Combating Climate Change and Global Warming for a Sustainable Living in Harmony with Nature

Journal of Geographical Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(3), P. 1 - 17

Published: June 29, 2023

As humanity has been polluting the atmosphere with greenhouse gases, planet is getting warmed up which triggering frequency and intensity of extreme events like heat waves, dry conditions, wildfires, cyclones, tornadoes, lightning, massive flooding all over Earth. There considerable evidence that concentration especially CO2 steadily increased in as a result indiscriminate use fossil fuels around world particularly during last 70 years. The glaciers high mountain polar regions are diminishing fast, sea levels rising, food production being affected severely certain parts world. In fact, changing climate currently become one major threats to survival civilization. scientific communities warning emergency requesting decision makers promptly respond act sustain life on To deliver net zero emissions by year 2050, whole must phase out technologies such coal-powered thermal plants diesel/petrol/gasoline-powered vehicles release abundant amounts other gases into invest development clean energies hydel, wind, solar, space-solar, nuclear energies. This transition low carbon economy help these together hydrogen fuel, fuel cells, electric vehicles, plantations expected take our Earth safe zone coming 20-30

Language: Английский

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Increasing Surface UV Radiation in the Tropics and Northern Mid-Latitudes due to Ozone Depletion after 2010

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40(10), P. 1833 - 1843

Published: May 12, 2023

Language: Английский

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Generative Algorithms for Fusion of Physics-Based Wildfire Spread Models with Satellite Data for Initializing Wildfire Forecasts

Artificial Intelligence for the Earth Systems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(3)

Published: April 23, 2024

Abstract Increases in wildfire activity and the resulting impacts have prompted development of high-resolution behavior models for forecasting fire spread. Recent progress using satellites to detect locations further provides opportunity use measurements toward improving spread forecasts from numerical through data assimilation. This work develops a physics-informed approach inferring history satellite measurements, providing necessary information initialize coupled atmosphere–wildfire measured state. The arrival time, which is time reaches given spatial location, acts as succinct representation wildfire. In this work, conditional Wasserstein generative adversarial network (cWGAN), trained with WRF–SFIRE simulations, used infer active data. cWGAN produce samples likely times distribution detections. Samples produced by are assess uncertainty predictions. tested on four California wildfires occurring between 2020 2022, predictions extent compared against airborne infrared measurements. Further, predicted ignition reported times. An average Sørensen’s coefficient 0.81 perimeters an difference 32 min suggest that method highly accurate. Significance Statement To simulations physically consistent way based locations, it critical ensure state atmosphere aligns at start forecast. If known, may be develop atmospheric matching determined process known spinup. paper, we present novel early stage Here, inference performed probabilistic sense physics incorporated training derived model.

Language: Английский

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Climate, variability, and climate sensitivity of “Middle Atmosphere” chemistry configurations of the Community Earth System Model Version 2, Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 6 (CESM2(WACCM6))

Authorea (Authorea), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Simulating whole atmosphere dynamics, chemistry, and physics is computationally expensive. It can require high vertical resolution throughout the middle upper atmosphere, as well a comprehensive chemistry aerosol scheme coupled to radiation physics. An unintentional outcome of development one most sophisticated hence expensive model configurations that it often excludes broad community users with limited computational resources. Here, we analyze two Community Earth System Model Version 2, Whole Atmosphere Climate 6 (CESM2(WACCM6)) simplified “middle atmosphere” at nominal 1 2 degree horizontal resolutions. Using observations, reanalysis, direct comparisons, find these generally reproduce climate, variability, climate sensitivity configuration chemistry. While background stratospheric optical depth elevated in compared configuration, comparable between all during volcanic eruptions. For any purposes other than those needing an accurate representation tropospheric organic secondary aerosols, deliver reliable simulations 35% 86% fewer resources resolution, respectively.

Language: Английский

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Contrasting Stratospheric Smoke Mass and Lifetime From 2017 Canadian and 2019/2020 Australian Megafires: Global Simulations and Satellite Observations

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 127(10)

Published: May 4, 2022

Abstract Stratospheric injections of carbonaceous aerosols and combustion gases by extreme wildfires have become increasingly common. Recent “megafires,” particularly large intense fires, delivered particulate burdens to the lower stratosphere comparable those moderate volcanic eruptions. The 2017 Canadian megafire generated four Pyrocumulonimbi (pyroCbs), injecting up ≈0.3 Tg smoke in stratosphere. Even more extreme, 2019/2020 Australian event produced a pyroCb activity resulting stratospheric intrusions ≈1 Tg. To understand their contrasting behavior, we present global climate simulations atmospheric response these events, applying informed remote observations. Model outcomes, compared satellite data transport, reproduce reasonably well initial plume rise, at 0.2–0.3 km/day, attaining heights ≈20 km Canada above 30 Australia. Global dispersal occurs within about 3 weeks both cases, consistent with Smoke removal timescales, ≈5 months for megafire, agree measurements. During observations indicate three times as large, models predict comparatively longer lifetimes, ≈16 months. After latter event, optical depths radiative cooling achieved values close measured following Pinatubo eruption. Sensitivity tests model assumptions indicate, accord prior studies, that burden, injection heights, black carbon content can determine evolution possible impacts. An empirical relation between peak plumes lifetimes is derived help assess impacts on stratosphere, Earth system.

Language: Английский

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