple features stimulus, other individuals level engagement stimulus.

Language: Английский

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Large-scale neural dynamics in a shared low-dimensional state space reflect cognitive and attentional dynamics

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 3, 2023

Cognition and attention arise from the adaptive coordination of neural systems in response to external internal demands. The low-dimensional latent subspace that underlies large-scale dynamics relationships these cognitive attentional states, however, are unknown. We conducted functional magnetic resonance imaging as human participants performed tasks, watched comedy sitcom episodes an educational documentary, rested. Whole-brain traversed a common set states spanned canonical gradients brain organization, with global desynchronization among networks modulating state transitions. Neural were synchronized across people during engaging movie watching aligned narrative event structures. reflected fluctuations such different indicated engaged task naturalistic contexts, whereas lapses both contexts. Together, results demonstrate traversals along organization reflect dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Lonely Individuals Process the World in Idiosyncratic Ways

Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(6), P. 683 - 695

Published: April 7, 2023

Loneliness is detrimental to well-being and often accompanied by self-reported feelings of not being understood other people. What contributes such in lonely people? We used functional MRI 66 first-year university students unobtrusively measure the relative alignment people’s mental processing naturalistic stimuli tested whether people actually process world idiosyncratic ways. found evidence for idiosyncrasy: Lonely individuals’ neural responses were dissimilar those their peers, particularly regions default-mode network which similar have been associated with shared perspectives subjective understanding. These relationships persisted when we controlled demographic similarities, objective social isolation, friendships each other. Our findings raise possibility that surrounded who see differently from oneself, even if one friends them, may be a risk factor loneliness.

Language: Английский

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The Hippocampal Horizon: Constructing and Segmenting Experience for Episodic Memory

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 132, P. 181 - 196

Published: Nov. 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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Neural signatures of shared subjective affective engagement and disengagement during movie viewing

Human Brain Mapping, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(4)

Published: March 1, 2024

When watching a negative emotional movie, we differ from person to in the ease with which engage and difficulty disengage throughout temporally evolving narrative. We investigated neural responses of processing, by considering inter-individual synchronization subjective engagement disengagement. The underpinnings these shared are ideally studied naturalistic scenarios like movie viewing, wherein individuals emotionally at their own time pace course Despite rich data that designs can bring study, there is challenge determining time-resolved behavioral markers disengagement underlying responses. used within-subject cross-over design instructing 22 subjects watch clips either neutral or sad content while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants watched same movies second continuously annotating perceived intensity, thus enabling mapping brain activity experience. Our analyses revealed between-participant similarity waxing (engagement) waning (disengagement) intensity was directly related spatiotemporal patterns activation during movie(s). Similar reflected common bilateral ventromedial prefrontal cortex, regions often involved self-referenced evaluation generation emotions. central executive default mode network top-down emotion regulation. Together this work helps better understand cognitive mechanisms underpinning evocative narratives.

Language: Английский

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Individual differences in neural event segmentation of continuous experiences

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(13), P. 8164 - 8178

Published: March 29, 2023

Abstract Event segmentation is a spontaneous part of perception, important for processing continuous information and organizing it into memory. Although neural behavioral event show degree inter-subject consistency, meaningful individual variability exists atop these shared patterns. Here we characterized differences in the location boundaries across four short movies that evoked variable interpretations. boundary alignment subjects followed posterior-to-anterior gradient was tightly correlated with rate segmentation: slower-segmenting regions integrate over longer time periods showed more locations. This relationship held irrespective stimulus, but to which particular were versus idiosyncratic depended on certain aspects movie content. Furthermore, this behaviorally significant similarity locations during movie-watching predicted how ultimately remembered appraised. In particular, identified subset are both aligned encoding predictive stimulus interpretation, suggesting may be mechanism by narratives generate memories appraisals stimuli.

Language: Английский

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Neural synchronization as a function of engagement with the narrative

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 276, P. 120215 - 120215

Published: June 2, 2023

We can all agree that a good story engages us, however, agreeing which is far more debatable. In this study, we explored whether engagement with narrative synchronizes listeners' brain responses, by examining individual differences in to the same story. To do so, pre-registered and re-analyzed previously collected dataset Chang et al. (2021) of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scans 25 participants who listened one-hour answered questionnaires. assessed degree their overall main characters. The questionnaires revealed story, as well different valence towards specific Neuroimaging data showed auditory cortex, default mode network (DMN) language regions were involved processing Increased was correlated increased neural synchronization within DMN (especially medial prefrontal cortex), outside such dorso-lateral cortex reward system. Interestingly, positively negatively engaging characters elicited patterns synchronization. Finally, connectivity between DMN, ventral attention control network. Taken together, these findings suggest responses mentalizing, reward, working memory attention. By engagement, are due not narrative's content.

Language: Английский

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Connectome-based machine learning models are vulnerable to subtle data manipulations

Patterns, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(7), P. 100756 - 100756

Published: May 15, 2023

Neuroimaging-based predictive models continue to improve in performance, yet a widely overlooked aspect of these is "trustworthiness," or robustness data manipulations. High trustworthiness imperative for researchers have confidence their findings and interpretations. In this work, we used functional connectomes explore how minor manipulations influence machine learning predictions. These included method falsely enhance prediction performance adversarial noise attacks designed degrade performance. Although drastically changed model the original manipulated were extremely similar (

Language: Английский

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EEG theta and N400 responses to congruent versus incongruent brand logos

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: March 16, 2022

Abstract Neuroimaging and behavioral studies have shown that brands convey meaning to consumers. To investigate the immediate reactions of brain brand logos, followed either by congruent or incongruent pictorial brand-related cues, can deepen understanding semantic processing brands, perhaps how consolidated logo is in consumers’ minds. Participants were exposed different image sets, (a match between images logo) mismatch while having their signals recorded. Event-related potential EEG time–frequency domain features extracted from target (brand logo). The results showed significantly larger N400 peak relative theta power increase for compared which could be attributed an error-monitoring process. Thus, we argue are encoded deeply minds, cognitive mismatched (vs matched) logos more difficult, leading greater error monitoring. mostly consistent with previous investigating incongruences linguistic field. Therefore, process extended beyond forms, example brands.

Language: Английский

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The relationship between environmental context and attentional engagement in podcast listening experiences

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

Previous research has shown that podcasts are most frequently consumed using mobile listening devices across a wide variety of environmental, situational, and social contexts. To date, no studies have investigated how an individual's environmental context might influence their attentional engagement in podcast experiences. Improving understanding the contexts which episodes take place, they affect listener engagement, could be highly valuable to researchers producers working fields object-based personalized media.An online questionnaire on habits behaviors was distributed sample 264 listeners. An exploratory factor analysis run identify factors Five aspects were also defined measured sample.The revealed five labeled as: outdoors, indoors & at home, evenings, soundscape work, exercise. The provided comprehensive quantitative account contemporary experiences.The results presented support hypothesis elements listener's can work suggests some listeners actively choose consume mask disturbing stimuli surrounding soundscape. Further suggested proposed positively correlated with engagement. pertinent studies, experiences, media, provide basis for seeking explore other forms

Language: Английский

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